前路Centaur钉板系统治疗胸腰段脊柱爆裂性骨折的护理

目的探讨前路Centaur钉板系统治疗胸腰段脊柱爆裂性骨折的临床护理方式及特点。方法对23例利用钉板系统经前路行胸腰段脊柱爆裂伤椎次全切除、椎管减压、椎间植骨内固定病人做好心理护理,术前准备, 生命体征,肢体功能的观察,管道护理,功能锻炼,出院指导等。结果 23例病人随访1-3年。疗效满意。结论对前路Centaur钉板系统治疗胸腰段脊柱爆裂性骨折病人采取正确有效的护理是提高手术成功率及促进病人早日康复的重要措施。     

护理文件过程质量综合评价指标体系的设计与应用

目的构建具有科学性、指导性、可操作性的护理文件过程质量评价指标体系,为护理管理部门进行准确评价和科学决策提供依据。方法采用调查法和特尔斐法确定护理文件过程质量评价的内容及组织专家论证,设计护理文件质量评价指标体系并应用。结果该评价体系一级指标包括3个方面,10项二级指标和54项三级指标。结论护理文件过程质量评价指标体系有效、合理,强调依法执业,为科学、合理地评价护理文件过程质量提供了保证。     

A Systematic Characterization Approach for Vacuum Bag Only Prepregs towards an Accurate Process Design

Aerospace-grade composite parts can be manufactured using Vacuum Bag Only prepregs through an accurate process design. Quality in the desired part can be realized by following process modeling, process optimization, and validation, which strongly depend on a primary and systematic material characterization methodology of the prepreg system and material constitutive behavior. The present study introduces a systematic characterization approach of a Vacuum Bag Only prepreg by covering the relevant material properties in an integrated manner with the process mechanisms of fluid flow, consolidation, and heat transfer. The characterization recipe is practiced under the categories of (i) resin system, (ii) fiber architecture, and (iii) thermal behavior. First, empirical models are successively developed for the cure-kinetics, glass transition temperature, and viscosity for the resin system. Then, the fiber architecture of the uncured prepreg system is identified with X-ray tomography to obtain the air permeability. Finally, the thermal characteristics of the prepreg and its constituents are experimentally characterized by adopting a novel specimen preparation technique for the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity. Thus, this systematic approach is designed to provide the material data to process modeling with the motivation of a robust and integrated Vacuum Bag Only process design.     

消炎止痒乳膏的制备工艺

目的确定消炎止痒乳膏的最佳制备工艺。方法以君药黄芩中黄芩苷的含量作为评价指标,通过正交试验筛选出合理的提取工艺,并制订质量控制标准。结果最佳提取工艺为10倍量水煎煮两次,第1次浸泡1 h再煎煮,每次煎煮2 h。结论所确定的提取工艺合理,质量控制较全面。     

Design and Manufacturing of Si-Based Non-Oxide Cellular Ceramic Structures through Indirect 3D Printing

Additive manufacturing of Polymer-Derived Ceramics (PDCs) is regarded as a disruptive fabrication process that includes several technologies such as light curing and ink writing. However, 3D printing based on material extrusion is still not fully explored. Here, an indirect 3D printing approach combining Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) and replica process is demonstrated as a simple and low-cost approach to deliver complex near-net-shaped cellular Si-based non-oxide ceramic architectures while preserving the structure. 3D-Printed honeycomb polylactic acid (PLA) lattices were dip-coated with two preceramic polymers (polyvinylsilazane and allylhydridopolycarbosilane) and then converted by pyrolysis respectively into SiCN and SiC ceramics. All the steps of the process (printing resolution and surface finishing, cross-linking, dip-coating, drying and pyrolysis) were optimized and controlled. Despite some internal and surface defects observed by topography, 3D-printed materials exhibited a retention of the highly porous honeycomb shape after pyrolysis. Weight loss, volume shrinkage, roughness and microstructural evolution with high annealing temperatures are discussed. Our results show that the sacrificial mold-assisted 3D printing is a suitable rapid approach for producing customizable lightweight highly stable Si-based 3D non-oxide ceramics.     

2016-2018年湖南省含乳冷冻饮品生产加工过程肠杆菌科和单核细胞增生李斯特菌监测

目的 了解含乳冷冻饮品生产加工过程中肠杆菌科和单核细胞增生李斯特菌(简称单增李斯特菌)的分布,分析其污染的来源. 方法 对湖南省4家含乳冷冻饮品生产企业生产加工过程各个环节的样品进行监测,采用国家标准检测方法对肠杆菌科和单增李斯特菌进行检验,利用脉冲场凝胶电泳(pulse field gel electrophores...     

如何使用术中超声探测肱骨近端板钉固定后的螺钉穿透:一项初步尸体研究

目的 探讨肱骨近端骨折板钉固定术中使用超声判断螺钉是否穿透肱骨头关节面.方法 采用尸体肩关节作为研究对象,将肱骨近端解剖锁定板固定于肱骨近端后,制作肱骨头9枚钉孔穿透模型,并用超声探查肱骨头关节面穿透情况,记录观察中的肩关节活动范围及超声探头在肩关节表面的位置.结果 右侧肩关节1～9号钉孔探及穿透时的肩关节活动度分别为...     

油浴模拟砂炒过程中印乌碱的结构转化途径及转化产物毒性研究

目的研究印乌碱在砂炒(油浴模拟)过程中的结构转化途径并比较印乌碱及其转化产物的毒性。方法采用HPLC法筛选出印乌碱发生结构转化的温度和时间参数;通过柱色谱法和NMR、MS等波谱法,分离、鉴定出印乌碱的砂炒转化产物;采用心脏毒性实验比较原型成分印乌碱及其转化产物的毒性。结果通过比较不同炮制温度、时间样品的HPLC色谱图,筛选出印乌碱在160～180℃,加热10～30 min时发生结构转化;分离、鉴定出砂炒产物mithaconitine;II导联心电图(electrocardiogram,ECG)表明,0.06mg/kg印乌碱可引起正常大鼠出现室性早搏(ventricularprematurebeat,VPB)、室性心动过速(ventricular tachyrhythmia,VT)等心律失常现象;mithaconitine在该剂量下未引起大鼠典型的心律失常ECG。结论砂炒过程中,印乌碱的C-8位脱去乙酰基,转化为14-benzoylpseudaconine;接着,14-benzoylpseudaconine的C-8位、C-15位发生脱水反应转化为mithaconitine,达到砂炒减毒的目的。     

大孔吸附树脂分离纯化中药成分影响因素探讨

大孔吸附树脂具有理化性质稳定、选择性好、吸附能力强且易洗脱、可循环使用且再生处理经济环保、方便制剂成型等优势,近年来广泛应用于天然药物及中药有效成分的精制分离、复方中药制剂的纯化、有害杂质的去除等。通过对大孔吸附树脂的制备、性质、分类、工作原理进行综述,并对其纯化中药成分的影响因素和纯化工艺进行讨论,探究影响大孔吸附树脂纯化中药成分的重要因素,为提高中药成分纯化效果提供参考。     

规范化营养护理流程结合预见性护理干预对急性胰腺炎患者营养状态及并发症发生情况的影响

目的 探讨规范化营养护理流程结合预见性护理干预对急性胰腺炎患者营养状态及并发症发生情况的影响.方法 将200例急性胰腺炎患者以抽签法随机分为对照组和观察组,各100例.对照组采取常规护理干预,观察组在对照组基础上采取规范化营养护理流程结合预见性护理干预.比较两组干预效果.结果 干预后,观察组的血清白蛋白、前白蛋白水平均...