慢性乙型肝炎血清病毒载量水平与肝硬化的关系

目的 探讨慢性乙型肝炎患者病程中血清乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)-DNA水平的变化与肝硬化发生的关系.方法 收集2001至2007年经肝穿刺确诊的239例慢性乙型肝炎患者.中位随访时间28个月,检测入选和随访终点的血清HBV-DNA水平,观察肝硬化发生情况.结果 发生肝硬化者较无肝硬化者年龄更大,随访终点HBV-DNA水平更高,但两组入选时HBV-DNA水平差异无统计学意义(P=0.531).Kaplan-Meier法生存分析显示,随访终点HBV-DNA水平越高,发生肝硬化比例亦越高(X2=11.736,P=0.019).Cox比例风险模型显示,随访终点HBV-DNA水平、入选时的肝组织纤维化分期、乙型肝炎病毒e抗原阴性和γ-谷氨酰转肽酶水平为预示肝硬化发生的危险因素,风险比分别为1.898、1.918、8.976、1.006.结论 随访终点HBV-DNA和慢性乙型肝炎肝硬化的发生密切相关.     

一氧化氮对感染日本血吸虫小鼠肝脏纤维化程度的影响

目的　研究一氧化氮 (NO)对感染日本血吸虫小鼠早期肝脏纤维化的影响。方法　 NMRI小鼠感染日本血吸虫后第 2 3天起 ,连续用诱导型一氧化氮合酶 (i NOS)的抑制剂氨基胍(Am inoguanidine,AMG)处理小鼠 ,同时设未经抑制的对照组 ,分别在感染后第 38、4 5天观察小鼠肝脏的病理变化。天狼猩红染色 -偏振光显微镜观察并结合图像分析的方法 ,分析肝脏中 、 型胶原的动态变化 ;化学显色法检测肝脏匀浆中能间接反映肝脏纤维化程度的羟脯氨酸的浓度。结果　感染后 38d,肝脏中 、 型胶原的增生程度及 、 型胶原面积比值明显高于对照组 ,但羟脯氨酸的含量与对照组相比差异无显著性 (P>0 .0 5 ) ;感染后 4 5 d,肝脏中 型胶原的增生程度和 、 型胶原面积比值明显高于对照组 ,AMG处理组中羟脯氨酸的含量较对照组高 (P<0 .0 5 )。结论　 NO可抑制日本血吸虫感染小鼠肝脏早期纤维化     

汉防己甲素阻抑大鼠肝纤维化的实验研究

目的：研究汉防己甲素对实验性肝纤维化的作用。方法：用CCl4制备大鼠肝纤维化模型，以鳖甲作为对照。观察汉防己甲素对大鼠肝纤维化各项指标的影响。结果：组织学和生化分析表明，汉防己甲素能减少胶原在肝内沉积；免疫荧光半定量分析提示汉防己甲素组肝内Ⅰ型胶原含量较对照组显著减少；电镜观察发现汉防己甲素组大鼠肝内有些纤维母细胞胞浆中出现髓鞘样结构及自噬体。结论：汉防己甲素具有阻抑肝纤维化的作用，其作用机制可能与该药对纤维母细胞的致细胞病变作用有关。     

干扰素α干预对大鼠胰腺纤维化的影响

目的 观察干扰素α(INF-α)对DDC诱导的胰腺纤维化大鼠模型纤维增生程度、胰腺星状细胞活化标志物α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)和细胞外基质成分Ⅲ型胶原蛋白表达的影响.方法 Wistar大鼠40只随机数字法分成对照组、纤维化组和干扰素组.纤维化组和干扰素组每周2次腹腔内注射DDC,干扰素组在造模同时每天皮下注射INF-α10万U.6周末取材,光镜下观察胰腺病理学变化.免疫组化法测定胰腺组织中α-SMA、Ⅲ型胶原蛋白的表达.结果 第4周起纤维化组大鼠体重增长缓慢甚至下降,干扰素组体重仍缓慢增长,5周后两组差异显著[(309.8±19.7)g与(277.3±19.9)g,P＜0.05].纤维化组胰腺组织纤维化表现明显,纤维化分值、Masson染色值、α-SMA和Ⅲ型胶原蛋白相对表达量分别为2.679±0.899、218.713±36.102、148.971±30.686和88.142±42.581;干扰素组纤维化减轻,上述指标分别为1.952±0.219、114.732±24.912、77.237±9.275和59.952±25.498,均较纤维化组显著降低(P＜0.05).结论 给予INF-α能显著减轻纤维化程度和α-SMA、Ⅲ型胶原表达,对DDC诱导的大鼠胰腺纤维化有一定的预防作用.     

高血压心肌纤维化的研究进展

心肌胶原是心肌间质的重要组成部分,与心肌细胞共同维护心脏结构和功能的完整。高血压进程中会出现心肌僵硬度增加,限制心肌活动,降低心室的顺应性,影响心肌的收缩及舒张功能。近年来研究发现上述表现与心肌纤维化的形成密切相关。现就高血压心肌纤维化的特点、机制、检测指标以及药物逆转效应作一综述。     

Immunohistochemical detection of arginase-I expression in formalin-fixed lung and other tissues

Abstract

Arginases are a family of enzymes that convert l-arginine to l-ornithine and urea. Alterations in expression of the isoform arginase-I are increasingly recognized in lung diseases such as asthma and cystic fibrosis. To define expression of murine arginase-I in formalin-fixed tissues, including lung, an immunohistochemical protocol was validated in murine liver, a tissue that has distinct zonal arginase-I expression, making it a useful control. In the lung, arginase-I immunostaining was observed in airway surface epithelium and this decreased from large to small airways, with a preferential staining of ciliated epithelium versus Clara cells and alveolar epithelia. In submucosal glands, the ducts and serous acini had moderate immunostaining, which was absent in mucous cells. Focal immunostaining was observed in alveolar macrophages, endothelial cells, pulmonary vein cardiomyocytes, pulmonary artery smooth muscle, airway smooth muscle, and neurons of ganglia of the lung. Arginase-I immunostaining was also detected in other tissues including salivary glands, pancreas, liver, skin, and intestine. Differential immunostaining was observed between sexes in submandibular salivary glands; arginase-I was diffusely expressed in the convoluted granular duct cells of females, but was rarely noted in males. Strain specific differences were not detected. In a mouse with an incidental case of lymphoma, neoplastic lymphocytes lacked arginase-I immunostaining, in contrast to immunostaining detected in non-neoplastic lymphocytes of lymphoid tissues. The use of liver tissue to validate arginase-I immunohistochemistry produced consistent expression patterns in mice, and this approach can be useful to enhance consistency of arginase-I immunohistochemical studies.