我国中英文化学科技期刊的影响力评价指标分析与启示

【目的】 客观评估与分析我国中英文化学科技期刊在国内国际的影响力,并据此提出中国化学科技期刊现阶段发展的建议。【方法】 以中国16种SCI收录的化学期刊为样本,采用文献计量学方法分析其2011—2020年在JCR、CJCR、CSCD-JCR 3个数据库的定量指标,包括影响因子(Impact Factor,IF)、总被引频次(Total Cites,TC)、自(被)引率或他引率等。【结果】 JCR收录期刊的IF、 TC与自引率等数据反映出近10年来我国英文化学科技期刊国际影响力明显提升,中文科技期刊国际影响力略有提升。CJCR与CSCD-JCR收录期刊的相应指标反映出近10年来中文科技期刊在国内具有高影响力的优势在减弱,2016—2020年英文化学科技期刊国内影响力明显提升。【结论】 建议重视规划中文化学科技期刊的发展、优化现有英文化学科技期刊的结构以及新创办化学二级或交叉领域英文期刊以扩大该学科期刊方阵,促进我国中英文化学科技期刊全面深入的发展以及在国内国际的影响力大幅度提升。     

国产重组人促卵泡激素在辅助生殖技术控制性超促排卵的临床应用

目的评价国产重组人促卵泡激素(recombinant human follicle-stimulating hormone,rhFSH)用于辅助生殖技术(assisted reproductive technology,ART)控制性超促排卵(controlled ovarian hyperstimulation,COH)的有效性及安全性。方法本试验采用多中心、随机、双盲、阳性平行对照、非劣效研究方法,于2017年7月至2019年6月间选取6家生殖医学中心纳入卵巢储备正常的不孕女性进行ART的COH治疗。受试者随机分为试验组(国产rhFSH,n=134)和对照组(进口rhFSH,n=133),研究过程中因各种因素排除受试者共8例,试验组7例,对照组1例,最终依照研究方案完成试验的受试者试验组127例,对照组132例。比较两组受试者COH周期中获得的卵母细胞总数、rhFSH用药情况、卵母细胞受精率、优质胚胎数、临床妊娠率、活产率、新生儿情况及不良反应发生率等指标。结果试验组和对照组在COH周期中获得的卵母细胞总数分别为(13.0±5.8)枚和(12.9±5.7)枚,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);在82例卵胞质内单精子显微注射(intracytoplasmic sperm injection,ICSI)受试者中,试验组(39例)获得MII卵母细胞数[(9.9±3.9)枚]显著高于对照组(43例)[(7.5±3.0)枚,P=0.003];卵母细胞受精率试验组[63.82%(1048/1642)]显著高于对照组[56.19%(958/1705),P<0.001]。rhFSH用药时间和总量、优质胚胎数、临床妊娠率、早产率、活产率、新生儿异常发生率、新生儿体质量、Apgar评分等两组间差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05);治疗期间卵巢过度刺激综合征(ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome,OHSS)和其他不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05),且均为进口rhFSH已知的不良反应。结论在卵巢储备正常的不孕女性中使用相同卵巢刺激治疗方案,国产rhFSH有效性及安全性与进口rhFSH相当。     

Towards an integrated theoretical framework for understanding water insecurity and gender-based violence in Low-and middle-income countries (LMICs)

Disparities in access to basic needs and resources such as water is largely borne out of power imbalance across scale. In examining these power dynamics in the context of health inequalities, scholars have deployed Feminist political ecology analytical framework to situate gender and other forms of vulnerability as emerging from unequal power relations, and political ecology of health to emphasise the health implications of inherent relational power in the distribution of resources. Although appealing, the two theoretical frameworks over time have proven to be limiting in the study of intersectional vulnerabilities such as gender-based violence and water insecurity which reflect multiple dimensions of unequal power structures. This study expands the theoretical space for the study of inequalities in health geography by demonstrating the utility of incorporating feminist political ecology with political ecology of health to form an integrated theoretical framework – Feminist Political Ecology of Health (FPEH). This proposed theoretical framework gives guidance for engaging with a suite of questions and methods related to multifaceted problems such as water insecurity and gender based-violence. The paper highlights these theoretical issues and then discusses how FPEH can enrich research on water security and gender-based violence in Low-and middle-income countries (LMICs).     

