腹腔镜探查诊治腹部闭合性损伤的价值

目的探讨腹腔镜探查在腹部闭合性损伤中的应用及可行性。方法回顾性分析福建医科大学附属闽东医院61例腹部闭合性损伤患者行腹腔镜探查的临床资料。结果经过腹腔镜探查,21例（34.4%）避免开腹探查,17例（27.9%）在腹腔镜下完成手术,22例（36.1%）诊断明确后中转开腹取相应部位小切口或腔镜辅助下手术,1例（1.6%）漏诊,经过观察引流管引流液性状开腹探查,最终康复出院。结论腹腔镜探查腹部闭合性损伤符合微创的原则,兼诊断和治疗的优点,对病情允许的患者,主张选择腹腔镜探查。     

发育性髋关节脱位闭合复位术后残留髋臼发育不良手术指证及时机的回顾性多中心研究

目的 分析发育性髋关节脱位(developmental dislocation of the hip,DDH)闭合复位后残留髋臼发育不良指数变化的特点,探讨DDH闭合复位的最佳干预时间及治疗方案.方法 回顾性分析2004年3月至2014年7月间7家医院277例DDH闭合复位后残留髋臼发育不良患儿的临床资料,分析患儿髋臼指数(acetabular index,AI)变化.结果 277例患儿中,男34例,女243例.闭合复位后18个月残留AI异常(髋臼发育不良)相关风险因素为:闭合时年龄、闭合复位术前的AI.统计DDH患儿行闭合复位前、后不同时间点AI,其在逐渐减小,且在闭合复位1年内下降最快,2～4年后AI下降基本稳定.手术干预组(22例)术后1年AI为(18.8±1.1)度,与术前(30.6±0.9)度比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.001).保守治疗组(255例)复位后3年平均AI为(26.7±4.5)度与手术干预组干预后1年平均AI(18.2±1.6)度比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.001).保守治疗组复位后4年平均AI为(24.9±5.3)度与手术干预组干预后2年平均AI(14.8±2.3)度比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.001).结论 闭合复位后残留髋臼发育不良的风险因素为闭合复位时的年龄、闭合复位术前的AI.手术干预的近期效果较保守治疗好.在DDH在闭合复位2～4年后,如仍存在髋臼发育不良,AI＞23度,应考虑进行手术干预治疗.     

闭合式小切口手法碎核折叠式人工晶体植入联合穿透性角膜移植术

目的探讨利用小切口手法碎核技术,选择性地对同时患有角膜病变和白内障的病例施行闭合式白内障摘除人工晶体植入联合穿透性角膜移植（三联术）的临床效果。方法选择2001年1月至2005年12月在本中心就诊的12例（13只眼）同时患有角膜病变和白内障的病人,在局麻下先施行3mm弦长、180度圆弧的巩膜隧道切口,手法碎核（三切核）、植入6.5mm直径的折叠式人工晶体后,用负压环钻切除病变角膜组织,立即用连续缝合法将植片缝于植床。术后常规全身应用抗生素和皮质激素,局部滴用免疫抑制剂（环孢霉素A）滴眼剂2～6个月;最后随访时间为2～72个月,平均22个月。结果本组12例（13只眼）无一例在术中发生并发症。术后1例发生浅前房,3d后前房恢复正常,但虹膜周边局部前粘;出院时,眼压均在正常范围。1例在术后5个月时发生植片自溶,再次行角膜移植,半年后植片血管化,放弃治疗。3例术后1年发生免疫排斥反应;经再次局部应用免疫抑制剂2～3个月后角膜恢复透明。最后随访时,9例植片透明,3例在植缘有少量新生血管;瞳孔均居中,基本为圆形;人工晶体位置不偏,后囊明显混浊1例,施行YAG激光后囊膜切开。无一例发现囊口收缩或明显的囊口纤维化。最后随访时矫正视力0.04～0.8,平均0.4。结论选择性地对同时患有角膜病变和白内障的病人采用闭合式小切口手法碎核三联术,术式简化、术时短;术中并发症少、风险小、安全;可以尽早地恢复病眼的视力。     

