持续葡萄糖监测技术应用于医院就诊糖尿病人群的预算影响分析

目的：目前持续葡萄糖监测技术（continuous glucose monitoring, CGM）在我国各省市的收费及报销情况不尽相同,本研究拟从医院管理者的角度,探讨若CGM报销政策在住院、门诊情景下逐步发生变化,对医院消耗的医保基金管理的影响,为医院医保基金总额控制管理提供科学参考依据。方法：基于医院管理者的角度,以年度治疗1万名糖尿病患者的单家三级医院为例,计算报销政策变化后未来3年（2022—2024年）对医保基金的影响;测算成本主要包括血糖监测项目及耗材费用、门诊就诊费用、住院费用以及急性事件治疗费用。报销现状设定为项目耗材均未报销,并分析CGM报销政策逐步推向住院项目报销、住院耗材报销、门诊项目报销、门诊耗材报销带来的预算影响。结果：对于年治疗1万名糖尿病患者的三级医院,若住院及门诊的CGM耗材项目均获得报销,预计2022—2024年每年医保基金总支出增加25.5～39.4万元,人均支出增加39～60元,整体费用可控。报销CGM会让血糖监测项目及耗材的整体支出一定程度增加,但CGM可提供丰富的血糖波动信息、可视化的TIR达标分析情况,降低因血糖监测或用药调整等需求而住院的...     

舒适护理在持续静脉灌注化疗中的应用

目的 探讨舒适护理在持续静脉灌注化疗中的应用.方法 对65例在我科住院已确诊为胃肠道肿瘤、选择接受中心静脉置管予持续静脉灌注化疗方案的患者,在化疗前、中、后的整体护理过程中融入舒适护理,比较舒适护理前后接受持续静脉灌注化疗患者的生活质量.结果 在实施相关舒适护理后,病人在躯体方面、心理方面以及总体感觉方面有明显提高,而社会方面于舒适护理前后无明显改变.结论 将舒适护理用于持续静脉灌注化疗的患者,真正体现了"以人为本、以病人为中心"的护理理念,提高了患者的生活质量.     

Exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction: From clinical examination to continuous laryngoscopy during exercise

The diagnosis of exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction (EILO) should be suspected when exercise triggers inspiratory stridor. EILO is common in adolescent populations and has a significant impact on sports. Identification of laryngeal obstruction during continuous laryngoscopy during exercise (CLE) is the gold standard diagnostic tool for this disorder, which is not widely known in France. The challenge faced by otolaryngologists is to identify, among patients referred by pulmonologists or sports physicians, those with exercise-induced inspiratory symptoms or poorly controlled exercise-induced asthma, in whom a diagnosis of EILO is strongly suspected. Laryngoscopy at rest may reveal a laryngeal, glottic or supraglottic abnormality predictive of obstruction at increased inspiratory airflow. When pulmonary function tests are normal or in the case of failure of treatment of exercise-induced asthma, the otolaryngologist must complete the examination by a CLE test to confirm the diagnosis of EILO and identify the site of obstruction. This examination is well tolerated, minimally invasive and allows identification of the site of airflow obstruction, allowing specific conservative or surgical treatment. This technical note describes in detail clinical examination and CLE testing in patients with suspected EILO.     

The effects of breaking sedentary time with different intensity exercise bouts on energy metabolism: A randomized cross-over controlled trial

Background and aimsBreaking up sedentary periods, particularly with light activity, increases total energy expenditure (EE), and helps provide better glycemic control. However, the effects of activities of various intensities to interrupt prolonged sedentary time are unclear. The purpose of the present study was to examine potential differences in glycemic control and EE from breaking up sedentary time with short exercise bouts of different intensities.Methods and resultsNine overweight/obesity young men underwent whole body indirect calorimetry at 19:00 on day 1 and stayed overnight. After awakening on day 2, they performed short duration jogging every 30 min over 8 h (16-time bouts in total) under 3 different conditions with the same running distance: (1) lactate threshold (LT) for 2 min, (2) 60% LT for 200 s, and (3) onset of blood lactate accumulation (OBLA) for 75 s. The 24-h EE and interstitial glucose concentration (from 8:00 to 19:00 on day 2) was continuously measured throughout the trials. The standard deviation during intervention and indexes of postprandial of the interstitial glucose concentration was significantly lower at LT and OBLA than at 60% LT (p < 0.05). The 24-h EE was not significantly different among conditions, but EE at OBLA during intervention was slightly but significantly higher than at 60% LT and LT.ConclusionBreaking up sedentary time with short-duration jogging at LT and with OBLA intensities may have better glycemic control and increased use of carbohydrate as a fuel, while short-duration a jogging at OBLA intensity may increase EE.Trial registrationUMIN000041361.     

