对神经根型颈椎病CT扫描的价值探讨

对50例神经根型颈椎病的CT征象进行了分析,并与X线平片加以比较。认为CT不仅在神经根型颈椎病的诊断中具有独特作用,而且在确定手术方法和手术途径的选择上也很有意义。作者认为在CT机还没有普及的情况下,摄一张良好的钩椎关节放大斜位片或椎间孔断层片对诊断神经根型颈椎病应是首选的。CT和X线平片相结合,综合分析,更有价值。     

Significance of corrective growth of opposite physes in the surgical correction of deformity following epiphyseal injury around the knee joint

Deformation due to growth disturbance after epiphyseal fractures around the knee may involve more than the primarily injured epiphysis, as spontaneous corrective growth of the opposite epiphyseal plate can take place in an attempt to maintain overall alignment of the leg. As a result, there will be an inclination in the knee joint line if corrective osteotomy is only performed for the primary angulation. We report two cases of this complex deformity in which corrective osteotomies of both the distal femur and the proximal tibia were performed, resulting in correct alignment of the overall leg axis and knee joint axis. Received: 25 May 1996 Accepted: 20 November 1996     

染色体图象微机处理系统的应用

染色体图象处理系统具有7组67个功能，基本功能有视频处理、图象预处理、染色体配对和排序、图形功能、标注和批处理功能。把该系统应用于苯中毒工人遗传学生物标记研究、兰索拉唑对中国仓鼠肺细胞染色体畸变的影响研究、妇产科病人标本及猴外周血淋巴细胞标本的观察和分析的结果表明，该系统实用性强，并具有先进性、稳定性、灵活性和可拓展性等特点。     

应力松弛接骨板对骨几何形态和力学性能影响的实验观察

作者采用粘弹性材料制成垫圈置于接骨板螺孔与螺丝钉之间，构成应力松弛接骨板系统。实验证实，有垫与无垫接骨板在固定早期对模拟骨的应力遮挡作用相同，固定８周后垫圈出现明显变形和破坏，使有垫接骨板的应力遮挡率从第１０周起明显低于无垫接骨板。有垫接骨板固定的胫骨骨质疏松明显轻于无垫组，固定２０周后，有垫组的胫骨髓腔径明显小于无垫组，骨皮质厚度和胫骨抗弯强度均明显大于无垫组（Ｐ＜０．０５～０．０１）。说明应力松弛接骨板系统早期具有与坚强接骨板相同的固定作用，后期其应力遮挡效应可逐渐减小，避免严重的骨质疏松和骨力学性能下降。     

基于系统输出分布的智能控制

提出了文题所述的控制策略,依据输出分布曲线的特征变量选取方法和依据该项信息的规则控制系统。仿真研究得到了满意的结果。在一个实验性二元精馏塔上用IBM-PC进行试验亦获成功。本法对具有非线性特性的分布参数对象,较常规控制策略有明显的优越性。     

The Process in Psychological Debriefings

Critical Incident Stress Debriefings have become an intervention method used in various cultures, countries and groups following critical incidents. Although the structure of such meetings has been adequately described, utilization of the group processes involved has received less attention. A model, process debriefing (PD), based on experiences from Europe, is presented. Some differences between the current CISD process in the United States and the Europe based model are outlined. Various factors that impact the process of debriefings are discussed with a special emphasis on leadership, and implications of these group process variables for psychological debriefing are presented. It is emphasized that the continued exploration and discussion of process issues is critical to advance the understanding of the critical elements of debriefing.     

