杜仲叶醇对糖尿病大鼠骨密度的影响

目的 :观察杜仲叶醇对糖尿病大鼠骨密度改变的阻断作用 ,并探讨其机制。方法 :雌性Wistar大鼠 30只随机分成正常对照组、糖尿病 ( DM)模型组和模型加中药组 ,以腹腔注射链脲佐菌素 ( STZ)法制备糖尿病动物模型 ,模型加中药组给予杜仲叶醇灌胃 ,正常对照组和糖尿病模型组给予蒸馏水灌胃 ,每日 1次 ,连续 8周。结果 :杜仲叶醇能提高糖尿病大鼠股骨线密度 ( BWD)和面密度 ( BMD) ,提高血清雌二醇 ( E2 )含量。结论 :杜仲叶醇可阻断糖尿病大鼠的骨丢失 ,其部分机制是通过调节性激素而降低骨转换 ,抑制骨吸收。     

抗衰延寿方的实验研究

通过累积计分法、家蝇寿命实验、正交试验等方法筛选出杜仲、覆盆子等七味中药组成抗衰延寿方。实验证明该方能延长家蝇寿命,提高大鼠SOD、SeGSH-R、CAT活性,抑制过氧化脂质和脂褐素的形成及MAO—B活性,提高HDLc,降低Tc、LDLc,还能降低肺、脑游离核糖核酸酶活性,提高肺、脑核糖核酸酶抑制因子(RI)活性。急慢性毒性实验证明该方无毒性。     

盐制杜仲的炮制工艺研究

目的:筛选盐制杜仲的最佳炮制工艺.方法:以紫外分光光度法测定盐制杜仲中总苯丙酸含量为指标,采用正交试验设计对盐制杜仲的炮制工艺进行优选.结果:浸盐量为1%,120℃下烘4h为最佳炮制工艺.结论:盐制杜仲炮制参数有实际应用意义.     

Effects of Eucommia ulmoides Extract on Longitudinal Bone Growth Rate in Adolescent Female Rats

Eucommia ulmoides is one of the popular tonic herbs for the treatment of low back pain and bone fracture and is used in Korean medicine to reinforce muscles and bones. This study was performed to investigate the effects of E. ulmoides extract on longitudinal bone growth rate, growth plate height, and the expressions of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP‐2) and insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF‐1) in adolescent female rats. In two groups, we administered a twice‐daily dosage of E. ulmoides extract (at 30 and 100 mg/kg, respectively) per os over 4 days, and in a control group, we administered vehicle only under the same conditions. Longitudinal bone growth rate in newly synthesized bone was observed using tetracycline labeling. Chondrocyte proliferation in the growth plate was observed using cresyl violet dye. In addition, we analyzed the expressions of BMP‐2 and IGF‐1 using immunohistochemistry. Eucommia ulmoides extract significantly increased longitudinal bone growth rate and growth plate height in adolescent female rats. In the immunohistochemical study, E. ulmoides markedly increased BMP‐2 and IGF‐1 expressions in the proliferative and hypertrophic zones. In conclusion, E. ulmoides increased longitudinal bone growth rate by promoting chondrogenesis in the growth plate and the levels of BMP‐2 and IGF‐1. Eucommia ulmoides could be helpful for increasing bone growth in children who have growth retardation. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

杜仲中活性成分的分布及其累积动态变化规律的研究

目的 研究产地、生长季节及采后处理方式对杜仲皮、叶中5种主要生物活性成分含量的影响。方法 利用HPLC法测定杜仲皮、叶中5种主要生物活性成分的含量。结果 不同产地的杜仲皮、叶其生物活性成分含量相差悬殊，且同一产地的杜仲皮、叶中各种主要生物活性成分的含量没有一定相关性，并不随其他成分含量的增加而增加。杜仲中生物活性成分含量随季节变化而变化，杜仲皮、叶的最佳采收季节分别为4，5和7月，且采收后的杜仲皮、叶应及时处理使酶失活，避免自然干燥过程中胞内酶分解活性成分。此外，杜仲皮和叶中生物活性的含量差异很大，但有一定的互补性。结论 产地、生长季节及采后处理方式对杜仲皮、叶中5种主要生物活性成分含量的影响很大，且不能简单的以叶代皮。     

Mebendazole and insulin secretion from isolated rat islets

In a preliminary communication we reported that mebendazole, a vermicide, decreased plasma glucose and free fatty acid concentrations and increased plasma C peptide concentrations in both type II diabetic patients. Therefore, we suggested that mebendazole was an insulin secretagogue. However, these were uncontrolled studies, and improved metabolic control in these patients due to spontaneous remission rather than drug-induced insulin secretion was a possibility. To investigate the direct effect of mebendazole on insulin secretion we used intact islets isolated from normal rat pancreata. Mebendazole in concentrations as low as 10 to 20 mumol/L caused a twofold to threefold increase in acute-phase insulin release from isolated perifused rat islets. This heightened insulin release occurred in the presence of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.     

