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111.
112.
监狱犯人早年父母教养方式的调查研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的调查并研究监狱犯人早年的父母教养方式与正常人群早年的父母教养方式的差异,监狱犯人早年父母教养方式的一致性。方法通过80名监狱犯人对早年父母教养方式的回忆,采用父母教养方式量表(EMBU)进行评定。结果父亲对犯人的各因子及母亲对犯人的各因子分别与中国常模比较差异均具有显著性;父母教养方式具有显著的不一致性。结论监狱犯人的父母对子女的早年教养方式与正常人群不同。 相似文献
113.
Hirokazu Tsukahara Masahiro Hiraoka Masanori Kurivama Masakazu Saito Kiyoshi Morikawa Mitsuhiko Kuroda Toshiro Tominaga Masakatsu Sudo 《Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)》1993,7(2):199-201
Urinary 1-microglobulin (U-A1M) was measured in healthy term infants on days 1, 4, 7, 14, 28, 90 and 180 of life. U-A1M was high until day 14 and declined thereafter. It was significantly correlated with urinary 2-microglobulin (U-B2M) throughout the study, but not with serum A1M on days 1 or 7. Similar to U-B2M, U-A1M in the clinically stable term infants with intrauterine growth retardation (n=4–7) was not elevated on days 1–7. In the sick infants who needed immediate resuscitatio at birth (n=4–8), U-A1M as well as U-B2M was high on days 1–7 and then decreased to normal levels, suggesting that U-A1M can be used as a sensitive marker of acute proximal tubular damage and its recovery. These observations indicate that U-A1M is a useful index of proximal tubular function in early infancy. 相似文献
114.
2型糖尿病尿5种蛋白联合检测的临床意义 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的 :了解 2型糖尿病尿 5种蛋白变化的临床意义。方法 :对 2 0 4例 2型糖尿病患者和 44例正常对照者(C组 )同时进行 2 4h尿Alb、Trf、IgG、RBP、NAG(分别简称UAE、UTE、UIE、URBPE及UNAGE)、尿糖排泄 (UGE)和肌酐清除率 (Ccr)的检测。根据 2 4hUAE分为 3组 :正常白蛋白尿组 (Ⅰ组 ) ;微量白蛋白尿组 (Ⅱ组 )及大量白蛋白尿组(Ⅲ组 )。结果 :(1) 2 0 4例中 ,微量和大量白蛋白尿发生率为 41 2 %和 7 8% ,与C组相比 ,Ⅱ组Ccr略降低 (P >0 0 5 ) ,Ⅲ组Ccr明显降低 (P <0 0 5 ) ;(2 )UTE在 3组患者中均与UAE呈显著相关 ;UIE在Ⅲ组与UAE明显相关 ;UNAGE在Ⅱ组与UAE明显相关 ;(3)URBPE增高的发生率在Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组分别为 11 5 %、42 9%和 75 %。结论 :不同分子量尿多种蛋白联合检测对糖尿病肾脏病变的早期发现和定位有较大的价值 相似文献
115.
116.
目的 分析1990—2010年中国15~19岁女性青少年结婚和生育的地区不平等性。方法 利用1990—2010年三次全国人口普查汇总数据,计算中国15~19岁女性青少年的已婚率和生育率。将各省份人均国内生产总值(gross domestic product,GDP)作为社会经济发展水平指标,计算女性青少年已婚率和生育率的不平等绝对指数(slope index of inequality,SII)和集中指数(concentration index,CI),并建立线性回归模型衡量已婚率和生育率与人均GDP的关联。结果 1990—2000年,全国15~19岁女性的已婚率从4.7%下降至1.2%,但在2010年反弹至2.1%。生育率从1990年的22.0/1 000人下降至2000年的6.0/1 000人,2010年进一步下降为5.9/1 000人。1990年,15~19岁女性青少年已婚率和生育率地区层面的社会经济不平等性不具有统计学意义(SII和CI均P>0.05)。SII分析显示,2000和2010年,人均GDP最低人群的已婚率比最高人群分别高2.4%(95%CI:0.4~4.4)和2.3%(95%CI:0.3~4.2)。与此同时, 2000年和2010年人均GDP最低人群的生育率比最高人群分别高12.9/1 000人(95%CI:5.4~20.5)和9.3/1 000人(95%CI:4.6~14.0)。已婚的CI值在2000年和2010年分别为-0.32(P=0.02)和-0.17(P=0.03), 生育的CI值在2000年和2010年分别为-0.37(P<0.01)和-0.26(P<0.01)。2000年,人均GDP上升100%,已婚率平均下降1.4%(95%CI:0.1~2.7),生育率平均下降7.9/1 000人(95%CI:2.9~12.8)。2010年,人均GDP上升100%,已婚率平均下降1.5%(95%CI:0.1~2.9),生育率平均下降6.7/1 000人(95%CI:3.2~10.1)。结论 2000年和2010年存在女性青少年早婚早育地区层面的社会经济不平等性,生活在经济发展水平较低的女性青少年更容易早婚早育;减少收入不公平、增加对贫困地区的教育投资可能是改善早婚早育地区不平等的有效措施。 相似文献
117.
