丁苯酞软胶囊治疗基底动脉尖综合征的疗效观察

目的 观察丁苯酞软胶囊治疗轻、中度基底动脉尖综合征的临床疗效.方法 将60例轻、中度基底尖动脉综合征患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组各30例.对照组予以常规治疗,治疗组在常规治疗基础上加用丁基苯酞软胶囊口服,疗程为14d.采用NIHSS评分与BI评分评价治疗前,治疗后第7天和第14天两组的神经功能与日常生活能力.结果 治疗后两组的NIHSS评分显著降低,BI评分显著增高(P＜0.05).治疗组在治疗后第7天和第14天的NIHSS评分明显低于治疗前及对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);在治疗后第7天和第14天的BI评分则明显高于治疗前及对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 丁苯酞软胶囊治疗轻度中度基底动脉尖综合征具有较好的临床疗效.     

戒烟对老年中、重度慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的康复效果研究

目的 探讨戒烟结合肺康复训练对老年中、重度慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的康复效果.方法 将60例有中-重度吸烟史的老年中、重度COPD住院患者分成戒烟治疗组(30例)和一般对照组(30例).治疗组除采用常规临床治疗和肺康复治疗外,还采用全面戒烟措施.对照组采用非戒烟治疗.治疗前、后两组均采用BODE评分评定患者康复情况.结果 治疗前两组的BODE评分 差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).治疗3个月后,康复治疗组的BODE评分明显降低.与自身治疗前及对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 采用强制戒烟措施结合呼吸康复训练,能显著降低老年中、重度COPD患者的BODE评分,改善COPD患者的呼吸困难症状,提高生存质量.     

Excellent Results and Minimal Complications of Total Hip Arthroplasty in Sickle Cell Hemoglobinopathy at Mid-Term Follow-Up Using Cementless Prosthetic Components

The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes of cementless primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) in sickle cell patients compared to the remaining cohort of osteonecrosis patients who did not have this disease. Thirty-two sickle cell patients (42 hips) who had a mean age of 37 years and mean follow-up of 7.5 years (range, 5–11 years) were compared to 87 non-sickle cell osteonecrosis patients (102 hips) who had mean age of 43 years and mean follow-up of 7 years (range, 3–10.5 years). Outcomes evaluated included implant survivorship, Harris hip scores, complication rates, radiographic outcomes, and Short Form-(SF-36) health questionnaire. There were no significant differences in aseptic implant survivorship (95 vs. 97%), Harris hip scores (87 vs. 88 points), SF-36 score, or radiographic findings between the two patient cohorts. In light of these findings, we believe that the outcomes of THA improved in sickle cell patients with optimized medical management and the use of cementless prosthetic devices.     

Mortality Risk Factors and Validation of Severity Scoring Systems in Critically Ill Patients with Acute Renal Failure

Background. Risk stratification and prediction of outcome in acute renal failure patients in the intensive care unit are important determinants for improvement of patient care and design of clinical trials. Methods. In order to identify mortality risks factors and validate general and specific predictive models for acute renal failure (ARF) patients in the intensive care unit (ICU), 324 patients were prospectively evaluated. Multivariate analysis by logistic regression was utilized for identification of mortality risk factors. Discrimination and calibration were used to evaluate the performance of the following models at referral to nephrologist and at initiation of renal replacement therapy: APACHE II, SAPS II, LODS, and ATN-ISI. Organ failure was assessed by SOFA and OSF. Results. The hospital mortality rate was 85%. The identified mortality risk factors were: age ≥ 65 yr, BUN ≥ 70 mg/dL, ARF of septic origin, and previous hypertension. Serum creatinine ≥ 3.5 mg/dL, systolic blood pressure ≥ 100 mm Hg, and normal consciousness were associated with mortality risk reduction. Performance of all prognostic models was disappointing with unsatisfactory calibration and underestimation of mortality on the day of referral to the nephrologist and at initiation of renal replacement therapy. Conclusions. Cross-validation of prognostic models for ARF resulted in poor performance of all studied scores. Therefore, a specific model is still warranted for the design of clinical trials, comparison of studies, and for prediction of outcome in ARF patients, especially in the ICU.     

