Pineal atrophy and other neuroendocrine and circumventricular features of the naked mole-rat,heterocephalusglaber (Rüppell), a fossorial,equatorial rodent

Summary Quantitative aspects of the microanatomy of the pineal gland and other neuroendocrine and circumventricular structures were studied in a small, reproductively suppressed, female Naked Mole-rat from central Kenya, Africa. The atrophic pineal is the smallest in absolute size (0.002135 mm³) of any so far described in a species of rodent, and in size relative to body weight is second only to that of another tropical species. The subcommissural organ and posterior collicular recess are also relatively small and less well differentiated than those in most other examined rodent species. In contrast, the subfornical organ, OVLT and median eminence are large and well vascularized. It is concluded that the pineal in this species follows the previously described trend among rodents of relatively smaller size in species whose centers of distribution are in lower latitudes. Although the pineal is atrophic, the Naked Mole-rat still exhibits 24-hour and seasonally timed patterns of behavior and seasonal reproduction. However, in this species these events are probably cued by moisture, temperature and social factors rather than by photic information.     

水前房角镜学的使命

水前房角镜学是新建的眼科学的一个分野,为眼科疾患病人服务是她的使命。水前房角镜学的最大优点是其含金量能百分之百地转化为读者的受益。     

重症心脏瓣膜置换术的体外循环管理

目的:回顾性总结重症心脏瓣膜病置换术体外循环经验.方法:105例重症心脏瓣膜病患者,使用stockerⅢ型心肺机及膜式氧合器,体外循环中采用中度低温,预充白蛋白并附加人工肾超滤,心肌保护用高钾含血停搏液灌注.结果:105例患者均顺利脱机,无1例死亡.体外循环时间60～180 min,主动脉阻断时间60～120 min,所有患者均顺利脱离体外循环,心脏自动复跳86例,电击19例.结论:手术中加强心肌保护,可减低手术后的功能衰竭和并发症,并可有效提高手术成功率.     

益气温阳活血方对急性心肌梗塞模型大鼠左室重构的影响

目的:观察益气温阳活血方对心肌梗塞模型大鼠左室重构的影响。方法:结扎冠脉前降支造模,治疗组益气温阳活血方灌胃,治疗第8周后检测各组大鼠心脏重量指数、左室壁面积、左室腔面积、左室腔周长等。结果:中药组心脏重量指数、左室壁面积、左室腔面积、和膨胀指数均较模型组下降(分别为P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论:益气温阳活血方具有良好的防治心室重构作用。     

Comparison of characteristics of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma associated with head and neck cancer and those with gastric cancer

In ongoing reviews of 339 patients with surgically treated primary squamous cell carcinoma, there were 19 (5.6%) with concurrent gastric cancer and 11 (3.2%) with head and neck cancer. The incidences of intra-esophageal multiple occurrence of esophageal cancer are 27.3% and 26.3% in those with associated head and neck cancer and gastric cancer, respectively, and higher than 7.1% in those without such a concurrent cancer. There was no difference in the clinicopathological characteristics of those with concurrent head and neck and gastric cancers, except for the higher incidence of metachronous occurrence in the former. These findings suggest that, in cases of esophageal cancer associated with concurrent head and neck cancer and gastric cancer, intraesophageal multiplicity of the esophageal carcinoma is frequent and that preoperative serial evaluations is most important to design treatment and estimate the prognosis.     

Mental state,physical strength,intelligent cycle and their relationship with epilepsy

Patientsfeelimpatientbecausetheycouldnotpredicttheonsettimeofepilepsy．Ifonsettimeofepilepsycouldbepreciselypredicted，thendrugadministrationanddisabilityofpreventionwillbecomeavailable．In１８７９，Echevarrzafoundonsettimeofepilepsyisdistributedaccordingtosomerules．Inrecentyears，scientistsperformalotstudiesinvolvingcytologyandmolecularbiologyofepilepsy．Clinicaldataindicatedonsetofepilepsyhascloserelationwithbiologicalrhythmsuchasawakeandsleepcycleandmenstrualcycle．Theobjectiveofthisstudy…     

高脂血症患者血小板体积及有关参数的研究

本文报道242例高脂血症患者血小板(PLT)、平均血小板数(MPLT)及平均血小板体积(MPV)等参数的测定结果,其中高胆固醇并高甘油三酯患者,PLT、MPLT及巨大血小板比例(Macro-PLT)高于正常,MPV正常;而单纯高胆固醇或高甘油三酯患者,上述指标与正常人无显著性差异。提示高胆固醇并高甘油三酯患者,存在血小板生成动力学异常,其血小板的破坏增加,生成率加速、但处于一种高水平的动态平衡之中。这可能是高脂血症出现高凝状态的原因之一。同时表明此类患者使用抗血小板疗法具有一定的合理性和必要性。     

Gender Trends in Emergency Medicine Publications

Background In recent years, the number of women entering the field of emergency medicine (EM) has increased.
Objectives To determine if authorship in EM publications has increased in parallel with this trend.
Methods The gender of first and last authors of EM articles in Academic Emergency Medicine , American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Annals of Emergency Medicine , and Journal of Emergency Medicine were examined. The authors reviewed articles from 1985, 1995, and 2005 for American Journal of Emergency Medicine , Annals of Emergency Medicine , and Journal of Emergency Medicine and from 1999 and 2005 for Academic Emergency Medicine . The primary outcomes were the proportions of female authors.
Results A total of 2,016 articles were reviewed. Overall, 18% of first and last authors were female. Respectively, for 1985, 1995, 1999, and 2005, the proportions of female first authors were 9%, 15%, 19%, and 24%; the proportions of female last authors were 9%, 18%, 19%, and 22%. The trend of increases in female authorship was statistically significant.
Conclusions Although female authorship remains a minority in EM publications, it has increased significantly in parallel with increases in female participation in EM.     

Resilience in Families with Children and Adult Members with Intellectual Disabilities: Tracing Elements of A Psycho‐Social Model

Aim This paper seeks to illumine how families with children and adult members with intellectual disabilities manage to manifest a buoyant and durable capacity over time. It is therefore concerned centrally with the idea of resilience. Method Drawing from diverse theoretical literatures from child development and protection and gerontology, the paper begins with a review of constructions of resilience. In an attempt to assess where there seems to be support for resilience in families, the core of the paper tests empirical evidence about positive experiences of families supporting children and adults with intellectual disabilities against the theoretical literature on resilience. Result and Conclusions The findings are used to suggest conditions under which resilience is produced and maintained, and to identify emergent elements of a psycho‐social model of resilience in families with children and adult members with intellectual disabilities.     

摆动筛运动的数学分析

本文分析了摆动筛的运动规律,并计算了位移、速度和加速度,分析了筛面上颗粒物体的受力情况,可供设计、制造和使用作参考。