重力打击式小鼠外伤性视神经病变模型的建立及外伤性视神经病变发病机制的探讨

目的 通过建立重力打击式小鼠外伤性视神经病变模型探讨外伤性视神经病变的发病机制.方法 选取SPF级C57BL/6J成熟小鼠48只(96眼),均取小鼠左眼为实验眼进行造模,右眼为对照眼不做处理.采用重力打击建立小鼠外伤性视神经病变模型,造模后第1、3、5、7天对小鼠进行观察,每个时间点取6只小鼠进行闪光视觉诱发电位检查、...     

各向同性的3D T2 SPAIR SPACE序列在正常人肘部神经显像的应用

目的:观察磁共振3D T2 SPAIR (spectral adiabatic inversion recovery) SPACE序列在正常人肘部神经的显示情况,并观察其在不同人群中的显示差异?方法:在3.0 T MR下对64例正常人的2D FS-T2WI序列及3D T2 SPAIR SPACE序列平扫?对每个志愿者的3D T2 SPAIR SPACE序列的原始数据进行尺神经?正中神经及桡神经的曲面重建及最大密度投影重建,分别重建出矢状位及冠状位图像?分别统计3根神经的两种重建方法在上臂?肘关节及前臂的显示率?统计3根神经在2D FS-T2WI序列及3D T2 SPAIR SPACE序列上相对周围肌肉信号增高的比率? 结果:64例志愿者的尺神经?正中神经及桡神经在曲面重建上可以全部清晰显示?尺神经在上臂?肘关节及前臂的最大密度投影图像上的显示率分别为92%?83%?98%,正中神经在上臂?肘关节及前臂的最大密度投影图像上的显示率分别为81%?89%?80%,桡神经在上臂?肘关节的最大密度投影图像上的显示率分别为94%?95%?尺神经信号增高在2D FS-T2WI序列上为55%,而在3D T2 SPAIR SPACE序列上仅仅为30%?结论:3D T2 SPAIR SPACE序列对正常人的肘部神经显示效果好,对正常人尺神经信号增高显示更可靠?     

Outpatient Care: Planning a Satellite Laboratory for Ambulatory Patient Care

Peripheral neuropathy is a common consequence of diabetes that often results in loss of protective sensation. Early identification of this loss is critical to minimize secondary complications. The authors’ purpose was to assess the behavior patterns of physical therapists as to their opinions and behaviors related to sensory testing for individuals with diabetes. A questionnaire was sent to physical therapists across the United States with the following results: a high level of agreement concerning the benefits of sensory testing, but with a far less agreement as to the actual performance of sensory testing by those same physical therapists.     

PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY IN B6C3F1 MICE AND SD RATS INDUCED BY CHRONIC INTERMITTENT INSULIN HYPOGLYCEMIA

The effects of sustained insulin-induced hypoglycemia on peripheral nerves were examined in 9–10-week old female B6C3F1 mice and 9–10-week old female SD rats. Insulin was administered via osmotic minipumps at a dose of 81 IU/kg/day for 2 consecutive weeks. Mice and rats treated with this high insulin dose showed marked hypoglycemia, resulting in half the normal blood glucose level, hypothermia, impaired motor nerve conduction velocity, and an increased incidence of peripheral nerve lesions, consisting of nerve fiber degeneration characterized by irregular myelin sheaths and axonal atrophy.     

Systematic Reviews Published in the July 2012 Issue of the Cochrane Library

ABSTRACT

The Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews is published quarterly as a DVD and monthly online. The July 2012 issue (3rd DVD for 2012) contains 5131 complete reviews, 2235 protocols for reviews in production, and 18,306 short summaries of systematic reviews published in the general medical literature. In addition, there are citations of 674,000 randomized controlled trials, and 15,700 cited papers in the Cochrane methodology register. The health technology assessment database contains just over 11,000 citations. Eighty-six new reviews have been published in the last 3 months, of which six have potential relevance for practitioners in pain and palliative medicine. The impact factor of the Cochrane Library stands at 5.715. Readers are encouraged to access the full report for any articles of interest as only a brief commentary is provided.     

梅花针叩刺治疗脾肾两虚夹瘀型糖尿病周围神经病变的临床观察

目的：探讨梅花针叩刺治疗脾肾两虚夹瘀型糖尿病周围神经病变(DPN)的临床效果。方法：选取2015年2月至2018年1月广州市番禺区中医院收治的脾肾两虚夹瘀型DPN患者110例作为研究对象，随机分为对照组(n＝50)与观察组(n＝60)。对照组给予硫辛酸+甲钴胺治疗，观察组在对照组治疗的基础上给予梅花针叩刺治疗，2组均治疗观察28 d，记录并观察2组的疗效和预后。结果：观察组的总有效率为98.3%，显著高于对照组的88.0%(P<0.05)。治疗后2组的神经电图潜伏期低于治疗前，且波幅高于治疗前，2组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组治疗后正中神经和腓总神经的MNCV、SNCV高于治疗前，且观察组高于对照组，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后6个月随访，观察组的复发率为1.7%，显著低于对照组的14.0%，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论：梅花针叩刺治疗脾肾两虚夹瘀型DPN能改善神经功能指标，提高治疗效果，降低远期复发率。     

甲状腺相关眼病的影像学检查

甲状腺相关眼病(thyroid associated ophthalmopathy,TAO)是一种自身免疫性眼眶炎症性疾病,影像学检查是其重要的辅助检查手段。通过影像学检查能充分了解眶内病变,鉴别具有相似临床表现的眼眶疾病; 同时对TAO分期、辅助诊断压迫性视神经病变(compressive optic neuropathy,CON)也具有重要意义。     

糖尿病周围神经病变中医研究近况

糖尿病周围神经病变(DPN)是糖尿病常见的慢性并发症之一,其发病机制目前尚不明确,现在多认为主要是由代谢紊乱导致的氧化应激、血管性缺血缺氧、神经生长因子缺乏等。治疗应在血糖控制的基础上,应用改善微循环、营养神经、抗氧化、抑制山梨醇生成等药物,临床常采用中西医结合治疗。近年中医治疗DPN有了进一步发展,对于其中医病因病机、辨证分型、方药、作用机制等有了新的认识。