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111.
The scientific community is charged with growing demands regarding the management of project data and outputs and the dissemination of key results to various stakeholders. We discuss experiences and lessons from CONTRAST, a multidisciplinary alliance that had been funded by the European Commission over a 4-year period, in order to optimize schistosomiasis control and transmission surveillance in sub-Saharan Africa. From the start, project partners from Europe and Africa set out an ambitious goal: to sample data following standard protocols at all field sites and then sharing the data in a way that would enable all project partners to have access through a password-protected Internet-based data portal. This required anonymous agreement on several common standardized sample forms, ranging from the mundane but important issue of using the same units of measurement to more complex challenges, for instance agreeing on the same protocols for double-treatment of praziquantel in different settings. With the experiences gained by the CONTRAST project, this paper discusses issues of data management and sharing in research projects in the light of the current donor demand, and offers advice and specific suggestions for similar interdisciplinary research projects. 相似文献
112.
For psychiatric diseases, rich information exists in the serial measurement of mental health symptom scores. We present a precision medicine framework for using the trajectories of multiple symptoms to make personalized predictions about future symptoms and related psychiatric events. Our approach fits a Bayesian hierarchical model that estimates a population-average trajectory for all symptoms and individual deviations from the average trajectory, then fits a second model that uses individual symptom trajectories to estimate the risk of experiencing an event. The fitted models are used to make clinically relevant predictions for new individuals. We demonstrate this approach on data from a study of antipsychotic therapy for schizophrenia, predicting future scores for positive, negative, and general symptoms, and the risk of treatment failure in 522 schizophrenic patients with observations over 8 weeks. While precision medicine has focused largely on genetic and molecular data, the complementary approach we present illustrates that innovative analytic methods for existing data can extend its reach more broadly. The systematic use of repeated measurements of psychiatric symptoms offers the promise of precision medicine in the field of mental health. 相似文献
113.
Genes play an important role in several diseases. Hence, in biology, identifying relationships between diseases and genes is important for the analysis of diseases, because mutated or dysregulated genes play an important role in pathogenesis. Here, we propose a method to identify disease-related genes using MeSH terms and association rules. We identified genes by analyzing the MeSH terms and extracted information on gene-gene interactions based on association rules. By integrating the extracted interactions, we constructed gene-gene networks and identified disease-related genes. We applied the proposed method to study five cancers, including prostate, lung, breast, stomach, and colorectal cancer, and demonstrated that the proposed method is more useful for identifying disease-related and candidate disease-related genes than previously published methods. In this study, we identified 20 genes for each disease. Among them, we presented 34 important candidate genes with evidence that supports the relationship of the candidate genes with diseases. 相似文献
114.
Myocardial Fibrosis and Inflammation by CMR Predict Cardiovascular Outcome in People Living With HIV
《JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging》2021,14(8):1548-1557
ObjectivesThe goal of this study was to examine prognostic relationships between cardiac imaging measures and cardiovascular outcome in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLWH) on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).BackgroundPLWH have a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease and heart failure (HF) compared with the noninfected population. The pathophysiological drivers of myocardial dysfunction and worse cardiovascular outcome in HIV remain poorly understood.MethodsThis prospective observational longitudinal study included consecutive PLWH on long-term HAART undergoing cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) examination for assessment of myocardial volumes and function, T1 and T2 mapping, perfusion, and scar. Time-to-event analysis was performed from the index CMR examination to the first single event per patient. The primary endpoint was an adjudicated adverse cardiovascular event (cardiovascular mortality, nonfatal acute coronary syndrome, an