美德建设与制度完善的互补与共进——对医闹、暴力伤医等事件的再思考

改善医患关系,在制定、完善法律制度之外,还需医患双方的美德建设.这就需要：减少医患之间的利益冲突,重建亲密的信任与合作关系;加强医患沟通交流,减少医患认知差异和冲突;培育和提升医护人员的美德和职业精神;提高公民文化与道德素养,提高患者就医道德.     

我国乡村医生继续医学教育现状和需求调查

目的：本文通过对北京、浙江、山西、安徽、贵州和云南6个省市乡村医生的继续医学教育现状和需求进行分析,为提高乡村医生整体素质提出对策建议。方法：通过多阶段分层随机抽样,对相关人员进行问卷调查和个人深入访谈。结果：目前乡村医生继续医学教育虽然对提高乡村医生素质起到了一定的积极作用,但仍然面临着继续医学教育形式单一、培训与需求脱节、缺乏针对性等问题。结论：乡村医生继续医学教育要坚持以需求为导向,注重乡村医生整体素质的提高;同时要抓紧对乡村医生后续人才的培养。     

得气内涵的演变及其与气至、针感的关系

古今文献多以得气、气至与针感等概念来表述针刺感应,而对于三者含义的异同,有多种不同的认识。通过对相关文献的学习,分析了得气的内涵,及其与气至、针感的异同及关系。认为得气在不同历史时期有不同内涵,分广义和狭义。狭义得气是针灸治疗的前提,气至为广义得气,是治疗的最终目的;针感是针刺后机体的所有感觉。     

The influence of medical students’ and doctors’ attachment style and emotional intelligence on their patient–provider communication

Objective

Attachment style and emotional intelligence (EI) have been highlighted as potential factors influencing the variation in medical students’ and doctors’ patient–provider communication (PPC), particularly in relation to emotive issues. The objective of this review is to systematically review and synthesise the published literature relating to the influence of medical students’ and/or doctors’ attachment style and EI on their PPC.

Methods

Electronic and hand searches were conducted to identify all published literature relating to the aim of the review. Data were narratively synthesised.

Results

1597 studies were identified. 14 were included in the review, of which 5 assessed the influence of attachment style and 9 assessed the influence of EI on PPC. No studies assessed the impact of both attachment style and EI on PPC.

Conclusion

Whilst tentative links were found between both PPC and both attachment style and EI, heterogeneity in study design, predictor variables and outcome measures made drawing conclusions difficult.

Practice implications

More research is needed to assess the influence of both attachment style and EI on PPC.     

The good,the bad,and the contingency: How patients’ treatment verification behaviors are linked to doctors’ reactions

ObjectiveThis article introducesTreatment Verification Behavior (TVB) to conceptualize patient proactivity. The article also aims to examine doctors’ responses to patients’ TVBs.MethodsA doctor-patient paired, two-wave data set was collected from eight hospitals in North China. We collected data from 304 doctor-patient dyads with each doctor rating, on average, three inpatients.ResultsThe results show that when patients consulted their doctors about information regarding a diagnosis or treatment (i.e.,consulting TVB), it improved doctors’ perception of the patients’ ability, which further increased doctors’ work engagement. Alternatively, when patients challenged doctors about information regarding a diagnosis or treatment (i.e., challenging TVB), it induced doctors’ perception of threat but without significantly decreasing doctors’ work engagement. In addition, when doctors felt respected by patients, this feeling moderated the effects of patients’ TVBs on doctors’ reactions.ConclusionBoth the content (the “what”) and the manner (the “how”) of patients’ proactive communications with their doctors will influence doctors’ responses.Practice implicationsThese insights suggest that patient and doctor communication training should include components that address both the content and performance of communication.     

基于医生视角下网络环境对医患关系的影响研究

通过对医生群体的问卷调查,了解医生上网习惯情况、医生与患者的网络交流沟通情况、网络环境对医生实际诊疗的影响、网络环境下新闻媒体对医生的影响以及医生群体关于网络发展对医患关系影响的综合看法。指出了目前网络环境给医患关系带来的影响：互联网成为一些医生知识信息更新与积累的源地,网络成为一些医生与患者交流互动的重要平台,医生需要应对日益增多的“网络型”患者,医生对媒体负面报道的反应性出现转变。     

The impact of residents’ training in Electronic Medical Record (EMR) use on their competence: Report of a pragmatic trial

ObjectivesEven though Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) are increasingly used in healthcare organizations there is surprisingly little theoretical work or educational programs in this field. This study is aimed at comparing two training programs for doctor–patient–computer communication (DPCC).Methods36 Family Medicine Residents (FMRs) participated in this study. All FMRs went through twelve identical simulated encounters, six pre and six post training. The experiment group received simulation based training (SBT) while the control group received traditional lecture based training.ResultsPerformance, attitude and sense of competence of all FMRs improved, but no difference was found between the experiment and control groups. FMRs from the experiment group evaluated the contribution of the training phase higher than control group, and showed higher satisfaction.ConclusionWe assume that the mere exposure to simulation served as a learning experience and enabled deliberate practice that was more powerful than training. Because DPCC is a new field, all participants in such studies, including instructors and raters, should receive basic training of DPCC skills.Practice implicationSimulation enhances DPCC skills. Future studies of this kind should control the exposure to simulation prior to the training phase. Training and assessment of clinical communication should include EMR related skills.     

The Realm of Romantic Relational Functioning in Five-Factor Narcissism

This study aimed to examine whether the five-factor narcissism sub-scales predict incapacity to love. Through convenient sampling, The Capacity to Love Inventory (CTL-I) and The Five-Factor Narcissism Inventory-Short Form (FFNI-SF) were administered in a community sample using the online platform of Google forms. The present study consists of 428 participants (84.3% females and 15.7% males). Results revealed that Extraversion was the only factor of narcissism that positively predicted the total score of the capacity to love. Participants who scored higher in extraversion tend to score higher in Basic trust, Interest in the other, and Gratitude. While grandiosity negatively predicted interest in the other, Antagonism positively predicted this sub-scale and negatively predicted the common ego ideal. Vulnerability and Neuroticism were associated with more loss and mourning after the relationship is lost. It is noteworthy that neither of the five-factor narcissism sub-scales predicted the permanence of sexual passion. In conclusion, it seems evident that grandiosity is accounted for less interest in significant others, while extraversion is associated with more willingness to trust, engage, and love.