杜仲雄花中黄酮类化学成分及其抗氧化活性研究

目的 研究杜仲Eucommia ulmoides雄花的黄酮类化学成分,并进行抗氧化活性筛选。方法 运用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20和ODS等各种色谱技术进行分离纯化,根据理化性质和谱学数据鉴定化合物结构,并运用DPPH自由基和H₂O₂诱导PC12细胞凋亡实验测定其抗氧化活性。结果 从杜仲雄花95%乙醇提取物中共分离得到10个黄酮类化合物,分别鉴定为柚皮素（1）、槲皮素（2）、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-阿拉伯糖基 (1→2)-β-D-葡萄糖苷（3）、异槲皮苷（4）、江户樱花苷（5）、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖基 (1→2)-β-D-葡萄糖苷（6）、山柰酚-3-O-β-D-(6″-O-乙酰基)-β-D-葡萄糖苷（7）、芦丁（8）、异鼠李素- 3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（9）、紫云英苷（10）。结论 化合物1、5、6、9为首次从杜仲雄花中分离得到;活性测试结果表明化合物2～4、6、8具有较强的抗氧化活性,能明显抑制H₂O₂诱导PC12细胞凋亡。     

Effects of total lignans from Eucommia ulmoides barks prevent bone loss in vivo and in vitro

Ethnopharmacological relevance

The present study systematically investigate the in vivo and in vitro effect of total lignans (TL) extracted from Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. barks on bone formation using ovariectomy rat model and primary cultures of rat osteoblasts.

Materials and methods

Eighty 3-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were used and randomly assigned into sham-operated group (SHAM) and five ovariectomy (OVX) subgroups, i.e. OVX with vehicle (OVX); OVX with 17α-ethinylestradiol (E₂, 25 μg/kg/day); OVX with TL of graded doses (20, 40, or 80 mg/kg/day). The treatment began 4 weeks after the surgery and lasted for 16 weeks. in vitro experiments were performed to determine the potential mechanisms of the anti-osteoporotic effect of TL.

Results

Treatment with TL significantly prevent OVX-induced decrease in biomechanical quality of femur such as maximum stress and Young?s modulus. The mechanical changes were associated with the prevention of a further BMD decrease or even with some improvements in microarchitecture. TL inhibited BMD decrease in the femur caused by OVX, which was accompanied by a significant decrease in skeletal remodeling, as was evidenced by the decreased levels of the bone turnover markers. μCT analysis of the femoral metaphysis showed how to prevent the deterioration of trabecular microarchitecture. TL induced primary osteoblastic cell proliferation and differentiation, inhibition of osteoclastogenesis through an increase in osteoprotegrin (OPG) and a decrease in NF-κB ligand (RANKL) expression in vitro.

Conclusions

We concluded that TL treatment can effectively suppress the loss of bone mass induced by OVX and in vitro evidence suggests this could be through actions on both osteoblasts and osteoclasts.     

杜仲内生真菌的分离鉴定及其对异甜菊醇的生物转化研究

目的:从植物杜仲的根、茎、叶中分离内生真菌并进行初步鉴定,并研究获得的杜仲内生真菌对异甜菊醇的生物转化活性。方法:采用形态学方法对分离菌株进行鉴定,并对其进行异甜菊醇生物转化活性筛选实验。结果:从健康杜仲的根、茎、叶中分离获得52株内生真菌,属于2纲,2目,4科,10属。其中有4株内生真菌对异甜菊醇具有生物转化活性,分别为交链孢霉Alternaria sp.EL3、瘤座霉Tubercularia sp.ER3、镰孢霉Fusarium sp.EL7及青霉Penicillium sp.ES2。结论:杜仲内生真菌多样性丰富,部分内生真菌对异甜菊醇具有生物转化活性,具有很好的研究和应用价值。     

分光光度法测定杜仲雄花中总黄酮的含量

目的:建立杜仲雄花中总黄酮的含量测定方法.方法:采用可见分光光度法,选用测定波长500 nm,以芦丁为对照品.结果:芦丁在7.6～38 g/L范围内线性关系良好,r=0.996 1.样品液Al3+络合后1 h内稳定,平均加样回收率为101.15%,RSD为1.87%,符合要求.结论:该方法操作简便,灵敏度高,重复性好,...