郃郎喘必消冲剂的药理研究

本文通过对小鼠急性毒性实验,抗炎实验,对胸腺脾脏的影响及对豚鼠在体、离体气管平滑肌作用实验,观察了郃郎喘必消冲剂的药理学效应。结果表明,该制剂无明显毒性,最大耐受量为1000g/kg/d。它有明显的对抗二甲苯致小鼠耳炎及延长组胺诱发哮喘发作潜伏期的作用,对豚鼠离体气管平滑肌无松驰作用,对小鼠胸腺和脾脏有使其重量减小的趋势,但与对照组比较无显著性差异。     

PCR－RFLP用于Ⅰ型脊髓灰质炎病毒野毒株与疫苗相关株的鉴别

利用互补于Ⅰ型脊髓灰质炎病毒ＶＰ１区的一对引物，扩增病毒核酸中约２６８ｂｐ的片段。产物经ＨａｅⅢ、ＲｓａⅠ、ＸｂａⅠ三种限制性内切酶切割后，用２％琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测，观察各分离株与ＳａｂｉｎⅠ型株酶切图谱的异同。在所检测的１３株病毒分离株中，只有１株的酶切图谱与ＳａｂｉｎⅠ型株的相同，为疫苗相关株，其它的１２株均为野毒株。本实验的结果表明从不同地区、不同年份所得的Ⅰ型脊髓灰质炎病毒分离株的碱基组成是有差异的。     

Lipofectin介导转移的外源性ADA基因在反复上感儿T淋巴细胞的表达

本文对４１例健康儿童和１７例反复上呼吸道感染患儿外周血淋巴细胞腺苷脱氨酶（ＡＤＡ）活性进行了检测。在此基础上筛选出２例反复上感伴ＡＤＡ活性低下患儿。在体外对这２例患儿的外周血Ｔ淋巴细胞进行培养后，以Ｌｉｐｏｆｅｃｔｉｎ（脂质体）介导的方法对其进行了外源性ＡＤＡ基因的基因转移。结果显示：２例患儿体外培养淋巴细胞ＡＤＡ活性较转基因前升高。同步进行的标志基因ｐＢＬａｃＺ的基因转移的检测结果也直观地证实了Ｌｉｐｏｆｅｃｔｉｎ介导的基因转移是成功的。该研究为ＡＤＡ－ＳＣＩＤ淋巴细胞基因治疗的研究提供了初步的体外实验资料。     

Dimebon and Tacrine Inhibit Neurotoxic Action of β-Amyloid in Culture and Block L-type Ca2+ Channels

Dimebon, a Russian-made drug, inhibited toxic effects of beta -amyloid on cultured neurons. Excessive accumulation of beta-amyloid in the brain is characteristic of Alzheimer dementias. Antialzheimer preparations tacrine and dimebon improve survival of cerebellar granule cells during long-term incubation with Ab25-35, the neurotoxic fragment of beta-amyloid. Both preparations can block potential-dependent Ca²⁺ entry into neurons by about 20%, which is explained by their selective action on L-type Ca²⁺ channels. It was assumed that the neuroprotective effect of dimebon and tacrine against Ab25-35 partially depends on inhibition of potential-dependent Ca²⁺ entry.     

Pemphigus vulgaris: the role of IL-1 and IL-1 receptor antagonist in pathogenesis and effects of intravenous immunoglobulin on their production

Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is increasingly being used for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. In the present report, the role of IVIG on in vivo and in vitro production of IL-1 and IL-1 receptor antagonist (Ra) was studied in patients with pemphigus vulgaris (PV). Serum samples from 20 untreated patients with active PV prior to initiation of systemic therapy, 20 patients receiving IVIG treatment, 20 patients in clinical remission after conventional therapy, and 20 normal human controls were studied to determine the serum levels of IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-1Ra. The in vitro production of these cytokines was measured in the culture supernatant of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 10 PV patients immediately before and after IVIG therapy and from age and sex-matched 10 healthy donors simultaneously. Elevated levels of IL-1alpha and IL-1beta were detected (i) in the serum of untreated PV patients with active disease prior to systemic therapy and (ii) before IVIG infusions in patients receiving IVIG therapy. These increased levels are statistically significant when compared to the levels in healthy controls (P < 0.01). A marked reduction of IL-1alpha and IL-1beta was detected (i) in the serum of patients in prolonged clinical remission and (ii) immediately after IVIG infusion in those patients on IVIG therapy. Increased level of IL-1Ra was detected in PV patients in prolonged clinical remission and after IVIG infusion in those receiving IVIG therapy. These differences were statistically significant when compared to the levels in normal controls and to the levels in the sera of patients with active disease (P < 0.01) or just before the beginning of IVIG infusion (P < 0.01). Similar differences in the levels of IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-1Ra were found in the culture supernatant of PBMC isolated from the PV patients pre and post IVIG therapy. These observations suggests that, compared to normal controls, patients with active PV have reversed levels of IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-1Ra. IVIG therapy may down-regulate production of IL-1alpha and IL-1beta and enhance production of IL-1Ra, in vivo and in vitro. This might be one of the important mechanisms by which IVIG produces its early therapeutic effects in pemphigus vulgaris.     

