Synaptic transmission in the decentralized middle cervical ganglion of the dog

The middle cervical ganglion (MCG) was decentralized in 30 dogs by cutting the thoracic vagus and rami on one side. Two or more cardiopulmonary nerves were then dissected free and placed on bipolar stimulating and recording electrodes in mineral-oil baths. Stimulation of one cardiopulmonary nerve generated a compound action potential (CAP) in one or two others. The CAP was altered by changing the frequency of stimulation and by stimulating preganglionic fibers in the rami. These alterations displayed latency changes and temporal summation or inhibition. The ansae were sectioned to neurally isolate the MCG from the stellate ganglion. A CAP generated after blockade by hexamethonium, atropine, propranolol and phentolamine was abolished transiently by chymotrypsin, and for longer periods by manganese, injected locally into the MCG. These results suggest that a CAP that is generated by stimulating one cardiopulmonary nerve in a decentralized MCG and recorded from another may result from synaptic activity in the MCG and that complex neuronal interactions occur within the MCG.     

Genetic variants in the ErbB4 gene are associated with white matter integrity

Variations in the signalling NRG1-ErbB4 pathway have been associated with genetic susceptibility for both bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, although the underlying neural mechanisms are still uncertain. Reduced integrity of the anterior limb of the internal capsule (ALIC) has been found in association with risk-associated genetic variation in the 5′ region of the NRG1 gene. We hypothesised that variation in the gene encoding the NRG1 receptor, ErbB4, would also be associated with reduced ALIC integrity and with cognitive impairments characteristic of individuals with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), we examined the white matter integrity associations of the ErbB4 polymorphism rs4673628, which resides within intron 12 of the gene encoding ErbB4, in 36 healthy individuals. We also sought to clarify the cognitive effects of any findings. We found that genetic variation at the rs4673628 locus in the ErbB4 gene was significantly associated with ALIC white matter integrity which was also significantly and positively associated with mnemonic function. These findings provide further evidence to support a key role of NRG1-ErbB4 signalling in the pathophysiology of major mental disorders.     

妇科养荣胶囊联合米非司酮治疗子宫肌瘤的临床疗效分析

目的观察妇科养荣胶囊联合米非司酮治疗子宫肌瘤的临床疗效。方法将86例确诊为子宫肌瘤的患者随机分为对照组和实验组,实验组患者给予妇科养荣胶囊4粒,口服3次/天,同时加用米非司酮30mg·d-1,对照组患者仅给予米非司酮30mg·d-1,从月经第1天开始服用,连服16周。治疗前后通过彩色多普勒超声测量子宫及子宫肌瘤的三维径线及放射免疫法测定血清孕酮和雌二醇的含量。结果实验组治疗总有效率为95.7%,显著高于对照组(80.0%)(P<0.01);实验组患者用药后子宫体积比用药前缩小27.9%(P<0.05),肌瘤体积缩小57.1%(P<0.01),对照组患者用药后子宫体积比用药前缩小18.8%(P<0.05),肌瘤体积缩小38.2%(P<0.01);实验组患者治疗后子宫及肌瘤缩小的幅度显著高于对照组(P<0.05);此外,两组患者治疗后孕酮和雌二醇的含量较治疗前均明显降低(P<0.01)。结论妇科养荣胶囊联合米非司酮治疗子宫肌瘤的疗效明显优于单独应用米非司酮,其机制可能与其降低血清孕酮和雌二醇的含量有关。     

金龙解郁胶囊治疗失眠症的临床疗效观察

目的探讨中药制剂金龙解郁胶囊对失眠症的疗效和不良反应。方法对临床诊断为失眠症的120例患者给予金龙解郁胶囊口服,4～6粒／晚,对治疗前和治疗2、4周末患者的睡眠状况自评量表（SRSS）进行评估,观察疗效和不良反应。结果患者治疗前SRSS为（424-5）分,治疗2周末为（28±4）分,4周末为（14±3）分,治疗2、4周末与治疗前比较差异均有统计学意义（t=34．696,t=59．501,均P〈0．01）。治疗结束后患者均未出现任何不良反应。结论金龙解郁胶囊治疗失眠症疗效明显,起效快,不良反应少,患者眼药依从一件捍,     

参地糖脉宁胶囊的质量标准研究

目的 :对参地糖脉宁胶囊中的丹参、生地、川芎、大黄等成分进行定性鉴别 ,同时测定该制剂主药丹参的有效成分丹参酮ⅡA 的含量。方法 :采用薄层层析进行定性 ,用固相萃取 -一阶导数紫外分光光度法进行丹参酮ⅡA 含量测定 ,色谱柱为硅胶柱 (内径1 1cm ) ,流动相为二氯甲烷 -甲醇 (8∶2) ,检测波长为280nm。结果 :丹参酮ⅡA 在1 6～8μg/ml范围内呈线性关系 ,r=0 9999 ,平均回收率为96 13 % ,RSD=0 80 %。结论 :本方法简便、稳定、准确 ,能有效地控制该制剂的质量     

Stereospecific recognition of a spirosuccinimide type aldose reductase inhibitor (AS-3201) by plasma proteins: a significant role of specific binding by serum albumin in the improved potency and stability