The Domain of Hypertrophic Chondrocytes in Growth Plates Growing at Different Rates

In this study, we tested the hypotheses that (a) both the domain volume (volume of the cell and the matrix it has formed) and matrix volume of juxtametaphyseal hypertrophic chondrocytes in the growth plate is tightly controlled, and that (b) the domain volume of juxtametaphyseal hypertrophic chondrocytes is a strong determinant of the rate of bone length growth. We analyzed the rate of bone length growth (oxytetracycline labeling techniques) and nine stereologic and kinetic parameters related to the juxtametaphyseal chondrocytic domain in the proximal and distal radial and tibial growth plates of 21- and 35-day-old rats. The domain volume increased with increasing growth rates, independent of the location of the growth plate and the age of the animal. Within age groups, the matrix volume per cell increased with increasing growth rates, but an identical growth plate had the same matrix volume per cell in 21- and 35-day-old rats. The most suitable regression model (R ²= 0.992) to describe the rate of bone length growth included the mean volume of juxtametaphyseal hypertrophic chondrocytes and the mean rate of cell loss/cell proliferation. This relationship was independent of the location of the growth plate and the age of the animal. The data suggest that the domain volume of juxtametaphyseal hypertrophic chondrocytes, as well as the matrix volume produced per cell, may be tightly regulated. In addition, the volume of juxtametaphyseal hypertrophic chondrocytes and the rate of cell loss/rate of cell proliferation may play the most important role in the determination of the rate of bone length growth. Received: 2 December 1996 / Accepted: 24 March 1997     

肩锁钩板治疗不稳定性锁骨外侧段骨折的临床研究

目的：比较肩锁钩板和传统克氏针内固定治疗不稳定性锁骨外侧段骨折的疗效。方法：54例不稳定性锁骨外侧段骨折的患者接受了手术治疗，内固定分别是锁骨钩板或克氏针，根据国外的锁骨外侧段骨折肩部功能评价标准进行6－12个月的术后随访，随访结果运用统计学方法进行分析处理，结果：克氏针内固定组的手术优良率为77．3％，并发症发生率为27．3％，骨折愈合率为81．8％；锁骨钩板内固定组的手术优良率为100％，并发症发生率为3．1％，骨折愈合率100％。两组数据统计学差异有显著性，结论：在不稳定性锁骨外侧段骨折的手术治疗中，锁骨钩板较传统克氏针内固定有较高的手术优良率和骨折愈合率，且并发症的发生率较低，因此，它是一种疗效满意的内固定方法。     

In Vitro Evaluation of Platelet/Biomaterial Interactions in an Epifluorescent Video Microscopy Combined with a Parallel Plate Flow Cell

Abstract: Suitable evaluation systems are critical for ranking various biomaterials in order to develop a method to design and synthesize nonthrombogenic biomaterials. We have recently developed an in vitro test system to evaluate platelet/biomaterial interactions in whole blood. The system consists of a parallel plate flow cell and epifluorescent video microscopy (EVM). A glass coverslip coated with a polymer was incorporated into the flow cell, and blood was perfused using a syringe pump via a polymer–coated PVC tubing connected to the flow cell. Whole human blood was anticoagulated with heparin (2 U/ml), and the platelets were labeled with the fluorescent dye mepacrine (5 μM). This system permitted real–time and dynamic observations of platelet/biomaterial interactions in whole blood under a defined flow condition. In order to evaluate the feasibility of this system, two different segmented polyether–polyurethanes (SPEUs), PU–PTMG(650) and PU–PTMG(2000), were chosen as test polymers. Surface characteristics verified with electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) and contact angle measurements showed similar results in both SPEUs. Blood was perfused at a wall shear rate of 200 s^–1 for 20 min. Excitation light was applied for 2 s at 1 min intervals. The real–time image was then analyzed at each time point for the percentage of surface area of platelet coverage. Plasma β–thromboglobulin (β–TG) levels were also measured before and after each run. PU–PTMG(650) showed a significantly higher number of adhered platelets than PU–PTMG(2000) at each time point. β–TG levels of PU–PTMG(650) were also higher than those of PU–PTMG(2000), which is comparable to the results of EVM. Thus, this EVM system has been proven to be an excellent and highly sensitive in vitro analytical method for evaluating platelet/biomaterial interactions.     

枢椎齿突骨折的治疗进展

枢椎齿突骨折是一种累及寰枢椎区稳定性的严重损伤 ,人们对它的认识是不断变化和深入的。近年来 ,出现了很多新的治疗观念和方法 ,作者对此作一综述