FFA在Eales病激光治疗中的作用探讨

目的探讨荧光素眼底血管造影(FFA)在视网膜静脉周围炎(Eales病)激光治疗中的作用。方法按病例选择标准筛选60例(108眼)经临床确诊为Eales病患者,随机分为研究组和对照组。研究组用FFA检查后选择眼底病变区域行激光光凝。对照组不经FFA检查,直接行视网膜光凝。6个月后两组病例均用FFA检查视网膜、血管病变是否好转,比较治疗前后视力、眼底变化、视野改变,评价治疗效果。结果研究组33例58眼Eales病患眼治疗有效54眼(93.1%),无效4眼(6.9%)。对照组27例50眼Eales病患眼治疗有效34眼(68.0%),无效16眼(32.0%)。研究组58眼激光光凝后均无视野改变,对照组50眼激光光凝后均有不同程度视野缩小。结论依据FFA检查对Eales病激光光凝,治疗效果优于不经FFA检查直接行视网膜光凝。FFA为进一步探讨Eales病的发病机理,为临床治疗Eales病提供重要的指导依据。     

西洋参茎叶皂甙对实验性心肌坏死的保护作用

研究西洋参茎叶皂甙（ＰＱＳ）对应激状态下心肌缺血坏死的保护作用。ｉｇＰＱＳ５０、１００ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１，能明显减少心肌坏死面积，降低血清ＣＫ、ＬＤＨ活性。表明ＰＱＳ具有保护作用。同时ＰＱＳ能降低血清ＦＦＡ水平，减少心肌ＬＰＯ含量。提示其抗心肌缺血作用可能与纠正心肌缺血时ＦＦＡ代谢紊乱及对抗氧自由基引发的脂质过氧化反应有关。     

糖化血清蛋白及游离脂肪酸在2型糖尿病患者血清中的变化分析

目的:通过对2型糖尿病患者空腹糖化血清蛋白(GSP)和空腹、餐后2h的血糖及游离脂肪酸(FFA)浓度的测定,分析其变化情况及意义。方法:选取2型糖尿病患者34例,正常对照组31例,采用葡萄糖己糖激酶法测定血糖浓度;酮胺氧化酶法测定GSP的浓度;酶比色法测定FFA的浓度。结果:2型糖尿病组空腹GSP、FFA及餐后2h的血糖浓度与正常对照组相比较,差异有显著性(P<0.05);2型糖尿病组空腹及餐后2h的血糖浓度与FFA呈正相关(r=0.8722、r=0.8553,P<0.01),与GSP呈正相关(r=0.9277、r=0.9091,P<0.01);餐后FFA虽较餐前略有下降,但无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:GSP和FFA浓度的测定对2型糖尿病的监控具有重要价值。     

The mechanism of action of clofibrate and tetranicotinoylfructose (Bradilan) on the kinetics of plasma free fatty acid and triglyceride transport in type IV and type V hypertriglyceridaemia

Abstract. The kinetics of plasma free fatty acid and triglyceride transport were assessed in 20 patients with idiopathic hypertriglyceridaemia. These patients were subdivided according to lipoprotein pattern into Type IV and Type V patients. The effects of clofibrate therapy on plasma free fatty acid and triglyceride kinetics were assessed in these patients. Clofibrate produced a marked reduction in serum triglyceride associated with a significant reduction in triglyceride turnover as well as enhancement of triglyceride clearance. The reduction in triglyceride concentration produced by clofibrate was found to correlate with the reduction in free fatty acid turnover indicating that this drug decreased the availability of free fatty acid turnover indicating that this drug decreased the availability of free fatty acids for hepatic esterification. Clearance of endogenous plasma triglyceride was markedly enhanced in those patients in whom it was markedly impaired before treatment.—Having discontinued clofibrate for six weeks the same patients received bradilan (tetranicotinoylfructose) and kinetic measurements were repeated. It was evident that bradilan had a greater hypotriglyceridaemic effect than clofibrate in both groups of patients. The effect of bradilan was the result of inhibition of free fatty acid turnover and consequently a marked reduction in triglyceride turnover. Bradilan, unlike clofibrate, did not affect the mechanisms responsible for the clearance of plasma triglycerides.     

