Respiratory symptoms associated with the use of azodicarbonamide foaming agent in a plastics injection molding facility

Respiratory health variables were studied cross-sectionally in 227 employees of a plastics molding facility where numerous complaints had been apparently associated with the use of azodicarbonamide foaming agent in injection molding. Pre- and postshift respiratory status measures and azodicarbonamide concentrations were also obtained for 17 employees. Cross-sectional pulmonary function differences by injection molding status were not observed. Modest decrements in pulmonary function measures were observed between start and end of shift but with no dose-effect relationship. A strong association was observed for injection molding workers for eye/nose/throat irritation, cough, and wheezing. Additionally, wheezing, chest tightness, and symptoms of chronic bronchitis were strongly associated with work in injection molding during periods in which azodicarbonamide was in use. These results suggest respiratory symptom causation by some combination of azodicarbonamide itself, reaction products of azodicarbonamide formed during injection molding, or other unidentified agents uniquely associated with the process of injection molding with azodicarbonamide foaming agent.     

膨胀型聚氨酯防火涂料阻燃机理的研究

用自制的新型成炭剂和聚磷酸铵复配作为聚氨酯防火涂料的阻燃体系。采用热失重分析、扫描电镜、红外光谱和元素分析等手段对膨胀型聚氨酯防火涂料的阻燃机理进行了较为深入的研究．     

淫羊藿总黄酮对肾上腺素β_1受体的特异性阻断作用

为探讨淫羊藿总黄酮（ＴＦＥ）对肾上腺素受体的作用，本实验用离体兔心房肌、主动脉及豚鼠气管观察了ＴＦＥ对肾上腺素全体的作用，结果ＴＦＥ（０．１３ｇ／Ｌ）抑制心房肌肌力和频率，并使异丙肾上腺素（ＩＳＯ）对心房肌正性频率作用的量效曲线平行右移，但无钙拮抗作用及Ｍ受体激动效应，且不影响ＩＳＯ对豚鼠气管条的负性肌力作用及去甲肾上腺囊（ＮＥ）对兔主动脉条的收缩作用。提示ＴＦＥ选择性阻断肾上腺素β_１受体。     

乐脂平治疗Ⅱ型糖尿病高脂血症的临床研究

观察了３０例伴有高脂血症的Ⅱ型糖尿病患者用小剂量乐脂平（５００ｍｇ／ｄ）治疗４周后血清脂质、脂蛋白的变化。结果：血总胆固醇、甘油三酯及极低密度脂蛋白—胆固醇水平较治疗前下降，高密度脂蛋白—胆固醇明显升高，血糖、血肌酐及血尿酸无明显变化。服用该药未观察到不良反应，提示乐脂平能较好地改善糖尿病患者的脂代谢紊乱。     

Hydrophobicity of β-adrenoceptor blocking agents: Study of correlations between retention in reversed-phase HPLC systems and octanol-water partition constants

The capacity factors (k′) of seven β-adrenoceptor blocking agents in six different reversed-phase HPLC systems have been determined. Octanol-aqueous buffer (pH 7.4) partition constants (P) for these blocking agents were also obtained. By using target factor analysis (TFA), good empirical correlations between the log k′ and log P were derived. The resulting hydrophobicity order agrees well with the metabolic elimination pathways of these drugs.     

人胎盘提取组织凝血活酶及其质量评价

利用人胎盘抽提得组织凝血活酶，并对其质量进行了评价，同时初步应用于临床。结果显示：用含表面活性剂的抽提剂粉碎抽提的效果较好，所得组织凝血活酶重复性、灵敏度、稳定性均令人满意；与上海荣盛生物制品厂生产的ＰＴ试剂盒比较相关性好：Ｙ＝２．７５＋０．９０５ｘ，ｒ＝０．９２５３，经相关系数ｔ检验，ｔ＝２６．５４６９，Ｐ＜０．００１，呈直线正相关。临床初步应用显示：肝病及抗凝治疗等病人ＰＴ时间明显延长，９３例正常人ｘ＝１１．３秒，ｓ＝０．９６秒，正常范围９．４２－１３．１８秒。     

