某汽车零部件有限公司职业病危害控制效果评价

目的识别、评价、控制建设项目可能产生的职业病危害,为卫生行政部门审批提供技术依据。方法依据《工业企业设计卫生标准》(GBZ12002)、《工作场所空气中有害物质检测采样规范》(GBZ159-2004),采用现场调查、现场检测、检查表、职业健康检查等方法对建设项目进行评价。结果该建设项目的选址、总体布局、生产设备布局、职业病防护措施、个人使用的防护设施、职业卫生管理、辅助用室等符合国家有关法规,该项目生产过程中产生的主要职业病危害因素有化学毒物、粉尘、噪声、高温、工频电场等。结论该项目的职业病危害控制措施有效、可行。     

大学学科创新生态系统的概念与特征

学科创新生态系统正在成为大学学科发展一种新的模式。本文通过对创新、创新生态系统、学科生态系统的分析,提出了大学学科创新生态系统的概念与特征。     

某兽用药业公司建设项目职业病危害预评价

目的识别、分析与评价某兽用药业公司拟建设项目可能产生的职业病危害因素及其防护措施的效果,判断该项目的可行性,为卫生行政部门审批该项目提供技术依据。方法选择与该建设项目类似工程作为类比项目,综合运用类比法、检查表法及经验法进行分析评价。结果该建设项目生产过程中存在煤尘、矽尘、药物粉尘、一氧化碳、二氧化硫、氮氢化合物、氢氧化钠、盐酸、硫化氢、噪声、高温等主要职业病危害因素。类比企业主要工作场所的尘、毒浓度及噪声强度检测结果,除个别检测点噪声强度超标外,其余为合格。该拟建项目属职业病危害一般的建设项目。结论该项Et采用了较为可行的职业病卫生防护措施,从职业病防治角度分析,该建设项目是可行的。     

某油田三元复合驱产能建设项目职业病危害预评价

目的识别、分析某油田三元复合驱产能建设项目拟采取的职业病防护设施是否符合要求及该建设项目的可行性。方法选择与该建设项目类似的类比现场进行类比调查,采用类比法与定量分级法相结合进行评价。结果该项目属职业病危害一般的建设项目;选址、总平面布置、生产工艺及设备布局合理,建筑物卫生学、拟采取的职业病防护设施设计、卫生辅助用室设施配置等符合国家卫生标准;该项目生产过程中可能产生的职业病危害因素有其他粉尘、非甲烷总烃、氢氧化钠、噪声和工频电场等。结论该建设项目拟采取的职业病防护设施基本符合国家职业卫生标准和卫生要求,从职业病预防角度考虑,该建设项目是可行的.     

Mothering: an unacknowledged aspect of undergraduate clinical teachers’ work in nursing

Clinical education is an important component of undergraduate nurse education, in which clinical teachers facilitate students’ application of theoretical classroom knowledge into the clinical practice setting. Mothering as part of clinical teachers’ work was a major finding from a larger study exploring clinical teaching work to identify what shaped their work and barriers to their work in clinical settings. The study used semi-structured interviews, informed by the work of Foucault. Maternal discourses emerged as a predominant one as participants presented their relationships with students describing examples of nurturing, protecting, supporting, guiding and providing discipline. The unexpected finding contradicted the dominant view of students as adult learners, and potentially positions them as dependent in their learning in clinical environments. Exploration of this discourse in the context of the study forms the basis of this paper. It is argued that the overall impact of maternal discourses on clinical teaching and learning is unclear but warrants more detailed investigation.     

