生物医学核心期刊《中华医院感染学杂志》5年相关文献信息统计分析和质量评价

目的探索生物医学核心期刊《中华医院感染学杂志》5年相关文献信息质量本质。方法选择该杂志2000~2004年48期2 612篇论文作为调查统计源,分析评价相关文献信息质量。结果5年载文信息量平均指数为0.57;作者来源以医科大学和附属医院、省、地(市)和部队医疗卫生及科研单位为主;论文以研究类、论著类和经验总结类为主;5年基金课题共160项;5年平均每篇论文引文6.0条,中文占68.6%,外文占31.4%,期刊自引占34.2%;5年论文出版时滞平均为273.5 d。结论上述结果的6个方面在全国生物医学期刊中都具有相当的优势,凸显了该刊“核心期刊”的质量内涵。     

髓芯减压加缝匠肌骨瓣移植术在治疗股骨头坏死中的价值

目的:观察髓芯减压加缝匠肌骨瓣移植术治疗股骨头坏死的疗效。方法:对65例股骨头坏死患者,采用髓芯减压加缝匠肌骨瓣移植术治疗。结果:经28个月(10-56个月)随访,疗效评价,优38髋,良21髋,可6髋,差0髋。优良率>90%。结论:髓芯减压加缝匠肌骨瓣移植术治疗股骨头坏死,效果良好。     

新型农村合作医疗综合评价指标体系测评分析

目的 对新型农村合作医疗综合评价指标体系分析和验证。方法 采用相关和多元线性回归分析检验综合评价指标与内部指标问联系、信度分析和主成分因素分析，对综合评价指标体系进行评价。结果 新型农村合作医疗综合评价指标同内部指标具有正相关，内部指标具有独立性，总体指标克朗巴赫α系数为0．8889．指标体系内容效度极好。主成分分析表明指标体系具有较好的结构效度。结论 新型农村合作医疗综合评价指标体系的建立具有合理性、科学性和较好的信度与效度。     

自制裸磁珠对常见食源性致病菌吸附性能的研究

目的：研究自制裸磁珠对常见食源性致病菌和卫生指示菌的吸附性能，摸索从样品中快速分离和浓集细菌的方法。方法：试验裸磁珠对细菌的吸附性能，摸索温度和样品成分对其吸附性能的影响。结果：自制裸磁珠在37℃对常见食源性致病菌和卫生指示菌有很强的吸附，吸附率均高于97％。食品成分对其吸附有一定影响，吸附率最低为58．42％。结论：自制裸磁珠可望用于环境和食品样品中多种细菌的非特异性吸附分离和浓集，值得进一步研究和推广。     

昆山市糕点类食品检测结果分析

目的：了解昆山地区食品生产企业所生产的糕点类食品卫生指标现状,为卫生监督人员在卫生监督执法和卫生评价时提供科学依据.方法：抽检昆山地区20家食品生产单位172份糕点类食品样本进行卫生细菌、致病菌、酸价、过氧化值、总砷、铅等检测.结果：共检测糕点类食品标本172份,其中165份样本卫生指标符合国家标准,合格率为95.93%,不合格样本主要是微生物超过国家标准,该类产品均为小作坊类单位所生产.结论：应加强对食品生产企业特别是小作坊类单位的卫生监督监测和卫生知识宣传.     

Development and Face Validity of Explicit indicators of Appropriateness of Long Term Prescribing

