Independent Community Pharmacists' Perspectives on Compounding in Contemporary Pharmacy Education

Objectives

To identify compounding practices of independent community pharmacy practitioners in order to make recommendations for the development of curricular objectives for doctor of pharmacy (PharmD) programs.

Methods

Independent community practitioners were asked about compounding regarding their motivations, common activities, educational exposures, and recommendations for PharmD education.

Results

Most respondents (69%) accepted compounding as a component of pharmaceutical care and compounded dermatological preparations for local effects, oral solutions, and suspensions at least once a week. Ninety-five percent were exposed to compounding in required pharmacy school courses and most (98%) who identified compounding as a professional service offered in their pharmacy sought additional postgraduate compounding education. Regardless of the extent of compounding emphasis in the practices surveyed, 84% stated that PharmD curricula should include compounding.

Conclusions

Pharmacy schools should define compounding curricular objectives and develop compounding abilities in a required laboratory course to prepare graduates for pharmaceutical care practice.     

凹凸棒对中药水煎液中绿原酸及牛蒡苷的吸附作用考察

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基于Excel VBA的标准曲线加权回归

目的编制标准曲线加权回归程序。方法运用Excel VBA编制标准曲线加权回归的程序。结果相关数据处理结果表明该程序计算结果准确、使用方便。结论该程序对生物样品分析很有帮助。     

碘化铯非晶硅平板探测器的原理及应用

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Dysprosium‐sensitized chemiluminescence system for the determination of enoxacin in pharmaceutical preparations and biological fluids with flow‐injection sampling

A novel trivalence dysprosium(Dy³⁺)‐sensitized chemiluminescence method was developed for the first time for the determination of enoxacin (ENX) using flow‐injection sampling based on the chemiluminescence (CL) associated with the reaction of the Dy³⁺‐cerium(Ce(IV))‐S₂O₃^2?‐ENX system and the Dy³⁺‐MnO₄^? S₂O₃^2?‐ENX system. The analytical conditions for CL emission were investigated and optimized. The relationship between the CL intensity of ENX and its concentration has good linearity, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9984–0.9994. The limit of detection (LOD, 3σ) was 0.20 ng/mL for the Dy³⁺‐ENX‐S₂O₃^2?‐Ce(IV)‐H₂SO₄ system and 0.22 ng/mL for the Dy³⁺‐ENX‐S₂O₃^2?‐MnO₄^?‐HNO₃ system. The relative standard deviation (RSD, n = 11) was 1.8% for 11 determinations of 60 ng/mL ENX. The proposed method was applied to the analysis of ENX in injections, serum and urine samples with a recovery of 98%–105%. A possible mechanism for this sensitized CL reaction is discussed by comparing the CL spectra with the fluorescence emission spectra. The proposed method represents a wide linear range, high sensitivity and accuracy, and can be used for the routine determination of ENX in pharmaceutical preparations and biological fluids. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

医药工业洁净室（区）悬浮粒子测试方法的探讨

目的通过探讨医药工业洁净室（区）悬浮粒子测试方法,提出用移动巡检的方法来解决工作实践中测试结果出现假阴性判断的情况,为有关工作提供参考。方法按GB/T16292-1996医药工业洁净室（区）悬浮粒子测试方法进行检测,有测试结果出现假阴性判断的情况,结合国内外悬浮粒子测试经验,探讨医药工业洁净室（区）悬浮粒子测试的方法。结果与结论在面积较大、狭长的乱流洁净室（区）,悬浮粒子测试用移动巡检的方法,结果更有代表性,较能真实反映洁净室（区）的悬浮粒子状况。     

基层医疗机构开展临床药学工作的实践与思考

目的阐述基层医疗机构开展临床药学工作的重要性。方法简要分析了基层医疗机构临床药学工作的现状,阐述了开展临床药学的重要性与必要性。结果与结论提出基层医疗机构开展临床药学工作,要建立临床药师机制,强化用药跟踪指导机制,优化信息服务机制,积极延伸药学服务触角,严格药物不良反应监测,着力当好临床用药参谋。     

关税降低对于中国医药企业的影响及引申意义

目的研究WTO关税降低对于中国医药企业的影响和引申意义。方法随机抽取15家上市公司和中国最大的3家医药企业与国际标准进行比对。结果中国公司相较于外国公司对于关税的变化和市场价格的波动更为敏感。发现并且分析医药企业非主营业务的泡沫,比如在金融市场的投资。最后,介绍并讨论研发利润这个概念。结论为了更好的评估企业的运营和对关税等外在因素的影响,在中国市场,引进研发利润这个概念用来替代最传统的利润率作为对企业和管理人员的评估是非常必要的。     

数字证书在医院信息化中应用现状

电子病历系统作为医院信息化的核心要件之一,使用时必须建立一套高度可靠的安全机制.采用基于数字证书的电子签名,能够有效解决电子病历的机密性、安全性、完整性以及不可抵赖性,同时能够大大节约成本、提高工作效率、加快对患者的处理速度,从而提高医院的服务质量.     

动态数字摄影诊断早期食管癌

目的探讨早期食管癌的动态数字摄影诊断。方法回顾性分析经手术病理证实的早期食管癌动态数字摄影双对比食管造影照片。结果80例早期食管癌动态数字摄影双对比造影表现：（1）颗粒状充盈缺损;（2）食管偏心性狭窄;（3）粘膜扭曲、分叉;（4）食管双边影;（5）斑片状龛影;（6）局限性管壁增厚。结论动态数字摄影对早期食管癌的发现、定位、定性具有重要价值。