Analyzing psychological conditions of field-workers in the construction industry

The Korean construction industry has experienced poor labor productivity and high accident rates. Previous studies have reported that workers’ mental health can cause negative impacts on work performance; thus, enhancing workers’ psychological conditions would help achieve more productive and safer workplaces. This research aimed to understand the level of psychological conditions of construction field-workers using four categories: (1) stress (occupational stress and stress-coping style), (2) personal temperament, (3) emotional disturbance (depression and trait anxiety), and (4) drinking habits. This research used validated questionnaires commonly used in the field of clinical psychology, surveyed 430 respondents from road, bridge, tunnel, subway, and apartment construction sites in Korea, and analyzed the overall psychological tendency of construction workers with the collaboration of professional clinical psychologists using the Z-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and cross-tabulation. The research also investigated how the mental conditions differed according to different working conditions, such as demographic information, employment status, work types, work experience, and wage conditions. The results indicated that construction workers suffer from a high level of stress and showed high inclination for problem-focused coping: impulsive, cautious, and dependent on other people. Two out of five construction workers suffer from depression and experience trait anxiety. More seriously, three out of five workers show alcohol-use problems that require clinical attention. This study also revealed the particular psychological problems that occur under different working conditions. The findings can be used to promote the awareness of the importance of construction workers’ mental well-being and to help in setting targets for improvement.     

Research on Fall Prevention and Protection from Heights in Japan

The high frequency of fall accidents is a serious problem in Japan. Thus, morestringent countermeasures for preventing falls from scaffolds were developed andincorporated into institutional guidelines. These countermeasures aim to decrease deathscaused by falls from scaffolds. Despite the improvements in such measures, however, therate of accidental fall deaths remains high in Japan’s construction industries. To improvethe rigor of the countermeasures, a committee was established in our institute by theJapan Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare. This committee investigated the regulationsapplied in other countries and evaluated construction industry compliance with existingfall prevention guidelines. After considerable research and discussion, the OccupationalSafety and Health Regulations and Guidelines were amended in 2009. The effects of theamended regulations have recently been investigated on the basis of accident reports. Thispaper describes the investigation and its results. The paper also discusses other researchand workplace safety countermeasures for preventing falls and ensuring fall protectionfrom heights.     

Fall Prevention Research and Practice: A Total Worker Safety Approach

Slips, trips, and falls (STF) represent a serious hazard to workers andoccupants in many industries, homes, and communities. Often, the cause of a STF incidentis multifactorial, encompassing human, environmental, and task risk factors. A STF-relateddisability can greatly diminish the occupational capability and quality of life ofindividuals in both the workplace and the home. Countering STF hazards and risks both onand off the job and on all aspects of control measures is a “total worker safety” matter,a challenging yet tangible undertaking. As the federal organization responsible forconducting research for the prevention of work-related injuries in the United States, theNational Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has been conducting researchon STF controls for some decades. Many NIOSH research outcomes have been utilized for STFprevention in workplaces, with potential for prevention in homes as well. This papersummarizes the concept of total worker safety for STF control, NIOSH priority researchgoals, major activities, and accomplishments, and some emerging issues on STF. Thestrategic planning process for the NIOSH research goals and some identified researchfocuses are applicable to the development and implementation of global STF researchgoals.     

中国卫生部门IHR(2005)公共卫生应急核心能力现状分析

目的：描述2012年中国部分地区《国际卫生条例（2005）》（International Health Regulations,IHR）（以下简称IHR）公共卫生应急核心能力建设现状,并分析其存在问题,从而提出相应的建议,为中国卫生部门IHR（2005）公共卫生应急核心能力建设提供参考。方法：采用分层抽样方法,选取中国7省、64地级市及140县（市、区）,分析省、市、县（市、区）级卫生部门IHR（2005）公共卫生应急核心能力要求的监测、应对、风险沟通、准备、实验室能力、感染控制以及物资和经费支持能力建设情况。结果：IHR（2005）公共卫生应急核心能力指标在中国具有一定的适用性;IHR（2005）公共卫生应急核心能力缺乏制度建设;省、市、县（市、区）三个层级在公共卫生应急核心能力方面呈逐级递减趋势。结论：加强IHR（2005）公共卫生应急核心能力的制度建设;重点支持县（市、区）级IHR（2005）公共卫生应急核心能力建设;加强IHR（2005）公共卫生应急核心能力指标中薄弱环节的建设;加强IHR（2005）公共卫生应急核心能力对中国适用性的研究。