Metabolic, hormonal, oxidative, and inflammatory factors in pediatric obesity-related liver disease

OBJECTIVE: To examine the role of metabolic, hormonal, oxidative, and inflammatory factors in pediatric obesity-related liver disease. STUDY DESIGN: In 50 obese children (age 7 to 14 years) with (n = 20, group 1) or without (n = 30, group 2) hypertransaminasemia and ultrasonographic liver brightness, we studied insulin resistance (fasting glucose/insulin ratio [FGIR]) and serum levels of leptin, iron, transferrin, ferritin, C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cell (WBC) count, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6, C282Y and H63D mutations, and erythrocytic glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity. RESULTS: FGIR (6.7 +/- 4.1 vs 9.2 +/- 5.2; P = .02), serum ferritin (88.8 +/- 36.0 vs 39.9 +/- 24.0 ng/mL; P = .0001), serum CRP (5.4 +/- 6.0 vs 1.1 +/- 1.6 mg/dL; P = 0.004), and GPX (8.4 +/- 0.9 vs 5.0 +/- 0.5 U/g Hb; P = .05) were significantly higher and more frequently deranged in group 1 than in group 2. FGIR, ferritin, and CRP values were simultaneously deranged in 41% of the group 1 patients and in none of the group 2 patients ( P = .098). Serum leptin, iron, and transferrin, WBC, TNF-alpha, IL-6, and C282Y and H63D mutations were similar in the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS: Insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and low-grade systemic inflammatory status are implicated in pediatric obesity-related liver disease. These findings may be useful in planning pathophysiologically based therapeutic trials for hepatopathic obese children who are unable to follow hypocaloric diets.     

Immuno-endocrine and metabolic responses to long distance ski racing in world-class male and female cross-country skiers

The purpose of this study was to characterize the extent of immune, endocrine, substrate and metabolic changes during a long-distance cross-country ski race in extremely well-trained athletes and evaluate if the blood perturbations would indicate signs of health risk. Ten male (M) and six female (F) national team skiers were investigated as they followed their usual routines of race preparations. Blood samples were drawn before and immediately after a World Cup 50-km M and 30-km F ski race with a mean finish time of 142 and 104 min, respectively. Hemoglobin, electrolytes, and C-reactive protein remained unchanged for both M and F. Serum testosterone remained unchanged in M, but doubled in F. Significant increases were observed in concentrations of granulocytes (F: 5 x, M: 5 x), natural killer cells (F: 2 x, M: 1.5 x), adrenaline (F: 12 x, M:10 x), noradrenaline (F: 7 x, M:5 x), growth hormone (F: 30 x, M: 2 x), cortisol (F: 1.5 x, M:2 x), glucose (F: 2 x, M:1.5 x), creatine kinase (F: 2 x, M:2 x), uric acid (F: 1.5 x, M: 1.5 x) and non-organic phosphate (F:2 x, M:2 x), while insulin concentration decreased (F: 0.5x, M: 0.8 x). Free fatty acid (FFA) concentration increased (F:2 x, M: 3 x). In conclusion, we observed substantial changes in several immuno-endocrine, substrate and metabolic measurements after long distance cross-country ski racing and suggest that some of these marked changes may reflect the large amount of muscle mass involved during skiing.     

CONCENTRATIONS OF TRIGLYCERIDES, FREE FATTY ACIDS AND GLYCEROL IN CORD BLOOD OF NEWBORN INFANTS WITH A BIRTH WEIGHT OF ≤2700 GRAMS

Abstract Concentrations of triglycerides, free fatty acids (FFA) and glycerol were measured in umbilical venous blood from 99 infants with a birth weight of between 1100–2700 g and a gestational age of 27–41 weeks. Thirty infants were small for gestational age (SGA), 58 were appropriate (AGA) and 11 were of uncertain gestational age. In AGA infants with a gestational age of ≥35 weeks, FFA values were lower than in those with a gestational age of>35 weeks; otherwise concentrations of triglycerides, FFA and glycerol were independent of birth weight and gestational age in AGA infants. In SGA infants, higher FFA values were found compared with both AGA and term infants of normal birth weight. Triglyceride values were higher in SGA than in AGA infants. In SGA infants, a significant positive correlation was found between gestational age and concentrations of both FFA and triglycerides. No differences in FFA, glycerol and triglyceride concentrations were seen between asphyxiated and non-asphyxiated AGA infants.     

