Mast cell stabilization and antihistaminic potentials of Curculigo orchioides rhizomes

Aim of the study

To investigate the mast cell stabilization and antihistaminic activities of the rhizomes of Curculigo orchioides (COR). Extract of Curculigo orchioides Gaertn. (Fam. Amaryllidaceae) has been reported to possess immunostimulant, and anti-inflammatory potentials. In Indian traditional system of medicine it is also used as anti-asthmatic and anti-inflammatory.

Materials and methods

Estimation of histamine release is key parameter for evaluating any target for its anti-allergic potential. The stabilization potential of the alcoholic extract of COR (100–400 mg/kg) against mast cell degranulation was studied on isolated mice peritoneal mast cells. The antihistaminic activity was performed by determining the mortality rate of mice upon exposure to compound 48/80 and effect on inhibition of histamine release upon degranulation.

Results

The raised number of intact mast cells intimates that the COR stabilized the mast cell degranulation (60.96 ± 1.96%) and percentage antihistaminic potential of the extract (63.58 ± 1.8 inhibition at dose of 400 mg/kg) and it virtues further work towards the isolation of phytoconstituents from this plant.

Conclusion

This finding provides evidence that COR inhibits mast cell-derived immediate-type allergic reactions and mast cell degranulation.     

仙茅随机扩增多态性DNA反应体系的优化

目的:对仙茅随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)反应体系进行优化筛选。方法:以仙茅基因组DNA为模板,通过单因子试验就RAPD反应体系中主要参数(Mg2+、dNTP、引物、模板、TaqDNA聚合酶)对扩增结果的影响进行研究,并找出各自的最适条件。结果:建立了适合仙茅RAPD分析的反应体系,即25μL反应体系中各组分的最适浓度分别为:1×PCRbuffer、2.0mmol·L-1Mg2+、200μmol·L-1dNTP、40ng引物、20ng模板、1IUTaqDNA聚合酶。结论:利用此优化反应体系对仙茅进行RAPD-PCR扩增,可得到清晰的图谱,证实了该体系稳定、可靠。     

仙茅苷对自由基的清除作用

目的研究仙茅(Curculigo orchioidesGaertn.)主要成分仙茅苷(curcu ligoside)对羟自由基和超氧阴离子自由基的清除作用。方法分别采用比色法及电子顺磁共振技术(ESR)测定仙茅苷对羟自由基和超氧阴离子自由基的清除效果。结果仙茅苷对羟自由基和超氧阴离子自由基均有良好的清除作用,其清除率略低于茶多酚。结论仙茅苷对自由基具有明显的清除作用,是一种有效的天然抗氧化剂。     

仙茅酒蒸炮制工艺研究

目的：优选酒蒸仙茅最佳工艺。方法：采用正交试验设计法,以加酒量、闷润时间、蒸制时间为考察因素,以仙茅苷、苔黑酚龙胆二糖苷、苔黑酚葡萄糖苷及醇溶性浸出物含量为考察指标,优化仙茅酒蒸炮制工艺。结果：仙茅酒蒸最佳工艺为取生仙茅饮片适量,置密闭容器内,加入黄酒（每100 kg饮片加入黄酒20 kg）拌匀,闷润1 h,置锅中蒸制1 h,取出放凉,50℃干燥。结论：优化所得酒蒸仙茅炮制工艺稳定可行,仙茅酒蒸后有效成分的含量高于仙茅生品和酒炙品,酒蒸工艺优于传统酒炙工艺。     

