胎儿卵巢组织培养与冷冻保存

对人胎儿卵巢的组织培养、冷冻保存后再复苏培养,以观察胎儿卵巢培养前后的形态学变化、培养时雌激素产生的能力以及冷冻保存对胎儿卵巢形态发育及内分泌功能的影响。结果表明:在体外培养条件下,胎儿卵巢的卵泡不仅可以维持培养前的良好形态,而且能够进一步发育成熟;培养时具有雌二醇分泌能力。冷冻保存对胎儿卵巢的卵泡发育和雌二醇分泌功能没有明显影响。提示:将中期引产胎儿卵巢冻存起来,建立“胎儿卵巢库”,可解决临床卵巢移植的供需矛盾。     

白血病抑制因子调节胚胎发育与着床的研究进展

白血病抑制因子(Leukemia inhibitory factor,LIF)是参与调节胚胎着床过程的重要的细胞因子之一,尽管如此,LIF及其受体在不同种属动物中的表达又不完全相同,孕酮和雌激素对其分泌的调节作用在不同种属动物之间、体内外之间,甚至于同种动物也都不完全一样。LIF调节着床机理的研究正日益受到广泛的重视。     

山东省首例体外受精、胚胎移植成功报告

１９９４年初我校妇产科学教研室引进了体外受精－胚胎移植（ＩＶＦ－ＥＴ）术,１９９５年１月５日山东省首例“试管婴儿”在山东省立医院出生。作者详述了实施ＩＶＦ－ＥＴ的经过。此项技术的应用成功为开展生殖生理学、遗传学和优生学研究及临床应用奠定了基础。     

自体颅骨深低温保存再植修补与有机玻璃修补的对比研究

目的 :通过深低温冷冻自体颅骨瓣与有机玻璃修补颅骨缺损的对比分析 ,探讨自体颅骨瓣经深低温冷冻再植修补的优点和完善措施。方法 :对 3 5例患者行自体颅骨瓣深低温冷冻后再植修补其颅骨缺损 ,通过皮下积液及感染发生率、大体观察、X线检查、组织病理学变化、平均手术时间等方面研究 ,并与同期 4 6例采用有机玻璃修补颅骨缺损的患者做对比。结果 :自体骨瓣深低温冷冻保存后再植修补明显优于有机玻璃修补 (P <0 0 1 )。结论 :深低温冷冻保存自体骨瓣修补颅骨缺损具有诸如形态上符合头部生理、皮下积液及感染机会少、尤其适用于儿童、可明显缩短手术时间等优点 ,其社会效益和经济效益很大。     

Ovarian tissue grafting: Lessons learnt from our experience with 55 grafts

Purpose

Uncertainties remain regarding the clinical efficacy of ovarian tissue cryopreservation and grafting. We report a retrospective analysis of reproductive outcomes and lessons learnt following 55 ovarian tissue transplant procedures at our center from 2006 to 2019.

Methods

We analyzed variables related to graft success such as tissue volume, follicular density, total follicular volume, and age on the duration of graft function.

Results

Follicular density and total follicular volume correlate positively with duration of graft function. All clinical pregnancies in our cohort occurred in women who were aged 35 or less at the time of ovarian tissue cryopreservation.

Conclusion

Graft success, as determined by eventual pregnancy and the longevity of graft function, may be impacted by factors including age at cryopreservation, follicular density, and total follicular volume.

     

人类胚胎冻存技术的初步研究

研究了不同冷冻与复苏方法以及不同移植周期法对人类胚胎冻存结果的影响。共复苏了１４９ 个胚胎,８９ 个（５９．７％ ）得以存活。在２０ 个移植周期中,５ 例（２５．０％ ）获得临床妊娠,２ 例已经分娩健康的婴儿。结果表明,采用缓慢降温至－ １２０℃再浸入液氮中冷冻及快速升温、逐步置换冷冻保护剂的方法复苏,胚胎的存活率（７２．７％ ）较高,但不同移植周期对冻胚移植的临床妊娠情况影响不大     

一种胚胎移植新方法的建立

在转基因动物制作中胚胎移植是一个关键性技术。胚胎的输卵管移植相比子宫移植来说,可以避免在体外较长时间培养,但从输卵管伞部移植卵又常常不可避免地因囊膜开口而不同程度的出血,而且由于伞口部位置较隐蔽,移卵时技术难度大要求高。因此．我们尝试在囊膜外靠近壶腹部附近开口于输卵管,将卵直接移入壶腹部,卵移行至子宫发育。此技术非常简单易行,有助于提高转基因动物的制作效率。     

3种低温保存板层角膜移植材料的电镜观察

评价低温保存板层角膜移植材料的效果。方法将１５只人尸角膜分三组保存２年：４℃甘油脱水法,角膜液氮冷冻法,全眼球液氮冷冻法。并做透射电镜观察。结果第一组中,角膜胶原纤维排列紊乱,疏松,缺乏连续性,可见广纤维变性,纤维间可见极低电子密度灶。     

Embryotoxicity of chromium: Distribution in pregnant mice and effects on embryonic cells in vitro

The embryonic and fetal uptake of Na₂ ⁵¹Cr₂O₇(Cr VI) was about 10 times higher than that of ⁵¹CrCl₃(Cr III) when these two were given in the same doses i. v. to pregnant C57BL mice. On day 13 of gestation, embryonic concentrations were 12% (Cr VI) and 0.4% (Cr III) of the maternal serum concentration 1 h after injection to the mother. After injection of Cr(III) radioactivity was not detectable in embryonic structures in early gestation, when autoradiographic techniques were used. In late gestation, administration of both forms of Cr resulted in an accumulation in the calcified areas of the fetal skeleton. The radioactivity after administration of Cr(VI) may represent Cr(III) after reduction in the tissues. When added to chick limb bud mesenchymal cells in vitro, Cr(VI) inhibited chondrogenesis at a concentration of about 0.1 g/ml medium, which is around 1/10 of the embryonic concentration achieved after giving teratogenic doses to pregnant mice. Cr(III) on the other hand did not show any overt cytotoxicity even at 15 g/ml ( 500 times higher than the in vivo embryonic concentrations after teratogenic doses). Especially Cr(III) accumulated strongly in the visceral yolk sac, probably after binding to and transport by maternal serum proteins. The possibilities that Cr(III) excerts its teratogenic action by inhibiting embryotrophic nutrition is discussed.     

控制性超排卵长、短方案在IVF-ET中的疗效比较

目的:比较促性腺激素释放激素激动剂(GnRHa)长、短方案控制性超排卵在体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)中的疗效。方法:将2001年7月-2002年4月因双侧输卵管梗阻IVF-ET的患者100人随机分为长方案组(50人)和短方案组(50人)进行超排卵。长方案组从使用促性腺激素(Gn)治疗前1月经周期黄体期(月经21天)使用GnRHa 0.3mg/d,至垂体完全降调节后加用Gn;短方案组从月经周期第2天开始用GnRHa0.1mg/d,同时加用Gn。当患者有3个以上卵泡直径>18mm时肌肉注射人绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG),36小时后取卵行IVF,取卵48小时后行ET。结果:两组患者平均获卵数、受精率、卵裂率、优质胚胎率、移植胚胎数、临床妊娠率、胚胎种植率及流产率差异无显著性。而两者的Gn使用量有差别,短方案组少于长方案组,两组差异有显著性。两组用Gn第7天雌激素水平不同,短方案组明显高于长方案组,两者差异有显著性。结论:GnRHa长、短方案在IVF-ET中控制性超排卵效果相同,但所需Gn数量不同。