THE EFFECT OF FEEDING ON OXYGEN CONSUMPTION, RQ AND PLASMA LEVELS OF GLUCOSE, FFA, AND D-β-HYDROXYBUTYRATE IN NEWBORN INFANTS OF DIABETIC MOTHERS AND SMALL FOR GESTATIONAL AGE INFANTS

Abstract. Eight infants of strictly controlled diabetic mothers (IDM), 8 infants of gestational diabetic mothers (IGDM) and 6 small for gestational age infants (SGA) were studied before the first feeding and during an early feeding regimen. In IDMs and IGDMs continuous monitoring from 2 hours up to 7 1/2 hours after birth before feeding revealed no consistent changes of Vo₂ and RQ. The groups of infants were studied on 4 different occasions: (I) 2 to 16 hours, (II) 1 to 2 days, (III) 3 to 4 days, and (IV) 7 to 11 days. Prefeeding Vo₂-values were not significantly different between each of the groups, but mean RQ was higher in IGDMs than in IDMs. Age of the infant and prefeeding RQ were inversely correlated (r=-0.537, p<0.02). With increasing age and milk intake Vo₂ increased significantly in all groups. RQ decreased during the first 24 to 48 hours in all groups and rose thereafter with highest values at 7 to 11 days. Plasma levels of glucose, FFA, and D-β-hydroxybutyrate were not significantly different between each of the groups. The highest values for D-β-hydroxybutyrate were found at 1–2 days when the lowest RQ values were also recorded. D-β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations and RQ values (r= -0.648, p<0.001) were inversely correlated suggesting increasing oxidation of fat. Feeding resulted in a marked rise in RQ to values around unity, which preceded a distinct increase in Vo₂ that reached a maximum at 1 to 1 1/2 hours after the feed, then slowly returned to pretest values. The rise in Vo₂ was accompanied by an increase in rectal temperature (0.4 to 1.5°C). Vo₂, RQ, and plasma levels of glucose, FFA, and D-β-hydroxybutyrate, were almost identical for each of the groups. We suggest: 1) That differences in feeding practice is the most likely explanation for the discrepancy between reported values for Vo₂, RQ, and circulating substrates in normal and low birth weight newborns. 2) That the rise in Vo₂ during the neonatal period, caused by feeding, reflects the cost of growth.     

跑台运动对大鼠骨骼肌UCP3 mRNA表达与血清FFA水平的影响

目的:探讨有氧跑台运动对大鼠骨骼肌解偶联蛋白3(UCP3)mRNA表达的影响及其与血清游离脂肪酸(FFA)水平之间的关系。方法:48只雄性SD大鼠随机分为安静对照组,运动后即刻、1小时、3小时、6小时和12小时组。各运动组大鼠进行60分钟跑台运动。采用RT-PCR法测定各组大鼠骨骼肌UCP3mRNA表达,生化方法测定血清FFA浓度。结果:运动后即刻、1小时、3小时、6小时和12小时组UCP3mRNA表达较安静对照组分别增加了60.7%、59.5%、81.8%、44.4%和62.3%(P<0.01),血清FFA水平较安静对照组分别提高了192.8%、144.0%、206.4%、318.5%和352.5%(P<0.01);运动组大鼠骨骼肌UCP3mRNA表达水平与血清FFA水平呈中度正相关(r=0.620,P<0.01)。结论:有氧跑台运动显著提高了大鼠骨骼肌UCP3mR-NA的表达,运动后骨骼肌UCP3mRNA表达的上调可能与运动导致的血清游离脂肪酸水平升高有关。