煤炭企业管理者退休初期心理状况与社会支持、应对方式的关系研究

目的了解退休初期煤炭企业管理者心理健康状况与社会支持、应对方式的关系,为有针对性地开展老年工作提供依据。方法采用整群抽样法抽取开滦集团386名退休煤炭企业管理者进行症状自评量表、社会支持量表和简易应对方式问卷评估。结果①386名退休初期煤炭企业管理者中,30.9%的人可能存在心理问题,并且女性心理问题检出率明显高于男性(χ2=4.568,P<0.05);②消极应对、社会支持总分与退休初期煤炭企业管理者的心理健康显著相关,并且能够联合解释退休初期煤炭企业管理者心理健康4.7%的变异量,社会支持直接预测心理健康,消极应对在支持的利用度和心理健康之间起中介作用。结论 30.9%的退休初期煤炭企业管理者存在心理问题,男性心理问题低于女性;社会支持正向预测心理健康水平,消极应对在支持的利用度和心理健康之间起中介作用。     

认知行为治疗对精神分裂症患者应对方式的影响

目的:探讨药物联合认知行为治疗对精神分裂症患者应对方式的影响.方法:本研究为随机对照临床试验.选取符合美国精神疾病诊断与统计手册第4版(DSM-Ⅳ)中精神分裂症诊断标准的医院门诊和住院患者共132例,随机分配到认知行为治疗组(CBT组,n=66)和支持性心理治疗组(ST组,n=66),在药物治疗基础上分别接受15次CBT和ST.并在治疗前后采用应对方式问卷(CSQ)对两组患者进行评估.结果:经过24周治疗,CBT组CSQ的解决问题、自责、求助、逃避四个因子的得分均有显著改善(P＜0.05);而ST组只在自责因子分数有显著改变(P＜0.05).两组进行治疗后比较,CBT组的问题解决和求助因子显著高于ST组(P＜0.001).结论:认知行为治疗能够有效的改善精神分裂症患者的应对方式.     

模拟演练干预对儿科实习护生应对医院暴力能力的影响

目的 探讨模拟演练干预在儿科实习护生应对医院暴力能力中的应用效果。方法 采用随机数字表法将在儿科实习的68名护生随机分为观察组和对照组,每组34例,对照组采用常规护理教学方式,观察组在对照组基础上实施模拟演练干预。干预1个月后,采用模拟教学评价量表、实习护生工作场所暴力管理能力量表对其进行效果评价。结果 干预后观察组儿科实习护生模拟教学评价量表总分及各维度得分、实习护士工作场所暴力管理能力量表总分及各维度得分均高于对照组(P<0.001)。结论 模拟演练干预方法能够有效提高儿科实习护生应对医院暴力能力,同时也提高了儿科护理教学水平,护生满意度上升。     

颅脑手术患者家属疾病不确定感与应对方式的调查分析

目的分析颅脑手术患者家属的疾病不确定感和应对方式水平,分析两者之间的关系。方法采用一般资料调查表、Mishel疾病不确定感家属量表和简易应对方式问卷对便利抽取的200名家属进行调查。结果家属疾病不确定感总分为(96.72±10.36)分,计算条目平均分后发现,得分最高的是"不明确性",其次是"不可预测性"、"信息缺乏"和"复杂性"。家属的应对方式、积极应对分量表和消极应对分量表的条目平均分分别为(1.62±0.48)分、(1.86±0.82)分、(1.25±0.51)分。疾病不确定感总分及各维度得分均与积极应对呈负相关,复杂性维度和信息缺乏维度与消极应对呈正相关。结论颅脑手术患者家属的疾病不确定感水平较高,应对方式水平有待进一步提高,积极的应对方式可以降低其疾病不确定感。     

The effects of coping style,social support,and behavioral problems on the well-being of mothers of children with Autism Spectrum Disorders in Lebanon

The present study examined the effects of coping styles, social support, and child's behavioral symptoms on the well-being of 65 mothers of children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) in Lebanon. Comparisons to the well-being of 98 mothers of typically developing children were also drawn. Regression analyses showed that disengagement and distraction coping predicted poor well-being, whereas cognitive reframing showed a correlation with better well-being levels. A significant correlation was found between child's behavioral problems and maternal well-being. T-test analyses revealed that mothers of children with ASD differed in terms of coping styles used. Additionally, mothers of children with ASD showed lower levels of perceived social support. Well-being was significantly better for mothers of typically developing children. Study limitations and implications are discussed.     

