Plasma fibronectin in psoriatic arthritis subgroups

Summary Plasma from 38 patients suffering from one of the five broad clinical subgroups of Psoriatic Arthritis (PA) were studied for soluble plasma Fibronectin (pFn). The mean total concentration of pFn was 453.03g/ml ± 142.83 SD, with a significant statistical difference (p<0.01) versus a healthy control group matched with respect to sex and age. In order to evaluate the biological role that pFn might play in this pathological condition, observed concentrations were correlated with the degree and duration of the psoriasis and arthritis. In addition, pFn was correlated to some biohumoral parameters that are modified during inflammatory processes (ESR, CRP, sCu, sFe, Hb) and to uric acid levels. Tissue typing (HLA) was done where possible. From our observations, we suggest that pFn most likely is not an acute phase protein and rather than having specificity for a particular disease, might, in widespread and severe cases be,a general and useful marker of the connective-tissue organizing and repairing response, following its injury.     

Hyperosmolarity response of ocular standing potential as a clinical test for retinal pigment epithelium activity normative data

The standing potential of the eye is decreased by intravenous administration of hypertonic solutions. This hyperosmolarity-induced response has been recorded in normal subjects by the use of electro-oculography (EOG) in the dark. An intravenous administration of Fructmanit^® (1.4 × 10³ mOsmol) (150 500ml, 2.37 9.70ml/kg, 0.08 0.36 ml/kg/min) was used to evoke the hyperosmolarity response. The amplitude of the response was expressed in percentage, V₀ – V_min/V₀ × 100, where V₀ is the base value of the EOG before administration of the hypertonic solution and V_min is a minimum EOG amplitude after administration. The distribution of the amplitude of the hyperosmolarity response was approximated by the normal distribution in normal subjects. The minimum, the maximum, the mean and the standard deviation of the amplitude of the hyperosmolarity response were respectively 34.2%, 52.3%, 42.6% and 4.6% in normal subjects. The normal range of the hyperosmolarity response would be 33.4 51.8% (M ± 2SD). The hyperosmolarity response, which originates mainly in the retinal pigment epithelium, is a useful new quantitative and specific test of the activity of the retinal pigment epithelium in clinical practice.     

Hyperosmolarity response of ocular standing potential as a clinical test for retinal pigment epithelium activity rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

The hyperosmolarity response of the ocular standing potential was recorded in unilateral rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (8 eyes) and in the fellow healthy eye (8 eyes). The hyperosmolarity response was greatly suppressed (M-4 SD: M and SD indicate respectively the mean and the standard deviation in normal subjects) in all affected eyes (p < 0.005), and slightly abnormal in 2 fellow eyes. The L/D ratio was normal in 2 affected eyes and in all fellow eyes. The hyperosmolarity response in the affected eyes was still greatly suppressed 14 months after successful surgical treatment.     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定蜂蜜中氯霉素、甲砜霉素、氟甲砜霉素及甲硝唑

目的 建立蜂蜜中氯霉素、甲砜霉素、氟甲砜霉素及甲硝唑残留的高效液相色谱-串联质谱同时测定方法。方法 以乙酸乙酯作为提取剂,经涡旋混匀提取后,氮吹至干,用5%甲醇水溶解,Oasis HLB固相萃取柱净化。经甲醇洗脱,洗脱液经45℃水浴氮吹至干,流动相涡旋溶解,上机测定。高效液相色谱分离、串联质谱检测,采用多离子反应监测（MRM）模式,内标法定量。结果 在优化条件下,4种抗生素浓度在0.1～5.0μg/L范围内,线性关系良好,相关系数（r）≥0.9953,方法检出限≤0.015μg/kg,不同基质中平均加标回收率为78.5%～95.1%,相对标准偏差（RSD）为2.8%～10.7%。结论 该方法快速、灵敏、准确,适用于蜂蜜中氯霉素、甲砜霉素、氟甲砜霉素及甲硝唑的同时测定。     

