瞬时受体电位通道A1和瞬时受体电位通道M8在冷过敏中的作用

背景 冷过敏是炎性痛和神经病理性疼痛的一个常见症状,其内在机制尚不清楚. 目的 阐明瞬时受体电位通道A1 （transient receptor potential cation channel,subfamily A,member 1,TRPA1）和瞬时受体电位通道M8（transient receptor potential melastatin 8,TRPM8）参与冷过敏的机制. 内容 综述TRPA1和TRPM8的分子结构和门控机制及其在有害的冷、炎性痛和神经病理性疼痛的冷过敏形成、维持中的作用等方面的研究. 趋向 深入研究TRPA1和TRPM8在冷过敏发生中的作用,有助于阐明冷过敏的机制,并为开发拮抗剂提供理论依据.     

Intestinal necrosis related to administration of cation exchange resin without sorbitol: A retrospective analysis of 61 patients with end‐stage renal diseases

Intestinal necrosis associated with cation exchange resin (CER) is considered related to sorbitol, but it has been reported even in patients receiving CER alone. This study was performed to identify the risk factors of CER‐related intestinal necrosis. The pathological database of 61 end‐stage renal disease patients with surgical intervention for intestinal perforation was reviewed. The correlations between CER treatment and clinicopathological factors were studied among three groups: (i) patients administered CER and with CER at the perforation site (n = 23), (ii) patients administered CER with undetected CER at the perforation site (n = 12) and (iii) patients not administered CER (n = 26). The majority of the perforation site in group 1 was in the sigmoid colon (82.6%) with significantly higher average age and more frequent CER adhesion rates to the mucosa around the perforation site than group 2. The laxative administration rate in group 1 was significantly higher than group 3 and tended to be higher than group 2. The incidence of CER‐related intestinal necrosis was estimated at 0.57%. CER should be used with extreme caution in elderly patients with passage disturbance.     

Identification and analysis of an intracellular Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase from Sepiella maindroni under stress of Vibrio harveyi and Cd

Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are ubiquitous family of metalloenzymes involved in protecting organisms from excess reactive oxygen species damage. In this paper, a novel intracellular Cu/ZnSOD from Sepiella maindroni (designated as SmSOD) was identified and characterized. The full-length cDNA sequence of SmSOD (GenBank accession No. KF908850) was 709 bp containing an open reading frame (ORF) of 459 bp, encoding 153 amino acid residues peptide with predicted pI/MW (6.02/15.75 kDa), a 131 bp-5′- and 116 bp-3′- untranslated region (UTR). BLASTn analysis and phylogenetic relationship strongly suggested that the sequence shared high similarity with known Cu/Zn SODs. Several highly conserved motifs, including two typical Cu/Zn SOD family domains, two conserved Cu-/Zn-binding sites (H-47, H-49, H-64, H-120 for Cu binding, and H-64, H-72, H-81, D-84 for Zn binding) and intracellular disulfide bond (C-58 and C-146), were also identified in SmSOD. Time-dependent mRNA expression of SmSOD in hepatopancreas was recorded by quantitative real-time RT-PCR after Vibrio harveyi injection and Cd²⁺ exposure. The results indicated that SmSOD was an acute-phase protein involved in the immune responses against pathogens and biological indicator for metal contaminants in aquatic environment.     

The phosphoproteome and its physiological dynamics in Staphylococcus aureus

Phosphorylation events on proteins during growth and stress/starvation can represent crucial regulation processes inside the bacterial cell. Therefore, serine, threonine and tyrosine phosphorylation patterns were analyzed by two powerful complementary proteomic methods for the human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. Using 2D-gel analysis with a phosphosensitive stain (Pro-Q Diamond) and gel-free titanium dioxide based phosphopeptide enrichment, 103 putative phosphorylated proteins with successfully mapped 68 different phosphorylation sites were found in the soluble proteome of S. aureus. Additionally, in a proof of concept study, 8 proteins phosphorylated on arginine residues have been identified. Most important for functional analyses of S. aureus, proteins related to pathogenicity and virulence were found to be phosphorylated: the virulence regulator SarA, the potential antimicrobial target FbaA and the elastin-binding protein EbpS. Besides newly identified phosphorylation sites we compared our dataset with existing data from literature and subsequent experiments revealed additional phosphorylation events on highly conserved localizations in FbaA. Differential analysis of phosphorylation signals on the 2D-gels showed significant changes in phosphorylation under different physiological conditions for 10 proteins. Among these, we were able to detect newly appearing signals for phosphorylated isoforms of FdaB and HchA under nitrosative stress conditions.     