Generator localization by current source density (CSD): Implications of volume conduction and field closure at intracranial and scalp resolutions

The topographic ambiguity and reference-dependency that has plagued EEG/ERP research throughout its history are largely attributable to volume conduction, which may be concisely described by a vector form of Ohm’s Law. This biophysical relationship is common to popular algorithms that infer neuronal generators via inverse solutions. It may be further simplified as Poisson’s source equation, which identifies underlying current generators from estimates of the second spatial derivative of the field potential (Laplacian transformation). Intracranial current source density (CSD) studies have dissected the “cortical dipole” into intracortical sources and sinks, corresponding to physiologically-meaningful patterns of neuronal activity at a sublaminar resolution, much of which is locally cancelled (i.e., closed field). By virtue of the macroscopic scale of the scalp-recorded EEG, a surface Laplacian reflects the radial projections of these underlying currents, representing a unique, unambiguous measure of neuronal activity at scalp. Although the surface Laplacian requires minimal assumptions compared to complex, model-sensitive inverses, the resulting waveform topographies faithfully summarize and simplify essential constraints that must be placed on putative generators of a scalp potential topography, even if they arise from deep or partially-closed fields. CSD methods thereby provide a global empirical and biophysical context for generator localization, spanning scales from intracortical to scalp recordings.     

经封闭式负压引流后应用游离股前外侧皮瓣移植修复足部皮肤缺损的临床疗效

目的探讨经封闭式负压引流后应用游离股前外侧皮瓣移植修复足部皮肤缺损的临床疗效。方法选取2017年1月至2019年1月我院收治的76例足部皮肤缺损患者,随机分为两组,对照组进行经封闭式负压引流治疗,研究组在对照组基础上进行游离股前外侧皮瓣移植修复。比较两组治疗总有效率、生活质量评分、感觉功能恢复状况、植皮成功率。结果与对照组比较,研究组治疗总有效率更高(P0.05);与对照组比较,研究组生活质量评分更高(P0.05);与对照组比较,研究组S3、S1区感觉功能恢复率更高(P0.05),但其余区感觉功能恢复没有明显差异;与对照组比较,研究组植皮成功率更高(P0.05)。结论对足部皮肤缺损患者,应用经封闭式负压引流治疗基础上联合游离股前外侧皮瓣移植修复治疗,效果理想,可提高皮瓣移植成功率,改善生活质量,恢复部分感觉功能。因此,该治疗方法值得广泛应用。     

Quantitative EEG Findings Among Men Convicted of Murder

Abstract

Quantitative EEG data were collected from 20 men convicted of murder and sentenced to death. Measures of coherence, phase, amplitude asymmetry, and relative power from 19 scalp electrode sites during an eyes closed, resting condition were compared to a normative database. Measures significantly different from normal were tallied to determine electrode site locations with greatest concentrations of abnormalities. There were more right than left hemisphere abnormalities of coherence, phase, and amplitude asymmetry, and more anterior than posterior abnormalities of phase, amplitude asymmetry, and relative power. Bilateral frontal, right temporal, and parietal sites had the greatest concentrations of multiple abnormalities. Increased coherence and longer neural conduction times characterized the majority of coherence and phase abnormalities. The concentrations of frontal and right hemisphere abnormalities are discussed as relating to impairment, in executive functions, modulation of affect, and perception of affect in others. Such impairments perhaps in conjunction with adverse environmental events, are suggested as placing one at risk for violent behaviors. Relevance of these findings for future research, forensic neuropsychological assessments, and neurofeedback treatment is mentioned.     