湖南省孕产妇亲密伴侣暴力发生及影响因素研究

目的 了解孕产妇在孕前和妊娠期亲密伴侣暴力(intimate partner violence,IPV)的发生情况,探索和识别影响亲密伴侣暴力发生的因素。 方法 通过湖南省某妇幼保健院产科门诊招募孕妇进行问卷调查,内容包括一般人口学特征,家庭条件,妊娠经历,社会支持和亲密伴侣暴力经历。 结果 本次回收有效问卷510份,共113例(22.2%)孕产妇有遭受亲密伴侣暴力的经历,其中68例(13.3%)是在孕前发生的亲密伴侣暴力,45例(8.8%)是在妊娠期发生亲密伴侣暴力;就暴力类型而言,精神暴力发生率最高,有97例(19.0%),其次为躯体暴力有21例(4.1%),性暴力最少,有6例(1.2%)。多因素logistic回归分析显示有不良妊娠史是孕前亲密伴侣暴力发生的危险因素(OR=2.941,95%CI:1.574~5.494),而社会支持中主观支持是妊娠期亲密伴侣暴力发生的保护因素(OR=0.803,95%CI:0.722~0.893)。 结论 孕产妇遭遇孕前和妊娠期亲密伴侣暴力将影响孕产妇及婴幼儿身心健康,在母婴保健工作中应增加对妇女精神暴力伤害及孕产妇亲密伴侣暴力发生的关注,并及早识别受害者的暴力经历,从而采取早期干预措施。     

Administering the U.S. Family Violence Option: The role of stigma in waiver recommendations

The Family Violence Option (FVO) was designed to help survivors of domestic violence (DV) more easily secure income support in the United States (U.S.), without placing them at risk of further abuse. The objective of this study is to determine whether the decision-making of advocates responsible for determining waiver recommendations under the FVO is influenced by the relationship status of DV survivors. Recursive partitioning was used to analyse data from a sample of 237 survivor risk assessments from four New Jersey counties to determine which women receive waiver recommendations and which do not. Advocates completed risk assessments for the women and were instructed to make recommendations on waivers based on their assessment. Workers’ decision-making was examined using classification and regression trees (CART) to determine what case factors made it more or less likely for survivors to be recommended waivers. The CART results were supplemented with logistic regression analyses to ensure validity. For two of three waivers, survivors who reported currently residing with their abuser or who had ended the relationship recently were less likely to receive waiver recommendations than those who had been out of the relationship for a longer period of time (OR = 0.09–0.21), even when accounting for the type and severity of DV and the impacts of the violence on survivors’ mental health. The results indicate that DV advocates’ decision-making is complicated by factors independent of survivors’ case characteristics. This can affect the safety and well-being of women attempting to leave violent relationships by affecting their access to resources.     

Early childhood exposure to intimate partner violence and teen depression symptoms in the U.S.