胃肠道平滑肌起搏电流产生机制的研究进展

越来越多的研究结果表明,Cajal间质细胞是胃肠道平滑肌慢波电位和自发性节律性收缩活动的起搏细胞.关于Cajal间质细胞起搏电流产生机制的研究近来进展很快,但仍存在一些分歧.本文就目前关于起搏电流的产生及传播机制的研究进展作一综述.     

多个癫痫相关基因多态性与拉莫三嗪治疗儿童癫痫血药浓度的相关性

目的 拉莫三嗪是儿童癫痫的一线治疗药物,其血药浓度与临床疗效个体差异较大,药效学和药动学通路多个相关基因突变可能是个体差异大的原因,本研究探讨代谢酶UGT1A4,转运体OCT1与ABCB1,受体SCN1A基因多态性与拉莫三嗪治疗儿童癫痫稳态血药浓度的相关性.方法 于2018年1月-2019年6月纳入杭州市第一人民医院单...     

胰腺癌中表观遗传修饰研究进展

胰腺癌的形成受遗传学和表现遗传修饰的影响.基因突变或缺失(遗传学)参与肿瘤的形成,DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰和RNA干扰等(表观遗传修饰)调节基因表达.随着基因组筛选技术的发展,胰液中DNA甲基化定量检测是诊断胰腺癌的潜在工具,以DNA甲基化和组蛋白乙酰化为基础的表观遗传学是胰腺癌治疗领域中的新靶点.本文对胰腺癌发生发展过程中出现的表遗传修饰异常,以及其生物学和临床意义前景作一介绍.     

High-performance ion-exchange chromatography with in-line complexation of bisphosphonates and their quality control in pharmaceutical preparations

An ion-exchange chromatographic method using an anion-exchange column was developed for the analysis of a number of bisphosphonates. The bisphosphonates were in-line complexed by copper(II) ions and added to the acidic eluent, to yield an UV-absorbing complex. Chromatographic parameters were studied for eight different bisphosphonates, particularly amino-1-hydroxyalkyl-1,1-bisphosphonates; special attention was paid to the relationship between retention and complex formation. The method was applied to the quality control of pamidronate injection concentrate and olpadronate tablets. The lower detection limit was 8 ng of disodium pamidronate, and the inter-assay precision was 1.0% for both pamidronate and olpadronate standard solutions and 1.8% for a 3 mg ml⁻¹ disodium pamidronate injection concentrate. The method was compared with a previously described ion-exchange chromatographic method with conductivity detection, without copper(II) ions in the eluent.     

阳离子树脂分离氧化苦参碱工艺条件研究

目的:优化阳离子树脂分离氧化苦参碱的工艺条件,提高氧化苦参碱得率。方法:通过单因素试验考察了洗脱溶剂种类、洗脱溶液浓度、树脂碱化用氨水pH值等条件对氧化苦参碱得率的影响,并通过正交试验对工艺条件进行优化。结果:最适洗脱溶剂为乙醇溶液,最佳工艺条件为吸附后树脂用等量的pH值为12.5的氨水碱化,用12倍量70%乙醇洗脱。结论:采用最佳工艺条件氧化苦参碱得率由3.83mg/g提高到8.31mg/g,较优化前提高了2.17倍。     

铜针留置术治疗海绵状血管瘤的护理

目的探讨铜针留置术治疗海绵状血管瘤的方法及护理措施。方法对39例海绵状血管瘤采取铜针留置术进行治疗及护理。结果39例治愈20例,有效17例,无效2例,总有效率达96%。结论铜针留置可使血管变性、纤维化、瘤变结构消失,是治疗海绵状血管瘤较好的方法之一,相应的护理是提高手术成功率的重要保证。