Comparing the accuracy of transcutaneous sensor and 90-day implantable glucose sensor

Background and aimsContinuous glucose monitoring improves glycemic control in diabetes. This study compared the accuracy of the Dexcom G5 Mobile (Dexcom, San Diego, CA) transcutaneous sensor (DG5) and the first version of Eversense (Senseonics,Inc., Germantown, MD) implantable sensor (EVS).Methods and resultsSubjects with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and using EVS wore simultaneously DG5 for seven days. At day 3, patients were admitted to a clinical research center (CRC) to receive breakfast with delayed and increased insulin bolus to induce glucose excursions. At CRC, venous glucose was monitored every 15 min (or 5 min during hypoglycemia) for 6 h by YSI 2300 STAT PLUS? glucose and lactate analyzer. At home patients were requested to perform 4 fingerstick glucose measurements per day.Eleven patients (9 males, age 47.4 ± 11.3 years, M±SD) were enrolled. During home-stay the median [25th-75th percentile] absolute relative difference (ARD) over all CGM-fingerstick matched-pairs was 11.64% [5.38–20.65]% for the DG5 and 10.75% [5.15–19.74]% for the EVS (p-value = 0.58). At CRC, considering all the CGM-YSI matched-pairs, the DG5 showed overall smaller median ARD than EVS, 7.91% [4.14–14.30]% vs 11.4% [5.04–18.54]% (p-value<0.001). Considering accuracy during blood glucose swings, DG5 performed better than EVS when glucose rate-of-change was ?0.5 to ?1.5 mg/dL/min, with median ARD of 7.34% [3.71–12.76]% vs 13.59% [4.53–20.78]% (p-value<0.001), and for rate-of-change < -1.5 mg/dl/min, with median ARD of 5.23% [2.09–15.29]% vs 12.73% [4.14–20.82]% (p-value = 0.02).ConclusionsDG5 was more accurate than EVS at CRC, especially when glucose decreased. No differences were found at home.     

OSAHS患者血液流变学变化的临床研究

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome,OSAHS）是由于睡眠时上气道部分或完全阻塞,引起的呼吸暂停和通气不足,伴有打鼾、睡眠结构紊乱,频繁发生血氧饱和度下降、白天嗜睡等症状。它是一种具有潜在危险的常见病症,长期患病易诱发心脑血管方面的疾病。本研究观察55例OSAHS患者和36例正常人血流动力学的改变,探讨OSAHS患者病理生理改变的规律,进一步认识其影响全身情况的机制。     

动态血糖监测胰岛素瘤一例并文献复习

目的探讨动态血糖监测对胰岛素瘤术前诊断及术后疗效判断的价值。方法应用动态血糖监测系统(CGMS)对1例胰岛素瘤患者术前及术后分别进行连续3 d的血糖监测。结果①术前CGMS共累计监测血糖值871个,平均绝对差为12．9％,血糖的平均值、最高值、最低值分别为4．8、10．8和2．2 mmol/L;患者监测期间表现为夜间及餐前的反复低血糖,血糖<2．8 mmol/L及>7．8 mmol/L所占的时间百分比分别为 14％(595 min)和5％(215 min)。②术后CGMS监测显示患者血糖波动于3．5-7．7 mmol/L,平均血糖值为 5．1 mmol/L。结论动态血糖监测有助于胰岛素瘤的术前诊断及术后疗效判断。     

单臂试验连续型数据的贝叶斯Meta分析方法及实现

目的 介绍单臂试验连续型数据的Meta分析模型、贝叶斯方法及实现。方法 阐述正态-正态层次模型,基于该模型框架,以贝叶斯方法拟合随机效应模型,对效应参数μ和异质性参数τ分别选择不同的先验,使用R软件的bayesmeta包对两个文献数据重新分析。结果 在正态-正态层次模型框架下,基于不同的先验信息,贝叶斯Meta分析结果为:数据1参数μ的点估计及95%CI分别为-4.26(-6.97, -1.92)和-4.50(-9.27, -0.53),参数τ点估计及95%CI分别为1.51(0.41, 2.75)和2.28(0.00, 6.57);数据2参数μ的点估计及95%CI分别为-4.07(-5.54, -2.71)和-4.12(-5.96,-2.46),参数τ点估计及95%CI分别为1.54(0.78, 2.48)和1.81(0.74, 3.51)。结论 不同的先验可能影响参数估计值。基于NNHM框架下的贝叶斯方法适用于单臂试验连续型数据的Meta分析。Bayesmeta包以其简单、快速、准确、可重量性算法等可以用于实现贝叶斯随机效应模型Meta分析。