仙茅水提取物灌胃给予大鼠后入血成分研究

目的:测定并确认仙茅水提取物的入血成分。方法:大鼠灌胃给予仙茅水提取物,以HPLC测定不同血浆样品的色谱图,确认入血成分的色谱峰,以HPLC-MS-MS和NMR确定入血成分的结构。结果:苔黑酚葡萄糖苷和仙茅苷是仙茅水提取物的主要成分,含量分别为4.26%和0.96%。其中,苔黑酚葡萄糖苷以原型吸收入血,而仙茅苷等其他成分在本实验色谱条件下未从血中检测到。仙茅苷原型没有入血的原因可能是其在胃中很快被降解为其他成分。结论:仙茅的入血成分为苔黑酚葡萄糖苷,为仙茅的药效物质基础研究以及进一步的体内代谢研究提供参考。     

大孔树脂富集、纯化仙茅总皂苷

目的研究大孔树脂富集、纯化仙茅总皂苷的工艺条件及参数。方法以仙茅总皂苷的洗脱率为指标,考察大孔树脂富集、纯化仙茅总皂苷的吸附性能和洗脱参数。结果仙茅提取液17.1ml(2.48mg.ml-1)上大孔树脂柱(15mm×90mm,干重2.54g),用蒸馏水100ml、50%乙醇50ml依次洗脱,仙茅总皂苷富集于50%乙醇洗脱液部分,且除杂质能力强。结论通过大孔树脂富集与纯化后,仙茅总皂苷洗脱率在96%以上。所用方法可较好地纯化仙茅总皂苷。     

仙茅苷对自由基的清除作用

目的研究仙茅(Curculigo orchioidesGaertn.)主要成分仙茅苷(curcu ligoside)对羟自由基和超氧阴离子自由基的清除作用。方法分别采用比色法及电子顺磁共振技术(ESR)测定仙茅苷对羟自由基和超氧阴离子自由基的清除效果。结果仙茅苷对羟自由基和超氧阴离子自由基均有良好的清除作用,其清除率略低于茶多酚。结论仙茅苷对自由基具有明显的清除作用,是一种有效的天然抗氧化剂。     

仙茅随机扩增多态性DNA反应体系的优化

目的:对仙茅随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)反应体系进行优化筛选。方法:以仙茅基因组DNA为模板,通过单因子试验就RAPD反应体系中主要参数(Mg2+、dNTP、引物、模板、TaqDNA聚合酶)对扩增结果的影响进行研究,并找出各自的最适条件。结果:建立了适合仙茅RAPD分析的反应体系,即25μL反应体系中各组分的最适浓度分别为:1×PCRbuffer、2.0mmol·L-1Mg2+、200μmol·L-1dNTP、40ng引物、20ng模板、1IUTaqDNA聚合酶。结论:利用此优化反应体系对仙茅进行RAPD-PCR扩增,可得到清晰的图谱,证实了该体系稳定、可靠。     

仙茅酒蒸炮制工艺研究

目的：优选酒蒸仙茅最佳工艺。方法：采用正交试验设计法,以加酒量、闷润时间、蒸制时间为考察因素,以仙茅苷、苔黑酚龙胆二糖苷、苔黑酚葡萄糖苷及醇溶性浸出物含量为考察指标,优化仙茅酒蒸炮制工艺。结果：仙茅酒蒸最佳工艺为取生仙茅饮片适量,置密闭容器内,加入黄酒（每100 kg饮片加入黄酒20 kg）拌匀,闷润1 h,置锅中蒸制1 h,取出放凉,50℃干燥。结论：优化所得酒蒸仙茅炮制工艺稳定可行,仙茅酒蒸后有效成分的含量高于仙茅生品和酒炙品,酒蒸工艺优于传统酒炙工艺。     

仙茅的化学成分和药理活性研究进展

仙茅是石蒜科多年生草本植物,民间用药历史悠久。仙茅的主要活性成分包括酚类及酚苷类、皂苷元及皂苷类、木脂素类、黄酮类、生物碱、脂肪族类等。仙茅具有消散痈肿、强筋骨、驱寒湿、补肾阳、益精血等功效,现代药理研究表明仙茅具有抗氧化、免疫调节、抗骨质疏松、补肾壮阳、肝保护、神经保护等活性。综述了仙茅的化学成分和药理活性及质量标志物的研究进展,为仙茅的进一步开发和利用提供研究依据。     