卡介苗作为抗肿瘤重组蛋白疫苗佐剂的研究

目的：探讨卡介苗（BCG）能否增强抗肿瘤疫苗HSP-MUC1的特异性抑瘤作用，从而将BCG开发为肿瘤疫苗的新型佐剂。方法：动物水平上，BCG和HSP-MUC1共免疫小鼠，观察BCG能否增强HSP-MUC1所激发的特异性抑瘤作用。细胞水平上对BCG发挥佐剂作用的机制进行探讨，将BCG和HSP-MUC1共刺激树突状细胞（DC），观察BCG能否协同HSP-MUC1刺激DC表面的CD86分子表达的上调；并对DC培养上清中IL-6、TNF-α的水平进行测定。结果：BCG＋HSP-MUC1组小鼠的肿瘤重量显著地低于HSP-MUC1组（P〈0.05）。细胞学试验显示，BCG能够显著增强HSP-MUC1对DC的激活作用，使DC表面的CD86分子显著上调。BCG＋HSP-MUC1组的DC培养上清中细胞因子IL-6、TNF-α的水平显著地高于HSP-MUC1组（P〈0.05）。结论：BCG能够显著地增强HSP-MUC1的抗肿瘤活性，具有肿瘤疫苗佐剂的良好功效。     

川芎嗪对内毒素脂多糖诱导的体外血脑屏障模型通透性增高的保护作用及其机制

目的:探讨川芎嗪对内毒素脂多糖(LPS)诱导的体外血脑屏障模型通透性增高的保护作用及其调控机制。方法:利用脑微血管内皮细胞与星型胶质细胞共培养建立体外大鼠血脑屏障模型,随机分为正常对照组、川芎嗪对照组、LPS干预组和川芎嗪治疗组。采用γ计数仪检测~(125)I-BSA通透量观察体外血脑屏障模型通透性的改变,Western印迹法检测紧密连接蛋白(zonula occludens-1,ZO-1)表达量的变化。结果:LPS使体外血脑屏障模型对~(125)I-BSA的通透量明显增加,脑微血管内皮细胞ZO-1蛋白表达下降,川芎嗪治疗组能明显拮抗LPS的上述作用。结论:川芎嗪对LPS诱导的体外血脑屏障通透性增高具有保护作用,其机制与它能影响血脑屏障紧密连接蛋白ZO-1表达有关。     

水通道蛋白3在人胎盘和胎膜中的表达及分布

目的 研究正常妊娠晚期人胎盘和胎膜水通道蛋白3(AQP3)的表达及分布.方法 收集5例正常足月妊娠剖宫分娩的胎盘和胎膜样本,用RT-PCR测定AQP3 mRNA在胎盘和胎膜组织中的表达;用Western印迹和免疫组织化学方法检测AQP3蛋白质水平在胎盘和胎膜的表达.结果 RT-PCR显示AQP3 mRNA在胎盘和胎膜组织均有表达.Western印迹结果显示胎盘组织在29 000左右有一特异性条带.免疫组织化学结果显示AQP3表达于合体滋养细胞,而在羊膜上皮细胞未见表达.结论 AQP3在胎盘母儿液体平衡中可能发挥重要作用.     

Screening of Twenty-Four South African Combretum and Six Terminalia Species (Combretaceae) for Antioxidant Activities

The dried leaves of Combretum and Terminalia species (Combretaceae) were extracted with acetone, hexane, dichloromethane and methanol. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) plates were developed under saturated conditions and sprayed with 0.2% 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) in methanol for antioxidant screening. Visualization of separated bands exhibiting antioxidant activities enabled the localization and the subsequent identification of the potential active compounds. The acetone and methanol extracts displayed the presence of antioxidant activity after spraying the chromatogram with DPPH. Hexane and dichloromethane extracts did not have any antioxidant activity. C. hereroense had the highest number of active compounds, followed by C. collinum ssp. taborense, which were 16 and 10, respectively. Acetone extracts of all tested Combretum species had 53 active bands and methanol had 55. All Terminalia species extracted with acetone and methanol had antioxidant activity. T. gazensis and T. mollis methanol extracts had 11 and 14 active compounds respectively in one of the solvent systems used. The qualitative DPPH assay on TLC was successfully used in this study to systematically assess the total antioxidant activity of the Combretum and Terminalia species extracts.     

STAT3 couples with 14-3-3σ to regulate BCR signaling,B-cell differentiation,and IgE production

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