PBL教学在中学生艾滋病教育中的探索应用

目的 探讨问题导向式学习(PBL)教学法在中学生艾滋病健康教育的应用效果,为拓展青少年艾滋病健康教育提供科学性参考。方法 随机选取本地区某中学初一年级2个班102名中学生,分别设置对照组与干预组,对照组采用传统课堂讲授法,干预组采用PBL教学法。干预前后采用同一问卷进行调查。结果 干预后,对照组仅在“艾滋病全称”等6项知识(χ2=6.029～9.434,P=0.004～0.028)的知晓率与“应将艾滋病病人进行隔离(χ2=17.275,P＜0.001)”、“应对艾滋病病人关心同情(χ2=5.696,P=0.017)”2个条目的态度正向率较干预前有所提高;干预组在各项知识知晓率与态度正向率较干预前均有所提高(χ2=3.840～23.520,P均＜0.001～0.05)。干预前,两组在知识知晓率及态度正向率方面的差异无统计学意义(P均＞0.05);干预后,干预组在“艾滋病的全称”等9项知识的知晓率均高于对照组(χ2=4.943～10.183,P=0.026～0.001),仅在“对艾滋病病人具有恐惧感”的态度正向率高于对照组(χ2=11.330,P=0.001)。结论 中学生艾滋病健康教育中,PBL教学法具有更好的教学效果,可以在传统课堂教授法的基础上结合运用。     

人际心理治疗48例有儿童期虐待史大学生的焦虑障碍效果分析

目的 研究儿童期创伤焦虑障碍大学生接受人际心理治疗(IPT)的效果。方法 将某高校心理健康咨询中发现的、符合研究标准的48例焦虑障碍大学生用抛币法随机分组,治疗组25例和对照组23例,对治疗组实施IPT,在入组时和治疗结束后分别对患者进行焦虑自评量表(SAS)、功能大体评定量表(GAF)、心理弹性量表(CD-RISC)、不安全感心理自评量表(SRFIS)和抑郁症状清单评估。结果 治疗因素和时间因素分别对焦虑自评分、抑郁清单总分、大体功能分、心理不安全感分和心理弹性分存在主效应作用(F=7.407～295.961,P<0.05),且治疗因素和时间因素存在交互作用(F=5.262～81.958,P<0.05)。相关分析发现,治疗后抑郁清单总分减少值、焦虑自评分减少值、大体功能分增加值分别与治疗后心理不安全感减少值、心理弹性分增加值呈正相关(r=0.456～0.894,P<0.05)。结论 IPT能够改善48名儿童期创伤焦虑障碍患者的焦虑抑郁症状和心理社会功能,病情的改善程度与患者心理不安全感的减轻和心理复原力的增强有关。     

腰硬联合麻醉与全麻对老年腹部手术患者术后短期认知功能的影响

目的 探讨腰硬联合麻醉(CSEA)与全麻对老年腹部手术患者术后认知功能的影响。方法 选取本院2018年5月—2019年5月收治的82例老年腹部手术患者,按随机数表法分为观察组和对照组,各41例。观察组应用CSEA,对照组则采用全身麻醉。比较两组的麻醉相关指标,术后6 h、12 h、24 h的精神功能状态以及患者术后短期认知功能障碍的发生率。结果 观察组麻醉起效时间(min)、完全清醒时间(min)分别为(8.19±1.04)、(28.67±5.60)与对照组的(10.17±2.12)、(37.25±6.12)比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组视觉模拟评分(VAS)(3.51±1.12)与对照组的(4.27±1.15)比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者术后6 h、12 h、24 h时的MMSE评分分别为(22.27±1.46)、(26.23±1.26)、(28.19±1.24),均高于对照组的(21.46±1.35)、(24.68±1.23)、(26.37±1.19)(P<0.05);观察组短期内POCD的发生率为4.88%,低于对照组的24.39%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 对老年腹部手术患者采用CSEA,不仅能缩短麻醉起效时间和完全清醒的时间,减轻疼痛,而且对患者精神功能的影响小,可有效减少短期内认知功能障碍发生率。     