AS-3201 [(3R)-2'-(4-bromo-2-fluorobenzyl)spiro[pyrrolidine-3,4'(1'H)-pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine]-1',2,3',5(2'H)-tetrone] is a structurally novel and stereospecifically potent aldose reductase (AKR1B; EC 1.1.1.21) inhibitor, which contains a succinimide ring that undergoes ring-opening at physiological pH levels. To delineate intermolecular interactions governing its favorable pharmacokinetic profile, the interaction of AS-3201 (R-isomer) with plasma proteins, especially human serum albumin (HSA), was examined in comparison with that of the optical antipode (S-isomer). Fluorescence, kinetic, and high-performance frontal analyses showed that the R-isomer is more strongly bound than the S-isomer to sites I and II on HSA, and the R-isomer is particularly protected from hydrolysis, suggesting that the stable HSA-R-isomer complex contributes to its prolonged activity. The thermodynamic parameters for the specific binding indicated that in addition to hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen bonds contribute significantly to the R-isomer complex formation. (13)C NMR observations of the succinimide ring (5-(13)C enriched), which are sensitive to its ionization state, suggested the presence of a hydrogen bond between the R-isomer and HSA, and (19)F NMR of the pendent benzyl ring (2-(19)F) evaluated the equilibrium exchange dynamics between the specific sites. Furthermore, fatty acid binding or glycation (both are site II-oriented perturbations) inhibited the binding to one of the specific sites and reduced the stereospecificity of HSA toward the isomers, although the clinical influence of these perturbations on the R-isomer binding ratio seemed to be minor. Thus, the difference in the interaction mode at site II might be a major cause of the stereospecificity; this is discussed on the basis of putative binding modes. The present results, together with preliminary absorption and distribution profiles, provide valuable information on the stereospecific pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the R-isomer relevant for the therapeutic treatment of diabetic complications.     

复方生化颗粒提取工艺研究

目的筛选复方生化颗粒剂的最佳提取工艺。方法采用均匀设计表，考察不同因素对药材中总黄酮以及皂苷类含量的影响，优选提取工艺条件。结果提取工艺的最佳条件为30min／次，提取3次，加水量7倍量／次。结论应用均匀设计法优选工艺，可以节省试验次数，并且筛选的最佳工艺稳定、可行。     

臭氧联合阿德福韦酯胶囊治疗乙肝疗效观察

目的：研究臭氧联合阿德福韦酯胶囊对乙肝的治疗效果。方法：将同期就诊的112例患者按志愿接受治疗为原则,分为治疗组与对照组。治疗组：38例患者,予臭氧自血疗法联合阿德福韦酯胶囊,臭氧自血疗法疗程3个月,阿德福韦酯胶囊疗程18个月;对照A组：34例患者,单独使用口服阿德福韦酯胶囊,疗程18个月;对照B组：40例患者.单独使用臭氧自血疗法,疗程3个月。比较三组治疗后各项指标的变化。结果：治疗组联合应答率为47.3％;对照A组为38.2％：对照B组为40.0％。结论：臭氧自血疗法联合阿德福韦酯胶囊治疗乙肝疗效与单用阿德福韦酯胶囊近期疗效比较,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。该治疗方法起效快,值得临床应用。     

益脑通络胶囊对光化学诱导大鼠局灶性脑梗死的治疗作用

目的:研究益脑通络胶囊对缺血性脑梗死的治疗作用及量效关系.方法:选取健康清洁级雄性SD大鼠共40只建立局灶性脑梗死模型,造模成功后将大鼠随机分为模型组(空白对照组)、益脑通络胶囊大、中、小剂量治疗组(大、中、小剂量组)和对照组(治疗对照组),治疗前后分别对各组进行体重测量、神经功能评分及梗死灶测定,比较各组间治疗效果的差异.结果:治疗组与空白对照组相比,体重及梗死灶体积差异均有非常显著性的意义(P＜0.01);治疗组与治疗对照组相比,体重差异有非常显著性的意义(P＜0.01),大、中剂量组与治疗对照组相比,梗死灶明显减小(P＜0.01).治疗组与治疗对照组治疗后神经功能评分比较,差异无显著性意义.结论:益脑通络胶囊对光化学诱导的局灶性脑梗死有显著治疗作用,对缺血性脑损伤亦有明显保护作用.     

坚骨胶囊联合常规方案治疗强直性脊柱炎合并骨质疏松的临床观察

目的:观察坚骨胶囊联合常规方案治疗强直性脊柱炎合并骨质疏松的临床疗效和安全性。方法:90例强直性脊柱炎合并骨质疏松患者按随机数字表法均分为对照组、观察一组和观察二组。对照组患者给予柳氮磺吡啶片1.0 g,口服,bid;塞来昔布胶囊0.2 g,口服,bid。观察一组患者在对照组治疗的基础上给予阿伦磷酸钠70 mg,每周1次。观察二组患者在对照组治疗的基础上给予坚骨胶囊1.75 g,口服,tid。3组患者均以4周为1个疗程,共治疗6个疗程。观察3组患者的临床疗效,治疗前后中医症状积分及体征,实验室指标,疾病活动度指标,骨代谢生化指标,各部位骨密度值和足跟骨强度指数及不良反应发生情况。结果:治疗后观察二组患者总有效率>观察一组>对照组,3组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后3组患者中医症状积分、枕墙距、指地距、颌柄距、实验室指标、疾病活动度指标、骨钙素(BGP)、I型前胶原羧基末端前肽(PICP)、双氢嘧啶脱氢酶(DPD)、I型胶原羧基端吡啶并啉交联肽(ICTP)均显著低于同组治疗前,且观察一组、观察二组均低于对照组;胸廓活动度、脊柱前弯受限、脊柱活动度、甲状旁腺素(PTH)、骨碱性磷酸酶(BALP)、各部位骨密度值及足跟骨强度指数均显著高于同组治疗前,且观察一组、观察二组均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),但观察一组与观察二组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。3组患者不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:坚骨胶囊治疗强直性脊柱炎合并骨质疏松疗效显著,安全性较好。