仙茅叶片的组织培养及其细胞学观察

目的通过对仙茅叶片组织培养的研究与细胞学观察,为仙茅的快速繁殖提供技术依据。方法将仙茅幼叶培养在MS培养基,通过设计不同的光照条件,附加不同的激素、水解酪蛋白和活性炭成分,调查出愈率和成苗率。细胞学观察采用石蜡切片法。结果对仙茅叶片的愈伤诱导,黑暗的效果好于光照;在所试验的培养基成分中,适宜的激素配比是2.0mg/L2,4-D或6-BA1.5mg/L 2,4-D2.5mg/L,并且附加300mg/L水解酪蛋白和0.2%活性炭,对于仙茅叶片的离体成苗较好;培养后,愈伤组织主要由叶片的中脉产生,位于中脉上表皮内侧的薄壁细胞首先启动分裂,随后维管束鞘薄壁细胞及其外侧的叶肉细胞也启动分裂,参与愈伤组织的形成。愈伤分化时,芽发生于愈伤组织的表面,根发生于愈伤组织的内部。结论可以通过仙茅幼叶的组织培养进行仙茅的快速繁殖。     

Anatomical,Phytochemical and Immunochemical Studies on Ligaria cuneifolia (R. et P.) Tiegh (Loranthaceae)

Ligaria cuneifolia (R. et P.) Tiegh (Loranthaceae) is an hemiparasite species widely distributed in several provinces of Argentina. It has been commonly used in folk medicine as a substitute of the European mistetloe (Viscum album L.) based on its putative depressive effect on high blood pressure. In this paper the anatomical features as well as micromolecular and macromolecular analysis of this species are reported. Anatomical study has shown that the main characteristic is the presence of crystalliferous branched stone cells in leaves and stems. The analysis of flavonoids showed that only glycosylated quercetin and proanthocyanidins (whose monomer is cyanidin) are present, indicating a distinctive metabolic pathway. SDS-PAGE analysis evidenced a protein pattern with components ranging from 14 to 90 kD molecular weights. Antiserum against Ligaria cuneifolia was prepared in mice and its immunogenic ability was evidenced by Ouchterlony and Western-blot assays. The results presented are part of a comprehensive ongoing project on Argentine hemiparasite species, which may also be applied to quality control of commercial samples in order to detect the substitution of Viscum album by Ligaria cuneifolia.     

高效液相色谱法测定仙茅中仙茅苷的含量

目的 :建立中药材仙茅中仙茅苷含量的反相高效液相色谱法。方法 :甲醇为溶剂 ,超声提取 ,Sep-PakC₁₈柱净化 ,色谱柱IntertsillODS- 3,流动相甲醇-水-冰醋酸 (45∶80∶1) ,流速 1.0mL·min^-1,检测波长 283nm。结果 :平均回收率为 99.2% ,RSD =1.7% (n=5 ) ,6个不同来源的仙茅药材中仙茅苷的含量在 0.11%～0.35%。结论 :可作为仙茅药材的质量控制方法。     

仙茅与伪品的形态组织学及理化鉴别

采用形态组织学、TLC、紫外、光谱等方法分析鉴别仙茅。仙茅伪品是毛茛科植物芍药的侧根加工品。     

仙茅属植物化学成分及生物活性研究进展

目的：对仙茅属植物的化学成分及生物活性研究进展进行综述。方法：查阅近年来的有关文献。结果：全世界共有仙茅属植物20余种，我国有7种，有记载的药用种类有3种。化学成分有环菠萝蜜烷型三萜皂苷、酚及酚苷，木脂素及木脂素苷，黄酮、桉烷类衍生物和甜昧蛋白等。生物活性研究显示，仙茅属植物具有调节免疫、抗氧化、保肝、保护心血管系统、改善味觉、补肾壮阳及抗骨质疏松等作用。结论：仙茅属植物具有广泛的药理活性，对其进一步研究和开发将具有重要意义。     

仙茅属植物7个国产种的SRAP遗传关系研究

目的:研究仙茅属植物7个国产种亲缘关系。方法:通过SRAP分析,利用TREECONW软件分析遗传距离,UPGMA方法聚类,构建亲缘关系系统图。结果:25对引物组合共得到923条扩增条带,其中有910条呈现多态性,占98.6%。遗传距离0.631~0.912。聚类结果显示仙茅属植物7个国产种分类结果与传统形态分类结果基本一致。结论:仙茅属植物7个国产种的多态性水平高,SRAP用于其分类是可行的。