Among the various negative outcomes of intimate partner violence (IPV) exposure to children, depression symptoms are worthy of attention given the effects on well-being and long-term achievement. This study examined the effects of early childhood exposure to IPV between ages 1 and 3 on depression symptoms at age 15 and investigated whether maternal physical punishment at age 5 and peer bullying victimisation at age 9 affected the association. Data came from five waves of the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study. The study was based on 20 U.S. cities with populations of over 200,000 people. The most recent wave of data collection occurs during the period between 2014 and 2017. The final analytic sample was 1,690 children. Structural equation modeling was utilised to examine the effects of exposure to IPV on physical punishment, bullying victimisation, and depression symptoms. Early exposure to IPV was associated with experiencing physical punishment at Year 5, which subsequently increased peer bullying victimisation at Year 9 and then depression symptoms at Year 15. Early exposure to IPV had a direct effect on depression symptoms at Year 15. Early exposure to IPV also had indirect effects on Year 15 depression symptoms through its effects on physical punishment and bullying victimisation. The total standardised effect of early exposure on depression symptoms was 0.06. Consistent with trauma theory and the ecobiodevelopmental framework, the results indicate that exposure to IPV appeared to have a long-term effect on children, manifested in teen depression symptoms.     

豫南农村地区青少年校园暴力状况及其与性取向的关联分析

目的 了解豫南农村地区青少年校园暴力状况及性取向对其的影响,为豫南农村地区青少年校园暴力和身心健康干预提供借鉴。方法 采用分层整群抽样的方法2019年在豫南农村地区对4214名青少年进行问卷调查。结果 豫南农村地区青少年遭受校园暴力的比例为50.65%。在不同年级、性别、父亲学历、母亲学历、学习成绩、性取向方面学生遭受校园暴力的比例相比较,差异均有统计学意义（〖XC小五号.EPS;P〗值分别为21.56、101.65、8.78、9.34、11.94、18.54,P＜0.01）。多因素logistic回归分析表明,同性恋（OR值为1.52,95%CI为1.01~2.28）、双性恋（OR值为1.69,95%CI为1.27~2.22）与青少年遭受校园暴力呈现正相关关系（P＜0.05或0.01）。结论 豫南农村地区青少年校园暴力状况不容乐观,应采取有效干预措施进行暴力行为的干预和引导,同时教导青少年理性面对同性恋或双性恋群体,减少或避免校园暴力的发生。     

国产曲唑酮治疗焦虑症的疗效分析

目的观察国产曲唑嗣对焦虑症的疗效。方法选择我院符合CCMD-3诊断标准的焦虑症病例90例（男27例，女60例，脱落3倒），随机分3组，每组30例，分别用国产曲唑酮100～200mg／d，po，阿普唑仑1．6mg／d，po，劳拉西泮2mg／d，po，共观察4周。结果国产曲唑酮组的总有效率基本与其他2组相仿（P〉0．05），仅第4周优于阿普唑仑组（P〈0．05）。HAMA减分率与第1周阿普唑仑组及各周劳拉西泮组差别元显著意义（P〉0．05），但与第2周、第4周阿普唑仑组比较差别有显著和非常显著意义（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。药物副作用少而轻，以胃肠道不适和困倦感为主，仅3例分别出现头痛、头晕伴烦躁不安、焦虑症状加重而退出实验。结论国产曲唑酮是有效的抗焦虑药物，且副作用小。     

灭鼠后家鼠数量恢复的研究

目的 :探讨灭鼠后家鼠数量恢复情况和规律 ,为制定灭鼠巩固措施提供依据。方法 :采用 0 .0 0 5 %溴敌隆毒米饱和投毒灭鼠 ,后逐月用粉迹法和笼夜法测定鼠密度。结果 :灭鼠较彻底、环境卫生条件好的住宅区 ,低鼠密度可保持 5～ 6个月 ,8个月后鼠密度即恢复到灭鼠前的水平。环境卫生差 ,鼠密度高的农村 ,仅通过毒鼠难以把鼠密度降到较低水平 ;即使通过连续灭鼠把密度大幅度降下来 ,但 1～ 2个月后又恢复至灭鼠前的水平。不同季节灭鼠效果有明显差异。结论 :灭鼠后家鼠数量恢复的速度与灭鼠率、环境卫生条件有关 ,即灭鼠率高、环境卫生条件好的恢复慢 ;否则 ,恢复快。农村灭鼠必须把毒鼠和改造环境结合起来 ,方能有效控制鼠害。