不同性别偏执型精神分裂症患者的护士观察量表评定结果及护理对策

目的　探讨护士观察量表在对不同性别偏执型精神分裂症患者制定护理对策中的应用价值。方法　用护士观察量表对男女 2组偏执型精神分裂症患者进行评定 ,对照分析 2组间的因子分及问题条目。结果　共完成病例10 0例 ,男女各 5 0例 ,2组患者的社会能力、激惹、迟滞、精神病、抑郁 5个因子差异具有显著性意义 ;条目分析 ,男性组问题少 (6个 )而集中 (归于社会兴趣与个人整洁 2个因子 ) ;女性组问题多 (12个 )而分散 (归于社会兴趣、迟滞、个人整洁、激惹和社会能力 5个因子 )。结论　护士观察量表可为临床护理工作提供量化、客观的观察指标。不同性别偏执型精神分裂症患者应采用不同的护理对策。     

基层医院基础护理操作中存在的问题及对策

目的提高基层医院临床基础护理操作水平。方法通过探讨基层医院基础护理操作中存在的问题,提出管理和培训对策并加以实施。结果临床基础护理操作达到医院分级管理标准。结论健全教学管理组织,打破传统的质量控制方法;加强对掌握规范操作重要性的认识;改进培训方法;补充新知识、引进新思维等是提高基层医院临床基础护理操作水平的重要举措。     

前馈控制与护理安全盲点关系的研究

目的:应用前馈控制管理理论、方法,以减少或避免护理安全隐患的发生,以保证病人的安全。方法:以分析我院近3年护理缺陷原因为基础,对我市426名三级甲等医院在职护理人员进行护理安全影响因素认知程度的问卷调查,并采用SPSS10.0软件进行资料处理。结果:护理管理的主观因素对护理安全的影响认知程度最高。病房环境因素对护理安全的影响未被临床护理人员重视。年龄及工作年限与护理人员对影响护理安全的某些因素的认同程度呈负相关。结论:护理管理者要重视护理工作中的安全管理,确保护理安全。(P<0.01)     

儿童外伤性白内障50例临床分析及护理

[目的]通过对儿童外伤性白内障围术期相关护理因素的分析,确定患儿的心理特征及健康需求。[方法]对不同年龄段患儿采用了不同的护理措施。[结果]通过对外伤性白内障患儿的护理,使之能最好的配合手术,50例儿童外伤性白内障手术前后矫正视力比较,差异具有统计学意义(χ2=32.29,P<0.05)。[结论]采用针对性的围术期护理措施,是取得良好治疗效果保障之一。     

Evaluation of the driving ability in disabled persons: a practitioners' view

Purpose and methods. The purpose of this paper is to present, on the basis of four genuine cases from the Rehabilitation Research Unit of Oulu University, the theoretical frame in which evaluations of driving ability of disabled persons can be made.

Results. First, it is not the operations with the control devices but the correct mental actions which the driver carries out with the help of the control devices which are crucial for safe driving. Second, driving ability is only partly a biomedical object of research and one ought to avoid an excessive medicalisation of an evaluation of driving ability. Third, the driver meets traffic situations not by his or her separate biological or psychological functions, such as vision, attention, memory, thinking, motives, but as an integrated whole, as a personality.

Conclusions. By its complexity an evaluation of driving ability can be compared to an evaluation of working capacity where often a multidisciplinary team is needed. When evaluating driving ability we have to take a step from low-level motor operations towards high-level mental actions, from the measurement of acuity of eyesight towards the testing of the flexibility of perception, from the diagnosis-based evaluation to the patient-based evaluation, from using the common pencil - paper tests towards the traffic-related task-specific tests and from the testing of separate single general non-driving-related factors towards an evaluation of the theoretically based driving performance as whole.     

接诊成批特重烧伤病人的护理管理

[目的]探讨接诊成批特重烧伤病人的护理管理方法。[方法]回顾总结2000年1月—2006年2月收治的8批42例特重烧伤病人的护理管理方法。[结果]8批42例病人中,38例病人通过治疗痊愈出院,4例病人因多器官功能衰竭抢救无效死亡。[结论]充分做好病人入院前的准备,合理组织分工,严密观察和处理病人是成功接诊成批特重烧伤病人的关键。     

住院儿童精神分裂症患者家属健康教育需求调查

目的：探讨住院儿童精神分裂症患者家属对健康教育知识的需求，为临床护理工作实施健康教育提供依据，指导患儿的全面康复。方法：采用问卷调查法调查了30例住院患儿的一级亲属。调查问卷分A、B两部分，A部分为患儿和家属的一般资料，B部分为家属健康教育知识需求评估表共5个主题。结果：问卷的5个主题中，家属认为疾病相关知识的需求最重要。结论：对儿童精神分裂症患者家属健康教育内容的选择及优先次序方面有一定的指导作用，有利于制定有个性化、针对性强的健康教育计划，提高患儿及家属对治疗和服药的依从性，有利于患儿的康复。     

Better late than never? An evaluation of community nursing services for children in the UK

• ? The development of community nursing services for children in the UK was first suggested by Platt in 1959; until recently, however, such services have been rare and children have spent many unnecessary and potentially traumatic days in hospital.
• ? This paper considers the development of community nursing services for children in the UK.
• ? It identifies factors which have promoted the growth of these schemes, and examines the effectiveness of services from professional, managerial and economic perspectives.
• ? The viewpoint of the consumer – the child and family themselves – is also considered.