经济发达地区村镇小学生行为问题及多因素分析

目的探讨村镇小学生行为问题及其与心理社会因素的关系。方法采用Rutter儿童行为问卷，儿童Nowicki-Strickland内外控制量表（CNSIE），艾森克人格问卷儿童版（EPQj），调查浙江余杭市塘栖三小三至六年级学生271名。结果行为问题检出率教师问卷和父母问卷分别为17.0％、22.1％。相关和多元分析显示，行为问题的发生与心理控制源、EPQj—N分呈正相关，与成绩、EPQj—L分呈负相关。结论经济发达地区村镇小学生存在较多行为问题，应早期加强责任感、自控力和健全人格等方面的培养，并重视差生的行为教育。     

A mathematical model of insulin secretion

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic state of excessive blood glucoselevels (hyperglycaemia), which may result from many environmentaland genetic factors, often acting jointly. The major regulatorof glucose concentration in the blood is insulin. It is knownthat about 50% of the insulin is taken up by the liver on passingthrough it after secretion from the pancreas. The precise valueof this fractional uptake is not known, so the prehepatic insulinsecretion rates cannot be readily estimated from the plasmainsulin concentration levels. By utilizing the equimolar secretionof insulin and connecting peptide (C-peptide) from the pancreas,a noninvasive method has been formulated. This was based ona compartmental model which involved the pancreas, liver, andplasma. The resulting differential equation yielded a gammavariate solution which could be readily linearized. The modelwas then tested on 56 normal (51 nonobese and 5 obese) subjects,and three groups of subjects with diabetes who could be labelledas mild, moderate, and severe (based on the fasting plasma glucoseconcentration) with 83, 88, and 64 subjects respectively. Wehave focused on the human patient environment of the clinicianto produce a distinct model which gave a consistent patternwithin all four groups with good fits between observed and theoreticalvalues of the plasma insulin levels. The consequent rates forinsulin secretion were consistent across the groups and wereclinically meaningful.     

中国部分城市2岁儿童行为偏离的多因素多水平分析

目的：了解中国城市城区幼儿行为偏离情况及家庭因素，父母育儿因素对儿童行为的单独影响和协同作用，为进一步干预提供依据。方法：在选定的北京、山东、浙江、广东、湖北5个省（直辖市）的10个城市社区中，用《Aachenbach2-3岁儿童行为调查表（家长问卷）》及母亲养育问卷调查2岁儿童母亲，获得有关儿童行为及其家庭，父母育儿资料。统计儿童行为偏离率及分布，运用多因素多水平分析方法分析儿童行为偏离的影响因素。结果：调查地区666名2岁儿童总行为偏离率为53．9％，多因素多水平分析结果显示，儿童家庭月收入、母亲的受教育程度与较高的儿童行为偏离有关。在控制了家庭社会经济状况后，父母育儿态度和行为对儿童行为偏离的负影响依然存在。结论：鉴于城市社区较高的儿童行为偏离率，个体保健难以对所有儿童提供心理干扰，建议通过开展社区健康促进活动，向儿童母亲传授适宜的育儿知识和技能，纠正母亲错误的育儿态度和行为，改善儿童心理健康状况。     

84例足月小样儿配对调查分析

采用配对病例对照研究，调查了足月小样儿和与之相匹配的对照，对８４对的婴儿母亲和新生儿有关情况，运用条件Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归模型，建立主效应模型。结果表明孕期膳食单一、被动吸烟、精神刺激、２８～３６孕周高危及中度以上妊高征与足月小样儿发生存在关联。     

北京东城区朝阳门医院保健地段老年人口医疗服务需要和利用的影响因素分析

本文通过对朝阳门医院保健地段老年人的连续性家庭健康询问调查发现,医疗服务需要和利用受到季节、文化程度、年龄、职业、医疗费用支付方式、生活方式、收入水平等因素的影响,在此基础上探讨了老年人医疗服务的重点人群的问题。     

延边朝鲜族成人颌面部垂直距离的测量分析

测量了延边地区２００名朝鲜族成人（男１００，女１００）的颌面部３项垂直距离，计算了息止牙合间隙，结果３项垂直距离和息止牙合间隙男大于女，性别差异显著．对面中１／３距与正中牙合位面下１／３距，休息位面下１／３距作了相关和回归分析，推导出男、女各两个回归方程．     

Demonstration of an actuarial method for estimating preinjury hand strength

Assessments of the magnitude of performance loss caused by injury or disease necessarily involve a comparison of a person's performance before and after the onset of impairment. Well-established procedures are available for measuring current performance on a variety of evaluation instruments. However, few actuarial methods have been developed for estimating the person's performance prior to injury. This study demonstrated how regression equations can be used to estimate preinjury hand strength. Although the equations generated in this investigation are specific to hand strength, the methodology can be extended to estimate the preinjury performances of persons with a variety of physical and intellectual impairments.     

Factors influencing perceived need for dental care by United States military recruits

This study explores factors that influence perceived need for dental care among US military recruits. The data were collected on a systematic random sample of 2711 US Army, Air Force, Navy, and Marine Corps recruits between February and July 1994. Participants received a comprehensive oral examination from a dentist and answered perceived need queries on self-administered questionnaires. Using bivariate and logistic regression analyses, we examined the association between demographic and clinical measures and perceived need for dental care. Bivariate results show that, overall, 61% of US military recruits perceive a need for dental care, with statistically significant differences across many demographic and clinical factors. Logistic regression results show that the likelihood of perceived need is influenced by gender, branch of service, dental health class, home region of the US, calculus, bleeding gums, level of decay, and dental utilization. Received: 17 December 1996 / Accepted: 24 November 1997     

脊髓灰质炎疫苗全程免疫儿童发病因素的探讨

为探讨脊髓灰质炎（简称脊灰）全程免疫病例发病的危险因素，我们于１９９２年６～１０月份在广西、河南、江苏三省的部分县、乡中进行了一次１：２配比的病例对照研究，通过对收集到的资料进行单因素和多因素条件Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归分析认为，引起全民免疫儿童发病的危险因素包括团体因素和个体因素两大类。团体因素主要指与冷链及卫生服务有关的因素，为脊灰全程服苗病例发病所特有的危险因素。个体因素主要指一些社会行为因素，为免疫及未免疫儿童共同的发病危险因素。此外，服用５次及５次以上脊灰疫苗是一个保护性因素，提示在不断提高接种率的同时，应注意提高接种质量。