Community-acquired pneumonia

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common inflammatory process contained within the lungs in response to infection with non-hospital pathogens. Full resolution usually occurs with appropriate antimicrobial therapy. A significant proportion of patients develop severe CAP where there is failure to contain the local immune response. These patients can develop septic shock requiring admission to the intensive care unit. The CURB65 severity score is a rapid, objective way of predicting mortality and can be used to guide site of care decisions in conjunction with clinical assessment. Microbiological investigation of severe CAP permits pathogen-specific antibiotic therapy and provides epidemiological data. Complications include parapneumonic effusions and empyema. Outcome from severe CAP can be improved by prompt antibiotic therapy.     

血小板数量动态变化对脓毒症预后预测价值的初步探讨

摘要：目的　探讨血小板数量动态变化对脓毒症28 d病死率的预测价值。方法　回顾性研究2018年1月—2019年12月我院重症监护病房（ICU）连续收治的脓毒症患者,采集入ICU后14 d内血小板计数（PLT）动态数据。以第7天PLT较基线降低幅度大于20%为标准定义进行性血小板减少（PTCP）,绘制ROC曲线评价PTCP和序贯器官衰竭（SOFA）评分对脓毒症28 d病死率的预测价值。应用Logistic回归分析脓毒症28 d病死率的危险因素。采用Kaplan-Meier法对合并与未合并PTCP患者进行生存分析。结果　148例脓毒症患者纳入研究,死亡组30例,生存组118例,28 d病死率20.3%。与生存组相比,死亡组SOFA评分、高值D-二聚体（hD-dimer）占比、TCP、PTCP发生率显著升高（P＜0.01）。入院5 d后死亡组PLT呈进行性下降趋势,第7、10、14天生存组PLT高于死亡组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。PTCP、SOFA以及两者联合预测脓毒症死亡风险的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.683、0.691及0.778。Logistic回归显示,PTCP是脓毒症28 d死亡独立危险因素（P＜0.01）。Kaplan-Meier生存分析显示,合并PTCP时28 d生存率明显降低（P＜0.01）。结论　PTCP是脓毒症28 d死亡的独立危险因素;PTCP对脓毒症28 d病死率有一定预测价值,联合基线SOFA评分可提高预测效能。     

黄藤素分散片联合替硝唑治疗慢性盆腔炎的临床研究

目的探讨黄藤素分散片联合替硝唑治疗慢性盆腔炎的临床疗效。方法选取2015年10月—2016年10月三门峡市中心医院进行治疗的慢性盆腔炎患者92例,根据治疗方案分为对照组(46例)和治疗组(46例)。对照组静脉滴注替硝唑氯化钠注射液,1支/次,2次/d。治疗组在对照组的基础上口服黄藤素分散片,4片/次,3次/d。两组均连续治疗2周。治疗后,观察两组患者临床疗效,同时比较治疗前后两组患者临床症状评分、血清细胞因子水平及不良反应情况。结果治疗后,对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为80.43%、97.82%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)和可溶性细胞黏附因子-1(s ICAM-1)水平均较治疗前明显降低,IL-4水平明显增高,同组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);且治疗组上述血清细胞因子水平显著优于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者临床症状评分均较治疗前明显降低,同组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);且治疗组临床症状评分低于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组均无明显不良反应发生。结论黄藤素分散片联合替硝唑治疗慢性盆腔炎效果显著,可明显改善患者临床症状和细胞因子水平,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。     

