拇手指部分缺损的修饰性修复与重建

目的评估对拇、手指末节部分缺损,选用相应部分足趾组织移植修饰性修复与重建的临床效果,提出修饰性修复与重建的新理念。方法对77例80指拇、手指末节半侧、背侧、指腹及手指部分复合组织缺损选用足趾末节半侧甲瓣,背侧甲瓣,趾腹皮瓣及足趾相应部分复合组织移植,采用吻合趾．指动静脉重建血液循环,施行修饰性修复与重建。结果成活75例78指,成活率为97．5％,术后经半年至12年随访,保持了手指原来长度与外形,重建了指甲,使指腹饱满,具有罗纹,出汗,两点分瓣觉为4～6mm,获得较完美的外形与功能。结论对拇、手指末节部分复合组织缺损,选用相应部分足趾半侧甲瓣、背侧甲瓣、趾腹皮瓣及复合组织移植的修饰性修复与重建,可达到精细修复效果和修饰性修复与重建的目的。     

Effects of waterproof covering on hand immersion tests using water at 10°C, 12°C and 15°C for diagnosis of hand–arm vibration syndrome

Objectives: To compare effects of waterproof covering on finger skin temperature (FST) and subjective hand pain during immersion tests using cold water at 10°C, 12°C and 15°C. In the (Draft International Standard) of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO/DIS 14835-1), a water temperature of 12°C and use of water covering are proposed. Methods: Six healthy male subjects took part in the immersion tests and immersed both hands into water at 10°C, 12°C and 15°C for 5 min, repeatedly, with waterproof covering (polyethylene gloves) or without (bare hands). The FST data from middle fingers and subjective pain scores for hand pain were analyzed. Furthermore, the test with water at 12°C was repeated to assess the repeatability of the test. Results: The glove and water temperature factors for FST were significant at every minute from 1 min during immersion up to 2 min after recovery, showing higher values for waterproof covering than for bare hands and showing lowest values for water temperature of 10°C and highest for 15°C. The glove and water temperature factors for subjective pain score were significant at the 1-min and 2-min points during immersion, showing lower scores for waterproof covering than for bare hands and showing highest scores for water temperature of 10°C and lowest for 15°C. The results of the first and second tests using water of 12°C showed no systematic difference in FST and hand pain between the tests, with a few exceptions. Conclusions: Subjective pain during the cold immersion test with polyethylene gloves and water at 12°C can be reduced, while the differences in FST between water temperatures of 10°C and 12°C were small or not apparent at some points during immersion and recovery. The test also seems to be suitable for repeatability. Further investigation on hand–arm vibration syndrome (HAVS) patients to validate the use of the immersion test with gloves to obtain sufficient data for diagnostic value is required.     

Treatment of osteochondral fracture of the trochlea of the PIP joint

Introduction: Osteochondral (OC) fractures of the trochlea of the PIP joint are rare but the treatment of these fractures can be challenging [2, 5, 6, 10]. And the therapeutic guideline is not determined. Materials and Methods: All of the three cases were male. Two were delayed union with minimal displacement and the other was a fresh displaced fracture. All cases were treated with ORIF using small K-wires. In delayed union cases, bone grafting was added. Results: Although bone union was obtained in all cases, rotation of the fragment due to the absorption of the grafted bone resulted in deformity of the trochlea in one of the delayed union cases. The functional recovery at the 2-year follow-up was satisfactory in all cases. Conclusion: Although OC fracture of the trochlea of PIP joint carry significant fixation implications, successful treatment could be done with ORIF using small K-wire fixation technique.     

Rotated Salter-Harris type II fracture of the phalanx

Abstract A Salter-Harris type II fracture with a rotational deformity involving the proximal phalanx of the ring finger is described for the first time. An undetected rotational deformity accompanying a Salter- Harris fracture compounds the fractures healing since it does not remodel, resulting in a malrotated union. Therefore, a cautious clinical and radiographic assessment is required, and fracture reduction should always be coupled with a correction of any evident rotational deformity.     