Closed suction drainage for deep neck infections

PurposeThere have been various incision and drainage methods for deep neck infection (DNI). Closed-suction drainage (CSD) has been used to decrease hematoma or to drain pus in other forms of medical surgery. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the usefulness of CSD for DNI.Patients and methodsThis study consisted of 30 patients who underwent CSD after incision and drainage for DNI between January 2006 and December 2011. The patients' demographics, systemic diseases, methods of airway control, involved spaces, incision, CSD results, duration of hospitalization, and complications were investigated.ResultsCSD was used to treat 30 DNI patients. Eleven patients (37%) had underlying systemic diseases like diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hepatitis, asthma, etc. Twenty four patients (80%) had odontogenic infections in the mandibular molar region. Tracheostomy was performed in 5 patients (17%). The involved spaces were various from parapharyngeal space to mediastinum (mean: 4.8 spaces), and CSD was applied with drainage lines (mean: 3; 2–7 drains) over the course of 4–37 days (mean 14.6 days). The total amount of drained pus was 8–1344 cc (mean: 406 cc) and the daily amount was 1–61 cc (mean: 28 cc) from each patient. The mean length of hospital stay was 26 days, with a range of 9–83 days. Wound rupture happened in 7% of 56 total incision sites and spontaneous removal of the drain tube occurred in 3% of 91 total tubes. Four patients died because of cardiac arrest, pulmonary edema, and hypoxia. A statistical significance was accepted about total and daily amount of drainage at Pearson's correlation test (p < 0.001).ConclusionAccurate diagnosis, safe airway management, and early surgical drainage were important in DNI treatment. Compared to other drainage systems, CSD is clinically useful for treating DNI due to minimal incision, convenience of post-operative management, and less postoperative complications.     

Comparison of two closed surgical techniques at isolated pediatric radial neck fractures

IntroductionThis paper aims to compare the clinical and radiological results of children operated using elastic stable intramedullary nailing as described by Métaizeau to those with the closed reduction and percutaneous pinning (CRPP).MethodsResults of 21 pediatric patients with radial neck fracture who were treated by two pediatric surgeons between January 2011 and December 2013 were reviewed retrospectively. 10 were treated with the Métaizeau method versus 11 with the CRPP. Operation time, fluoroscopic exposure time, Mayo elbow performance score (MEPS) and radiological assessment at final follow-up 1 year or greater and complications were main outcome measures.ResultsThe MEPS were excellent in all the patients of both groups. Reduction quality was excellent in 8 patients and good in 2 of the Métaizeau, and excellent in 9 and good in 2 of the CRPP. The fluoroscopy and operating times were statistically significantly greater, 3-fold and 2-fold respectively, in the Métaizeau method compared to the CRPP with comparable functional and radiological results.ConclusionSurgeon should adhere to a closed surgical method of his/her experience for excellent result.Level of evidenceTherapeutic Level III.     

负压封闭引流术治疗骨科软组织损伤的护理观察

目的分析负压封闭引流术（VSD）治疗骨科软组织损伤的护理效果。方法收集2011年2月到2013年2月收治的120例骨科软组织损伤患者临床资料，随机分为对照组与观察组，各60例。对照组采取常规方法治疗及护理，实验组实施VSD治疗及对症护理。结果观察组创面平均清洁时间、护理满意程度明显优于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P〈O．05）。结论在骨科软组织损伤临床治疗中应用VSD治疗，并实施对症护理措施，安全性与有效性显著，值得临床推广。     

闭合复位经皮空心螺钉内固定治疗后踝骨折临床疗效评价

目的：分析评价闭合复位经皮空心螺钉内固定治疗后踝骨折的临床效果。方法分析该院2009年1月—2014年5月收治的62例后踝骨折采用闭合复位经皮空心螺钉内固定治疗患者的临床资料,评价临床效果。结果所有患者均得到随访,平均随访时间为（21.5±6.5）个月,62例患者骨折平均愈合时间为（9.5±2.5）周,按照美国AOFAS推荐的评分系统有43例为优,17例为良,2例为可,优良率为96.8%。结论闭合复位经皮空心螺钉内固定治疗后踝骨折疗效满意,值得临床推广应用。