鼻渊通窍颗粒联合匹多莫德治疗儿童过敏性鼻炎的临床研究

目的研究鼻渊通窍颗粒联合匹多莫德治疗儿童过敏性鼻炎的临床疗效。方法选取2015年2月—2017年2月海口市中医医院收治的86例过敏性鼻炎患者,随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组各43例。对照组口服匹多莫德口服液,1支/次,2次/d。治疗组在对照组治疗基础上口服鼻渊通窍颗粒,15 g/次,3次/d。两组均连续治疗3个月。观察两组的临床疗效,比较两组治疗前后临床症状积分、屋尘螨变应原的血清特异性IgE滴度、鼻腔气流、鼻孔解剖区面积及血清细胞因子的变化情况。结果治疗后,对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为81.40%、93.02%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组临床症状积分、吸气相和呼气相气流阻力、Der p1和Der p2血清特异性IgE滴度均较治疗前显著降低,鼻孔解剖区面积明显升高,同组治疗前后差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后,治疗组患者临床症状积分、吸气相和呼气相气流阻力、Der p1和Der p2血清特异性IgE滴度显著低于对照组,鼻孔解剖区面积高于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组IL-10、IL-8和sICAM-1均较治疗前显著增加,同组治疗前后差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,治疗组IL-10、IL-8和sICAM-1显著高于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论鼻渊通窍颗粒联合匹多莫德治疗过敏性鼻炎具有较好的临床疗效,可明显缓解过敏性鼻炎的临床症状,降低鼻腔气流阻力,降低过敏性IgE抗体效价,有效缓解炎症反应,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。     

舒血宁注射液联合阿托伐他汀治疗老年慢性硬膜下血肿的临床研究

目的探讨舒血宁注射液联合阿托伐他汀治疗慢性硬膜下血肿的临床疗效。方法选取2016年1月—2017年1月在天津医科大学总医院滨海医院治疗的慢性硬膜下血肿患者76例,依据治疗方案的差别分为对照组(38例)和治疗组(38例)。对照组口服阿托伐他汀钙片,20 mg/次,1次/d。治疗组在对照组的基础上静脉滴注舒血宁注射液,20 mL加入5%葡萄糖溶液250 mL,1次/d。两组患者均治疗30 d。评价两组患者临床疗效,同时比较治疗前后两组患者CSS和ADL评分以及血肿量和血清学指标。结果治疗后,对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为81.58%、97.37%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组CSS评分与血肿量均显著降低,ADL评分升高,同组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);且治疗组CSS和ADL评分及血肿量均显著优于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)、脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)水平显著降低,同组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);且治疗组上述血清学指标明显低于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论舒血宁注射液联合阿托伐他汀治疗慢性硬膜下血肿临床疗效显著,可有效改善神经功能和促进血肿吸收,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。     

胆清胶囊联合熊去氧胆酸胶囊治疗胆囊结石的疗效观察

目的探讨胆清胶囊联合熊去氧胆酸胶囊治疗胆囊结石的临床效果。方法选择2016年3月—2017年8月中国医科大学附属盛京医院收治的126例胆囊结石患者,随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组各63例。对照组口服熊去氧胆酸胶囊,250 mg/次,1次/d。治疗组在对照组基础上口服胆清胶囊,3~5粒/次,3次/d。两组均连续治疗2个月。观察两组的临床疗效,比较两组治疗前后中医症状积分、结石直径、VAS评分的变化情况。结果治疗后,对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为76.19%、93.65%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组右上腹疼痛评分、不思饮食评分、恶心呕吐评分、口苦咽干评分、总评分均显著降低,同组治疗前后差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后,治疗组右上腹疼痛评分、不思饮食评分、恶心呕吐评分、口苦咽干评分、总评分均显著低于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组结石直径均明显缩小,VAS评分均明显降低,同组治疗前后差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后,治疗组结石直径、VAS评分均显著低于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论胆清胶囊联合熊去氧胆酸胶囊治疗胆囊结石具有较好的临床疗效,可显著降低中医症状积分,缩小胆囊结石体积,缓解腹痛,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。