碘油与不同栓塞剂组合对子宫肌瘤疗效的影响

目的研究以碘油为主组合不同栓塞剂型治疗子宫肌瘤的疗效。方法36例子宫肌瘤患者,随机分为3组,采用与碘油不同栓塞剂组合,行双侧子宫动脉栓塞(UAE)治疗。Ⅰ组碘油 无水乙醇;Ⅱ组碘油 平阳霉素;Ⅲ组碘油 平阳霉素 无水乙醇 明胶海绵粒。术后随访观察月经恢复情况、瘤体大小、有无并发症发生等。结果Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ3组UAE治疗后,子宫肌瘤缩小>50%分别为3、4、8例,Ⅰ、Ⅱ组间无显著性差异(P>0.05);Ⅰ、Ⅱ组与Ⅲ3组之间有显著性差异(P<0.05);Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ3组间并发症发生率无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论碘油与无水乙醇、平阳霉素、明胶海绵粒联合栓塞子宫肌瘤其疗效优于其它组合剂型。     

Quantifying the blood oxygenation level dependent effect in cerebral blood volume-weighted functional MRI at 9.4T.

In cerebral blood volume (CBV)-weighted functional MRI (fMRI) employing superparamagnetic contrast agent, iron dose and blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) contamination are two important issues for experimental design and CBV quantification. Both BOLD and CBV-weighted fMRI are based upon the susceptibility effect, to which spin-echo and gradient-echo sequences have different sensitivities. In the present study, CBV-weighted fMRI was conducted using spin-echo and gradient-echo sequences at 9.4T by systematically changing the doses of contrast agent. Results suggest that BOLD contamination is a significant component in CBV-weighted fMRI at high field, particularly when relatively low dose of contrast agent is administered. A mathematical model was developed to quantify the extravascular (EV) BOLD effect. With a TE of 35 ms, the EV BOLD effect was estimated to account for 76+/-12% of the observed spin-echo fMRI signal at 9.4T. These data suggest that correcting BOLD effect may be necessary for accurately quantifying activation-induced CBV changes at high field.     

Vascular PET Prostheses Surface Modification with Cyclodextrin Coating: Development of a New Drug Delivery System

PURPOSE: Cyclodextrins (CDs) are torus shaped cyclic oligosaccharides with a hydrophobic internal cavity and a hydrophilic external surface. We performed and analysed an antibiotic binding on Dacron (polyethyleneterephtalate, PET) vascular grafts, previously coated with CDs based polymers. METHODS: The CDs coating process was based on the pad-dry-cure method patented in our laboratory. The Dacron prostheses were immersed into a solution containing a polycarboxylic acid, a cyclodextrin and a catalyst, and placed into a thermofixation oven before impregnation with an antibiotic solution (Vancomycin). Biocompatibility tests were performed with L132 human epithelial cells. The antibiotic release in an aqueous medium was assessed by batch type experiments using UV spectroscopy. RESULTS: Viability tests confirmed that the CDs polymers coating the Dacron fibers were not toxic towards L132 cell. Cell proliferation was similar on coated and uncoated grafts. A linear release of Vancomycin was observed over 50 days. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate the feasibility of coating CDs onto vascular Dacron grafts. Biological tests show no toxicity of the different cyclodextrins coated. A linear release of antibiotics was depicted over 50 days, demonstrating that cyclodextrin grafting was an efficient drug delivery system.     

对药品市场营销中代理环节监督管理的思考

随着我国药品分销市场的对外放开,传统的批发零售经营方式发生了根本变化,代理配送制将成为医药流通的主要方式.药监工作人员要准确掌握药品分销市场的现状及发展趋势,抓好药品市场营销中代理环节的监督管理.