Objectives: To develop a set of explicit and operationalisable indicators of appropriate prescribing and assess their face validity using clinical pharmacists practising in secondary and primary care. Method: Appropriateness indicators were derived from the literature, applied to data in the hospital clinical records of all newly prescribed long-term drugs for 50 randomly selected patients, further refined and then applied to another 25 randomly selected patients. A pre-piloted postal questionnaire was sent to 200 hospitals and primary care pharmacists, asking them to assess the indicators as to their importance for the assessment of appropriateness of long-term prescribing initiated in hospitals. Results: Fourteen indicators were developed and piloted. Of the 16 original indicators, 5 were discarded, as they were unable to be operationalised, and 2 were subdivided to reflect the routinely available data. Eighty-six pharmacists with individual patient-focussed clinical duties took part in the assessment of the face validity (response rate 43%). Eleven indicators achieved a median importance rating of 1 (very important), and three indicators a median importance rating of 2 on a 5-point scale. The three most important indicators overall were ‘indication included in discharge summary’, ‘questionable high-risk therapeutic combination’ and ‘hazardous drug-drug combination’. Conclusion: It was possible to develop and operationalise 14 indicators of the appropriateness of long-term prescribing commenced in hospital practice, all of which were considered to have face validity by an expert panel of clinical pharmacists. The development of these explicit indicators highlighted the incompleteness of the patient’s record. Further work is needed to assess their validity and reliability, before their use in research or audit can be recommended.     

Mammographically Occult Asymptomatic Radial Scars/Complex Sclerosing Lesions at Ultrasonography-Guided Core Needle Biopsy: Follow-Up Can Be Recommended

An increasing number of radial scars are detected by ultrasound (US), but their management is controversial. This study investigated the upgrade rate in mammographically occult radial scars/complex sclerosing lesions without epithelial atypia at US-guided 14-gauge core needle biopsy in asymptomatic patients. Nineteen mammographically occult benign radial scars/complex sclerosing lesions (median size, 7 mm; range, 3–23 mm) were included. Patients underwent surgical excision (n = 10) or vacuum-assisted excision, with follow-up US at least 6 mo after benign vacuum-assisted excision results (n = 8), or underwent US follow-up for 2 y after core needle biopsy (n = 1). Any cases with change in diagnosis to high-risk lesions or malignancy at excision were considered upgrades. The upgrade rate was 0.0%. Based on US findings, 15.8% (3/19) were Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) category 3, 68.4% (13/19) were BI-RADS category 4a and 15.8% (3/19) were BI-RADS category 4b. Follow-up with US can be considered for mammographically occult benign radial scar/complex sclerosing lesions diagnosed by US core needle biopsy in asymptomatic patients.     

Comparison of manual mycobacteria growth indicator tube and epsilometer test with agar proportion method for susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Background and Objectives: Antimycobacterial susceptibility tests take weeks, and delayed therapy can lead to spread of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Therefore, rapid, accurate and cost-effective methods are required for proper therapy selection. In this study, the Mycobacteria growth indicator tube (MGIT) and epsilometer test (Etest) methods were compared to the agar proportion method for susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Materials and Methods: The susceptibility tests against isoniazid (INH), rifampin (RIF), streptomycin (STM) and ethambutol (ETM) of 51 M. tuberculosis complex isolates were analyzed by the MGIT, Etest and agar proportion methods. Results: The concordance between MGIT/Etest and agar proportion methods was 98% for INH and 100% for RIF, STM, ETM. There were not statistically significant differences in results of the susceptibility tests between MGIT/Etest and the reference agar proportion method. Conclusion: The results have shown that MGIT and Etest methods can be used instead of the agar proportion method, because these two methods are more rapid and easier than the agar proportion method.     

Comparison of Turkish Disability Policy,the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities,and the core concepts of U.S. disability policy

This article compares Turkey's Constitution and its Disabled Persons Act with the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD) and the core concepts of United States (U.S.) disability policy. Conclusions are that Turkey's Constitution and statutes are remarkably congruent with the UNCRPD and the core concepts. They are not, however, identical. This fact suggests that Turkey can still improve its statutes to reflect more closely the UNCRPD and core concepts. The review of these policy documents suggests that there are other steps Turkey can take to improve disability policy and its implementation. They are to amend Turkey's laws, determine the status of individuals and families affected by disability, and pursue vigorous implementation of their rights.