appropriate device discharge, or a documented HF hospitalization).ResultsA total of 156 participants (62% male; age [median, interquartile range]: 50 years [42 to 57 years]) were included. During a median follow-up of 13 months (9 to 19 months), 24 events were observed (4 HF deaths, 1 sudden cardiac death, 2 nonfatal acute myocardial infarction, 1 appropriate device discharge, and 16 HF hospitalizations). Patients with events had higher native T1 (median [interquartile range]: 1,149 ms [1,115 to 1,163 ms] vs. 1,110 ms [1,075 to 1,138 ms]); native T2 (40 ms [38 to 41 ms] vs. 37 ms [36 to 39 ms]); left ventricular (LV) mass index (65 g/m2 [49 to 77 g/m2] vs. 57 g/m2 [49 to 64 g/m2]), and N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide (109 pg/l [25 to 337 pg/l] vs. 48 pg/l [23 to 82 pg/l]) (all p < 0.05). In multivariable analyses, native T1 was independently predictive of adverse events (chi-square test, 15.9; p < 0.001; native T1 [10 ms] hazard ratio [95% confidence interval]: 1.20 [1.08 to 1.33]; p = 0.001), followed by a model that also included LV mass (chi-square test, 17.1; p < 0.001). Traditional cardiovascular risk scores were not predictive of the adverse events.ConclusionsOur findings reveal important prognostic associations of diffuse myocardial fibrosis and LV remodeling in PLWH. These results may support development of personalized approaches to screening and early intervention to reduce the burden of HF in PLWH (International T1 Multicenter Outcome Study; NCT03749343). 相似文献
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余要勇 《中国地方病学杂志》2008,27(5)
目的 了解河南省安阳市降氟改水工程运行状况及水氟情况.方法 在安阳市的安阳县、滑县、内黄县、汤阴县4个地方性氟中毒(简称地氟病)病区,按照5个不同方位,采取整群抽样的方法抽取1/3的乡(镇),对被抽取乡(镇)的全部改水工程运行状况进行调查并检测运转正常的改水工程的水氟.结果 在安阳市4个病区县共调查472处降氟改水工程,其中正常使用工程占90.47%(427/472),报废工程占9.53%(45/472);检测427处改水工程的水氟,其中水氟合格工程占68.62%(293/427),水氟超标工程占31.38%(134/427);滑县报废工程数量较多.占41.00%(41/100),内黄县水氟超标工程数量较多,占70-39%(107/152).结论 安阳市滑县和内黄县降氟改水工程报废和水氟超标问题较严重,应认真分析原因,制订措施,指导全市降氟改水工作健康持续发展. 相似文献
117.
Sillanaukee P Kääriäinen J Sillanaukee P Poutanen P Seppä K 《Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research》2002,26(9):1359-1364
Background To study the occurrence and documentation of substance use related outpatient visits in specialized health care.
Methods The diagnosis recorded in retrospective discharge data in Tampere University Hospital for 6 years was compared with the prospective data gathered from separately completed forms added during an 8-week period to every outpatient's discharge data. In this form, the relation of substance use and the actual reason for the consultation were specifically elicited.
Results On the basis of diagnoses, retrospectively, 0.4% (6,666 of 1,555,898) of outpatient visits were caused by substance use. In the prospective part of the study, 5.6% of visits (1,401/25,014) were related to substance use. Retrospective study demonstrated 2% prevalence of substance use, whereas prospective study showed 36% substance use–related visits at the emergency room. According to the retrospective discharge data, alcohol-related organ damages were the major reason for substance use–related outpatient visits. In the prospective study, the proportion of acute traumas was most prevalent.
Conclusions Our study indicates that substance use–related visits often remain undetected in specialized health care. Substance use–related visits were underdocumented/undetected in the emergency room. Using a simple separate form could dramatically increase the detection of substance use–related visits. 相似文献
Methods The diagnosis recorded in retrospective discharge data in Tampere University Hospital for 6 years was compared with the prospective data gathered from separately completed forms added during an 8-week period to every outpatient's discharge data. In this form, the relation of substance use and the actual reason for the consultation were specifically elicited.
Results On the basis of diagnoses, retrospectively, 0.4% (6,666 of 1,555,898) of outpatient visits were caused by substance use. In the prospective part of the study, 5.6% of visits (1,401/25,014) were related to substance use. Retrospective study demonstrated 2% prevalence of substance use, whereas prospective study showed 36% substance use–related visits at the emergency room. According to the retrospective discharge data, alcohol-related organ damages were the major reason for substance use–related outpatient visits. In the prospective study, the proportion of acute traumas was most prevalent.
Conclusions Our study indicates that substance use–related visits often remain undetected in specialized health care. Substance use–related visits were underdocumented/undetected in the emergency room. Using a simple separate form could dramatically increase the detection of substance use–related visits. 相似文献
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