A rare cause of digital pain: the subepineural Pacinian corpuscle

A new case of subepineural Pacinian corpuscle is described in a 33-year-old woman without a history of trauma. Surgical excision resulted in complete pain relief.     

手指软组织缺损的修复

目的介绍8种修复手指软组织缺损的方法，并探讨其临床应用价值。方法应用指固有动脉逆行岛状皮瓣、指动脉终末背侧支逆行岛状皮瓣、指背动脉逆行岛状皮瓣、示指背岛状皮瓣、掌背皮瓣、邻指皮瓣、腹部超薄皮瓣及游离拇甲皮瓣等8种皮瓣修复76例手指软组织缺损。结果手指外形和功能均取得了令人满意的结果。结论这些皮瓣均适宜手指软组织缺损。     

一期再造全长指的实验研究

目的 通过实验探索一期再造全长指的手术设计和方法。方法 在6只食蟹猴上，在掌指关节处切除示指，应用带足背皮瓣和跖骨的第2足趾复合移植一期再造全长示指。结果 再造12个全长指术后全部成活，后因感染仅4个再造指存活，随访12个月，存活再造指恢复大部分功能及较好的外观。结论 利用带足背皮瓣和跖骨的第2足趾复合移植再造全长示指的方法可行，但需设法提高存活率。     

拇手指再造术的临床体会

目的探讨足趾组织游离移植拇手指再造手术的临床疗效。方法自2000年9月-2007年4月，针对各种类型的拇手指缺损或软组织缺损，采用不同形式的足趾组织游离移植进行拇手指再造手术共42例46指。结果再造手指坏死1例，其余41例45指全部成活。随访时间3个月～2年，按中华医学会手外科分会上肢部分功能评定试用标准进行评定：优15指，良20指，可8指，差2指。结论适宜的手术时机、娴熟的显微外科技术、血管变异与危象的正确处理和积极的康复训练，是足趾组织游离移植拇手指再造手术成功的关键。     

断指再植术后动脉危象的处理

目的　介绍断指再植术后动脉危象的处理。方法　 4 6例 ( 4 6指 )断指再植在术后 6～ 72小时内出现动脉危象 ,经采用罂粟碱 3 0 mg肌肉注射等保守治疗 1小时后 ,动脉危象仍未解除。即行手术探查 ,发现动脉吻合口血管内膜损伤或缺损 2 8例 ,血管吻合技术差 11例 ,血管远端分支未结扎 2例 ;动脉痉挛 5例。血管均严重痉挛、变细、无血液通过吻合口。机械解除动脉痉挛 5例 ;动脉栓塞 4 1例 ,切除吻合口后动脉直接吻合 6例 ,静脉移植 3 5例。结果　 4 6指成活 4 3指 ,成活率为 93 .5 %。结论　精细的显微外科技术是断指再植获得成功的关键 ,正确判断动脉危象 ,及时手术探查是提高该类断肢再植成活率的有效手段。     

手指末节指甲半月线以远完全离断的再植

目的 报道手指末节指甲半月线以远(varnanpl区Ⅱ型)完全离断的再植方法及疗效。方法 在放大10倍手术显微镜镜视下，对11例16指断指远、近端进行彻底的清创，扩大近端骨髓腔，用克氏针纵行固定末节指骨但不穿过关节。静脉回流利用髓腔静脉回流及甲缘放血法，动脉只吻合1条指动脉弓终末支，结扎其余动脉分支。缝合2条指神经终末支，去除甲板，在远断端甲床上作3个纵行小切口，用肝素钠盐水棉片湿敷。结果 再植后15指存活，1指坏死，再植存活率93．7％。术后随访3～12个月，15指手指外形饱满，痛、温觉恢复，指腹二点分辨觉为6～8mm。患指远侧指间关节屈伸活动正常。13指患者指甲有纵嵴畸形。结论 末节yarnanpl区Ⅱ型再植，采用吻合1支终末支动脉，髓腔静脉回流及甲缘放血的方法可达到动—静脉血流平衡，提高了该型断指的存活率。