Up-regulation of VEGF by MC3T3-E1 cells treated with curculigoside

Empirical evidence has shown that curculigoside, the main active compound of the traditionally used Chinese herb, Curculigo orchioides (Amaryllidaceae, rhizome), affects bone formation and fracture healing. However, the mechanistic details of these processes remain unclear. Therefore, the effects of curculigoside on immortalized, pre-osteoblastic mouse MC3T3-E1 cells was investigated. Following treatment with curculigoside, MC3T3-E1 cells exhibited an increased rate of proliferation. Higher levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (Flt-1) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) were also detected in cell supernatants and cell lysates by ELISA and western blot analysis, respectively. Furthermore, the stimulatory effect of curculigoside was observed at relatively low doses (i.e. 10-100 μg/mL). In combination, these responses to treatment with curculigoside elucidate mechanistic details underlying the therapeutic effects of Curculigo orchioides on bone, and identifies these molecules as potential targets for the treatment of common metabolic bone diseases.     

中药仙茅不同有效成分对骨髓间质干细胞诱导作用的比较

目的比较中药仙茅中不同有效成份对骨髓间质干细胞诱导作用的差异。方法分别采用RT-PCR检测和倒置显微镜下观察的方法 ,对使用中药仙茅多糖和仙茅黄酮诱导刺激后的骨髓间质干细胞进行检测,观察仙茅不同有效成分对骨髓间质干细胞刺激后的变化。结果仙茅多糖和仙茅黄酮成分均能诱导骨髓间质干细胞向神经元细胞诱导分化。结论仙茅黄酮较仙茅多糖对骨髓间质干细胞向神经元细胞定向诱导分化的作用更强。     

Evaluation of estrogenic activity of alcoholic extract of rhizomes of Curculigo orchioides

The rhizomes of Curculigo orchioides Gaertn. (Amaryllidacea) is an important Ayurvedic as well as Unani drug. It is present in several drug formulations used in the treatment of menorrhagia and other gynecological problems. In this study, we conducted a comparative study of estrogenic activity of alcoholic extract of Curculigo orchioides with diethylstilbestrol in bilaterally ovariectomized young albino rats. Bilaterally ovariectomized albino rats were divided into five groups (n=9) receiving different treatments, consisting of vehicle (0.6% w/v sodium carboxy methyl cellulose), ethanolic extract of rhizomes of Curculigo orchioides at three different doses (viz., 300, 600, 1200 mg/kg body weight) and standard drug diethylstilbestrol (DES) at a dose of 2 mg/kg body weight. All these were administered orally daily for 7 days. Estrogenic activity was assessed by taking percentage vaginal cornification, uterine wet weight, uterine glycogen content and uterine histology as parameters of assessment. Alcoholic extract of Curculigo orchioides showed a significant increase in percentage vaginal cornification, uterine wet weight (P<0.001), uterine glycogen content (P<0.001) and a proliferative changes in uterine endometrium compared to the control.     

Mast cell stabilization and antihistaminic potentials of Curculigo orchioides rhizomes

Aim of the study

To investigate the mast cell stabilization and antihistaminic activities of the rhizomes of Curculigo orchioides (COR). Extract of Curculigo orchioides Gaertn. (Fam. Amaryllidaceae) has been reported to possess immunostimulant, and anti-inflammatory potentials. In Indian traditional system of medicine it is also used as anti-asthmatic and anti-inflammatory.

Materials and methods

Estimation of histamine release is key parameter for evaluating any target for its anti-allergic potential. The stabilization potential of the alcoholic extract of COR (100–400 mg/kg) against mast cell degranulation was studied on isolated mice peritoneal mast cells. The antihistaminic activity was performed by determining the mortality rate of mice upon exposure to compound 48/80 and effect on inhibition of histamine release upon degranulation.

Results

The raised number of intact mast cells intimates that the COR stabilized the mast cell degranulation (60.96 ± 1.96%) and percentage antihistaminic potential of the extract (63.58 ± 1.8 inhibition at dose of 400 mg/kg) and it virtues further work towards the isolation of phytoconstituents from this plant.

Conclusion

This finding provides evidence that COR inhibits mast cell-derived immediate-type allergic reactions and mast cell degranulation.