Vaccination coverage rates for Diphtheria,Tetanus, Poliomyelitis and Pertussis booster vaccination in France between 2013 and 2017: Learnings from an analysis of National Health System Real-World Data

BackgroundMaintaining a high vaccination coverage rate (VCR) throughout the lifetime and complying with the National Immunization Program are essential to optimize the protection of the population. The study objectives were to evaluate the evolution of the VCRs and the compliance with the vaccination visits for the diphtheria, tetanus, poliomyelitis and pertussis boosters in France since the changes implemented in the 2013 National Immunization Program.MethodsCumulative booster VCRs were estimated at all vaccination visits, from 2013 to 2017, among persons eligible for a booster vaccination from a 1/97th random sample of French claims data. Broader age groups around the recommended ages by the vaccination schedule (6, 11–13, 25, 45, 65, 75, 85, 95y) were used: all persons aged 5 to 8, 10 to 15, 21 to 29, 41 to 49, 61 to 69, 71 to 79, 81 to 89 and 91 to 99.ResultsOver the study period, the diphtheria-tetanus-poliomyelitis booster VCRs increased, reaching in 2017: 73.3% at 8 years old, 75.6% at 15 years old, 46.6% at 29 years old, 38.4% at 49 years old, 36.3% at 69 years old, 30.8% at 79 years old, 22.1% at 89 years old and 11.0% at 99 years old. The pertussis VCRs were also increasing at all vaccination visits, in particular at the vaccination visits at 6 and 11–13 years old (from 16.4% to 63.8% and from 50.3% to 61.2%, respectively). Delayed vaccinations were observed at all vaccination visits.ConclusionVCRs for Diphtheria, Tetanus, Poliomyelitis and Pertussis booster vaccination increased from 2013 to 2017 while remaining suboptimal across all ages and lower in the adult populations. The analysis also shows that the introduction in 2013 of a pertussis vaccination at 6 years of age was relatively well-established in 2017 while other changes in recommendations were slowly or partially implemented.     

应用时间序列统计方法分析广东省1984～1993年乙型脑炎季节性分布特性

对构成双向有序列联表时间序列数据的广东 1984～ 1993年 10年乙型脑炎 (乙脑 )逐月发病资料 ,应用游程检验和有序对数比检验两种不同统计方法进行季节性分布分析 ,获一致的统计结论 ,乙脑发病呈明显的一年一峰 ( 6月或 7月 )季节性周期 ,这对流行病学工作者掌握两种统计方法的基本原理和方法有一定帮助。     

淋病奈瑟菌对9种抗生素敏感性试验的研究

目的：为掌握淋病奈瑟菌对药物的敏感谱,并为临床抗生素治疗提供科学依据。方法：采用纸片扩散法对从临床标本中分离出的１０５株淋病奈瑟菌进行药敏试验。结果：丁胺卡那霉素、卡那霉素、壮观霉素、利福平、头孢唑啉、头孢三嗪对淋病奈瑟菌的敏感率分虽为：７０．４８％、６４．７６％、６２．８６％、５７．１４％、４６．６７％、４４．７６％,而红霉素、四环素、青霉素对淋病奈瑟菌的耐药率分别达到：８３．８１％、８７．６２     

大肠杆菌与大肠菌群关系的实验研究

阐明大肠杆菌与大肠菌群的关系.中药中大肠杆菌与大肠菌群检出的对比实验和生化实验表明药品中大肠菌群检出率高于大肠杆菌,含生药原粉的中药制剂检出大肠菌群几率高,中药提取制剂和西药制剂检出机会少.大肠菌群包括大部分的大肠杆菌,不发酵乳糖的大肠杆菌,不属于大肠菌群;大肠菌群检验无法替代大肠杆菌检验.     

常用抗菌药物产生耐药性的研究分析

目的：本研究旨在了解治疗过程抗菌药物选择压力与细菌耐药性的关系。方法：研究对象分为两组：四个月内未使用过抗菌药物的健康成人１０２例为１组；两周内使用过抗菌药物的成人３２例为另１组。采用消毒棉签采集受试者肛拭标本，置卡里－布莱尔（Ｃａｒｙ－Ｂｌａｉｒ）培养基培养保存。药敏试验用标本直接涂布于麦康凯琼脂（ＭａｃＣｏｎｋｔｙＡｇａｒ）平板，作纸片药敏试验。肛拭标本在麦康凯琼脂平板作细菌分离，任选１０株进一步纯化，用ＭＨ琼脂平板作药敏试验。结果：使用抗菌药物组耐药株携带率对１２种常用药物中的８种均高于未使用组。使用抗菌药物组分离的大肠杆菌对１２种常用抗菌药物中的９种耐药率显著高于未使用组（Ｐ＜０．００５）。分离的大肠杆菌耐３种以上抗菌药物的多重耐药率，用药组与未用药组分别为６１．３％与２６．４％有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．００５）。结论：根据本研究我们认为抗菌药物选择压力是提高细菌耐药率的重要因素     

RASSF1A基因表达对肝癌细胞化疗药物敏感性的影响

目的:研究RASSF1A提高肝癌细胞化疗药物敏感性的作用。方法:通过脂质体介导的基因转染法将RASSF1A基因的真核表达载体及空载体转染肝癌细胞株QGY-7703,G418筛选稳定表达株,并以RT-PCR和Western Blot进行鉴定目的基因的表达。化疗药物阿霉素(ADM)、丝裂霉素(MMC)、鬼臼乙叉甙(VP-16)、5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)、顺铂(DDP)分别作用各细胞株后,检测各细胞株的生长抑制率。结果:经800μg/ml的G418最佳筛选浓度筛选QGY-7703细胞株,成功建立稳定表达RASSF1A基因的肝癌细胞株。以QGY-7703细胞为对照,MMC对表达RASSF1A基因的肝癌细胞的生长抑制率最大为21%。结论:RASSF1A基因的表达可明显提高肝癌细胞对MMC的敏感性。RASSF1A的表达不影响肝癌细胞QGY-7703对ADM、VP-16、5-FU和DDP敏感性。