安徽省护理专科学生应对方式与焦虑的相关性分析

目的：了解护理专科学生的应对方式与焦虑的相关性。方法采用整群抽样方法,对820名护理专科学生进行简易应对方式问卷和Zung焦虑自评量表的测评。结果学生焦虑平均得分为(47．98±9．95)分,其中焦虑得分≥50分的调查对象所占的比例为34．4%。不同民族学生的积极应对方式与消极应对方式差异有统计学意义( P<0．05);焦虑得分与积极应对方式呈负相关(r=-0．153,P<0．01),且与消极应对方式呈正相关(r=0．232,P<0．01)。结论护理专科学生的焦虑状况与应对方式密切相关,对大学生开展针对性的应对方式训练,能改善大学生焦虑的现象。     

新型冠状病毒肺炎流行期间医护人员心理健康与应对方式相关性研究

目的 调查新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)流行期间六安市区三家三级医院医护人员心理健康的现状,分析医护人员心理健康水平与应对方式的关系。方法 于2020年2月7日～2月15日,使用问卷星形式,采用焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表及简易应对方式问卷调查COVID-19流行期间六安市区三家三级医院360名医护人员心理状况,分析医护人员焦虑、抑郁水平及其与应对水平的相关性。结果 COVID-19流行期间六安市区三家三级医院医护人员焦虑粗分(32.82±7.80)分,抑郁粗分(37.90±8.30)分,均高于中国常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。焦虑阳性者(总粗分≥40分)68例(18.9%),抑郁阳性者(总粗分≥41 分)138例(38.4%);医护人员应对方式总分9～60分,平均为(36.61±8.55)分。积极应对6～36分,平均为(24.49±6.14)分。消极应对1～24分,平均为(12.12±4.19)分;偏相关分析显示,医护人员焦虑得分与积极应对呈负相关(r=-0.315,P<0.05),与消极应对呈正相关(r=0.147,P<0.05)。抑郁得分与积极应对呈负相关(r=-0.374,P<0.05),与消极应对呈正相关(r=0.207,P<0.05)。结论 COVID-19流行期间医护人员存在不同程度的焦虑和抑郁,疫情期间医护人员的心理健康与积极应对方式呈正相关,与消极应对方式呈负相关。     

某医院住院医师规范化培训现存问题与应对策略

住院医师规范化培训工作中存在的诸多问题,严重制约着住院医师成长与医院发展。本文探讨2017～2019年安徽某大学附属医院住院医师规范化培训工作中存在的主要问题,提出有效应对策略,并在实践工作中取得一定成效。通过阐述该院住院医师规范化培训主要政策内容与评价标准,加强对住院医师规范化培训学员的管控力度,落实住院医师培训考核与奖惩措施,逐步提高住院医师培训学员的收入与待遇,从而完善医院住院医师规范化培训的工作制度。进一步思考与总结现行医院住院医师规范化培训管理模式,优化医院现有人力资源配置,为探索改进住院医师规范化培训工作提供更好的发展思路。     

Longing for existential recognition: A qualitative study of everyday concerns for people with somatoform disorders

Objective

Patients with somatoform disorders could be vulnerable to stressors and have difficulties coping with stress. The aim was to explore what the patients experience as stressful and how they resolve stress in everyday life.

Methods

A cross-sectional retrospective design using 24 semi-structured individual life history interviews. Data-analysis was based on grounded theory.

Results

A major concern in patients was a longing for existential recognition. This influenced the patients' self-confidence, stress appraisals, symptom perceptions, and coping attitudes. Generally, patients had difficulties with self-confidence and self-recognition of bodily sensations, feelings, vulnerability, and needs, which negatively framed their attempts to obtain recognition in social interactions. Experiences of recognition appeared in three different modalities: 1) “existential misrecognition” covered the experience of being met with distrust and disrespect, 2) “uncertain existential recognition” covered experiences of unclear communication and a perception of not being totally recognized, and 3) “successful existential recognition” covered experiences of total respect and understanding. “Misrecognition” and “uncertain recognition” related to decreased self-confidence, avoidant coping behaviours, increased stress, and symptom appraisal; whereas “successful recognition” related to higher self-confidence, active coping behaviours, decreased stress, and symptom appraisal.

Conclusion

Different modalities of existential recognition influenced self-identity and social identity affecting patients' daily stress and symptom appraisals, self-confidence, self-recognition, and coping attitudes. Clinically it seems crucial to improve the patients' ability to communicate concerns, feelings, and needs in social interactions. Better communicative skills and more active coping could reduce the harm the patients experienced by not being recognized and increase the healing potential of successful recognition.     

Influence of the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism on coping response to stress in patients with advanced gastric cancer

Objective

Coping with cancer is an important determinant of psychological morbidity, quality of life, and treatment adherence in cancer patients. The aim of this study was to elucidate the association between the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val66Met polymorphism and coping response to stress in patients diagnosed with advanced gastric cancer.

Methods

Ninety-one subjects (60 males, 31 females) recently diagnosed with advanced gastric cancer were recruited. Coping style and distress level were examined using the Mini-Mental Adjustment to Cancer (Mini-MAC) scale and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and genotyping was evaluated. To examine the temporal stability of the Mini-MAC scores, a 6-week follow-up evaluation was conducted in 72 patients, after completion of two chemotherapy cycles.

Results

Coping style to cancer significantly differed between the Met carriers of BDNF Val66Met and the Val/Val homozygotes. The Met carriers were significantly more anxious than the Val/Val homozygotes.

Conclusion

The present findings suggest that the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism may be involved in individual coping responses to cancer. The Met allele of BDNF Val66Met may be predictive of an anxious coping style in patients with advanced cancer.