某医学院校大学新生艾滋病知晓现状及相关因素的调查分析

目的 了解医学院校大学新生艾滋病知晓情况及影响因素,为今后高校开展大学生防治艾滋病健康教育提供参考。方法 对河南某医学院校大一新生进行艾滋病知晓情况调查,内容包括一般人口学特征、“艾滋病国八条”、其他艾滋病防治知识等。采用SPSS 21.0 软件对新生知晓情况进行统计描述,对影响新生艾滋病知识知晓率的因素进行单因素分析,采用 logistic 回归分析其知晓率的影响因素。结果 4 520名新生对“艾滋病国八条”以及其他艾滋病防治知识总体知晓率为69.8%。单因素分析结果显示:性别(χ2=120.733,P<0.001)、生源地(χ2=236.379,P<0.001)、专业类别(χ2=34.051,P<0.001)、父母学历(χ2=51.408,P<0.001)、是否有过性行为(χ2=5.409,P<0.05)、是否愿意在学校加入宣传艾滋病学生社团(χ2=29.679,P<0.001)、是否愿意在学校参加艾滋病相关讲座(χ2=15.735,P<0.001)、艾滋病在学生群体中的形势很严峻(χ2=114.371,P<0.001)等因素影响学生知晓率,差异有统计学意义。logistic逐步回归法结果显示:性别(OR=2.574)、生源地(OR=3.740)、愿意加入艾滋病学生社团(OR=1.643)、愿意参加艾滋病知识讲座(OR=1.288)是大学新生知晓艾滋病防治知识的促进因素。结论 医学院校大一新生对艾滋病防治知识知晓水平偏低,应结合新生的特点以及学校的优势,有针对性地开展艾滋病防治健康宣教,从而为高校艾滋病预防和控制工作提供参考。     

Using aggregated mobile phone location data to compare the realised foodscapes of different socio-economic groups.

The foodscape (the built food environment) is considered one of the driving factors of the higher burden of obesity and chronic disease observed in low socio-economic status (SES) groups. Traditional data collection methods struggle to accurately capture actual access and exposure to the foodscape (realised foodscape). We assess the use of anonymised mobile phone location data (location data) in foodscape studies by applying them to a case study in Perth, Western Australia to test the hypothesis that lower SES groups have poorer realised foodscapes than high SES groups. Kernel density estimation was used to calculate realised foodscapes of different SES groups and home foodscape typologies, which were compared to home foodscapes of the different groups. The location data enabled us to measure realised foodscapes of multiple groups over an extended period and at the city scale. Low SES groups had poor availability of food outlets, including unhealthy outlets, in their home and realised foodscapes and may be more susceptible to a poor home foodscape because of low mobility.     

Cordyceps militaris Fruit Body Extract Decreases Testosterone Catabolism and Testosterone-Stimulated Prostate Hypertrophy

The androgens testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) are essential for a variety of systemic functions in mature males. Alteration of these hormones results in late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) and benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). The fruit bodies of fungi of the genus Cordyceps have been regarded as folk medicine or health food with tonic and antifatigue effects. The extract from the fruit body of Cordyceps militaris parasitizing Samia cynthia ricini (CM) was evaluated as a novel-candidate natural product for ameliorating male andropause symptoms. To explore the effects of CM on LOH and BPH, CM was applied to rat models and cultured testicular cells and prostate cells. The concentrations of androgens in the serum and culture media were determined by ELISA. Expression of steroidogenic enzymes and androgen-related genes was evaluated by qPCR, and prostatic cell proliferation was assessed with the cell-viability assay. CM maintained the serum levels of testosterone and DHT, but inhibited testosterone-induced prostate hypertrophy. CM also increased the secretion of testosterone and DHT by primary testicular cells, with no changes in the mRNA expression of steroidogenic enzymes, but decreased the growth of prostatic cell lines. Our data suggest that CM could improve both LOH and BPH in males.