The purpose of this study was to define the treatment of choice (partial laryngectomy vs radiotherapy) in the early stage of supraglottic squamous cell cancer (ESSC). One hundred and fifteen patients with ESSC were treated with either partial laryngectomy (25 patients) or with radiotherapy(90 patients) between January 1984 and December 1996. All patients had a follow-up of over ¶29 months. Radiotherapy (RT) had a local control rate of 79%, which increased to 90% with salvage surgery, and a high larynx preservation rate (83%). Partial laryngectomy (PL) offered a better initial local control rate of 84%, which increased to 88% with salvage surgery, and functional results were also good (80%). No statistically significant differences were found between RT and PL. RT was less costly, showed better suitability for treatment, produced moderate morbidity and sequelae, and local recurrence was easier to rescue. However, it is a once-only application technique. PL showed higher immediate postoperative morbidity, higher cost and lower suitability for treatment but had fewer sequelae, offered the best initial local control and is multi-applicable. No clear oncological arguments were found in our series to define whether PL or RT is the treatment of choice for ESSC. Both are effective therapies. Secondary factors such as suitability for treatment, morbidity, cost and applicability should be individually evaluated when choosing the type of treatment. As the laser endoscopic approach decreases morbidity and costs and makes the condition more suitable for treatment, it could be the treatment of choice for ESSC, in cases where local tumoral extent and larynx exposure allow radical excision. 相似文献
118.
电生理学检查对慢性酒精中毒性周围神经病的早期诊断价值 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的:通过对慢性酒精中毒患者做电生理学检查,以及早发现无自觉症状期的周围神经损害;方法:对64例慢性酒精中毒患者行常规肌电图检查与神经传导速度测定;结果:发现在慢性酒精中毒性周围神经病无临床自觉症状时,肌电图与神经传导速度均可出现异常改变;结论:提示肌电图与神经传导速度可作为早期诊断慢性酒精中毒性周围神经病的有效诊断方法。 相似文献
119.
Graham C. Smith Michael H. Winterborn Christopher M. Taylor Nigel Lawson Mark Guy 《Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)》1994,8(2):148-150
Retinol-binding protein (RBP) is a low molecular weight protein freely filtered at the glomerulus. The fractional tubular reabsorption of RBP is 99.97% and increased excretion is therefore a sensitive marker of tubular dysfunction. We obtained early-morning urine specimens from 151 well children, from newborn to 16 years of age. RBP was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, albumin by a radioimmunoassay and creatinine by a modified Jaffé reaction. Protein excretion was assessed by calculating the protein: creatinine ratio for early-morning urine samples. We found a fall in both RBP and albumin excretion with increasing age, particularly in the 1st year of life, with a much wider variation in values from the infants studied. The mean excretion of RBP for children aged 0–6 months [51.4 (0.6–4,719) g/mmol] was significantly higher (P<0.001) than the mean for children aged 6 months to 16-years [15.0 (3.8–60) g/mmol]. It has been shown that measurement of tubular proteinuria using the RBP: creatinine ratio is useful in the assessment of children with renal disease and we propose a value two standard deviations above the geometric mean for the age of the patient as an upper limit of normal. 相似文献
120.
Sex selection may be inadvertently performed in in-vitro fertilization--embryo transfer programmes 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
Tarin Juan J.; Bernabeu Rafael; Baviera Amparo; Bonada Maria; Cano Antonio 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1995,10(11):2992-2998
The present study aims to ascertain whether sex selection maybe inadvertently performed in human in-vitro fertilization (IVF)and embryo transfer (IVF-embryo transfer) programmes when selectingfor high quality embryos (those with the fastest cleaving ratesand/or the best morphology) at the fresh transfer cycle. Allpatients entering into the study were treated with gonadotrophinsafter pituitary suppression with gonadotrophin-releasing hormoneagonists (GnRHa) and had intrauterine embryo transfer on day2 post-insemination. These patients were retrospectively dividedinto three groups according to whether the difference in meannumber of cells between embryos transferred and all embryosavailable for transfer in a given cycle was less than (negativeselection), equal to (no selection) or greater (positive selection)than zero. In cycles resulting in singleton births, the sexratio of the resulting babies was significantly (P 0.005) shiftedtoward the female (88.8%) and to the male (90.0%) in the negativeand positive selection groups respectively. No shift in sexratio was observed in cycles resulting in multiple births. Maternalage was another independent factor affecting sex ratio at birth.Sex ratio was significantly (P 0.05) skewed in favour of males(62.7%) and females (71.4%) in women <35 and 235 years ofage respectively. Maternal age, number of embryos transferredand the event of selecting or not selecting the slowest cleavingembryos for transfer were entered automatically in a three-groupdiscriminant model for distinguishing cycles resulting in onlyboys, both boys and girls, and only girls. These data suggestthat (i) sex selection may be inadvertently performed in IVF-embryotransfer programmes when selecting for high quality embryosat the fresh transfer cycles; (ii) human endometria may be favourable,indifferent or hostile to either fast cleaving or slow cleavingembryos depending on maternal age; and (iii) naturalsex selection may be performed for social, psychological ormedical reasons. 相似文献