透明质酸钠关节注射配合穴位按压治疗膝骨性关节炎疗效分析

目的:探讨透明质酸钠关节腔注射配合穴位按压治疗膝骨性关节炎的临床疗效.方法:126例膝骨性关节炎随机分为治疗组(透明质酸钠关节腔注射配合穴位按压)64例和对照组(康宁克通关节腔注射)62例,分别对其治疗前后及组间在步行距离、关节疼痛、肿胀、压痛、关节活动受限、总有效率和治疗后6个月、12个月上述各参数进行比较、分析.结果:治疗组在步行距离、关节功能活动受限、关节疼痛及6～12个月后在关节疼痛和关节活动受限均较对照组有较显著改善(P＜0.01),治疗组总有效率优于对照组(P＜0.05).结论:对早、中期的膝骨性关节炎透明质酸钠关节腔注射配合穴位按压在缓解关节疼痛、改善关节功能活动受限方面有显著的效果,并能维持较长的疗效,操作简便,适合临床推广.     

注射用熊胆粉及其原料熊胆粉指纹图谱研究

目的:建立注射用熊胆粉及其原料熊胆粉指纹图谱的分析方法.方法:采用反相高效液相色谱法(RP-HPLC法).色谱柱用Shim-pack VP C18柱(4.0 mm×150 mm,5μm);流动相为甲醇-0.03 mol/L磷酸二氢钠溶液,梯度洗脱;检测波长为210 nm.结果:样品中各成分可得到较好的分离,指纹性较好;方法学考察表明,RP-HPLC法具有较好的重现性;指纹图谱相似度评价相关系数均大于0.9.结论:该指纹图谱可作为熊胆粉、注射用熊胆粉具有专属性的指纹图谱,适于作熊胆粉及其制剂的质量控制方法.     

再论我国药事管理结构体系

本文探讨了我国药事管理结构体系,进一步界定了我国药事管理的目的、目标、性质、方法以及药事管理学学科属性和研究方向等问题.     

类比和比较研究方法在药事管理学研究中的应用

本文对类比和比较的方法在药事管理学研究中的应用加以分析和研究,说明两种方法的区别,提出两种方法应用的范围和需要注意的问题,希望对药事管理学研究工作提供参考.     

药事管理学科研选题之我见

药事管理学科研选题是药事管理研究的起始,本文对选题的原则及选题应注意的问题加以论述.     

两种治疗方案根除幽门螺杆菌的临床疗效观察

目的:比较两种治疗方案根除幽门螺杆菌的临床疗效.方法:138例慢性消化性溃疡和慢性胃炎患者分为甲硝唑治疗组和阿莫西林对照组,分别服用上述两组药物,bid,连服1周.结果:两组治愈率分别为95.6%和88.%,两组间有显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论:1周常规剂量根除幽门螺杆菌,甲硝唑组优于阿莫西林组.     

活血化瘀方对高脂饮食致家兔动脉粥样硬化的影响

目的 探讨五首活血化瘀方对高脂喂饲家兔动脉粥样硬化(AS)的影响。方法 采用高脂喂饲复制家兔动脉粥样硬化模型,观察各组家兔血脂、载脂蛋白、血液流变学改变。结果 血府逐瘀汤组家兔血清TC、LDL-c明显低于丹参饮组、桃红四物汤组(P<0.01),血清TC/HDL-c明显低于丹参饮组、失笑散组、桃红四物汤组(P<0.01),血清TG低于丹参饮组(P<0.05),血清TG/HDL-c比值低于丹参饮组、失笑散组、活络效灵丹组(P<0.01);血清apoB100低于失笑散组、桃红四物汤组(P<0.05);血浆粘度明显低于活络效灵丹组、桃红四物汤组(P<0.01),全血粘度(低切、高切)明显低于失笑散组(P<0.01);活络效灵丹组家兔血清TC、LDL-c低于丹参饮组、桃红四物汤组(P<0.05),血清TC/HDL-c明显低于丹参饮组、桃红四物汤组(P<0.01),亦低于失笑散组(P<0.05);家兔血清apoB100低于丹参饮组、失笑散组、桃红四物汤组(P<0.05),血清apoA1/apoB100比值高于丹参饮组、失笑散组、桃红四物汤组(P<0.05);丹参饮组家兔全血粘度(低切、高切)明显低于失笑散组(P<0.01),红细胞比容低于桃红四物汤组(P<0.05);桃红四物汤组血清TG低于丹参饮组(P<0.05),血清TG/HDL-c低于丹参饮组、失笑散组(P<0.05),全血粘度(低切、高切)低于失笑散组(P<0.05)。结论 五首活血化瘀方均可不同     

复方甘草酸苷与甘草酸二铵治疗拉米夫定停药后反跳的疗效观察

目的 :观察复方甘草酸苷与甘草酸二铵治疗拉米夫定停药后慢性乙型肝炎 (CHB)患者病情反跳的疗效 ,并比较其差异。方法 :将76例停用拉米夫定后CHB病情反跳的患者分为复方甘草酸苷组和甘草酸二铵组。观察和记录患者症状、体征的变化及药物不良反应 ,定期检测肝功能、HBV血清免疫学标志物、HBV -DNA定量等项目 ,随访12个月。结果 :复方甘草酸苷组与甘草酸二铵组总有效率分别为79 49 %和75 68 % ,两组间无显著性差异 (P>0 05) ;两组在AST复常方面有显著性差异 (P<0 01) ;复方甘草酸苷组显效率为69 23 % ,甘草酸二铵组显效率为48 65 % ,两组亦有显著性差异 (P<0 05)。结论 :复方甘草酸苷与甘草酸二铵治疗拉米夫定停药后CHB患者病情反跳均有明显的疗效 ,前者停药后病情反跳率低 ,疗效稳定、持久。     

The need for pharmaceutical care in the prevention of coronary heart disease: an exploratory study in acute myocardial infarction patients

AIM: To determine guideline-related pharmaceutical care issues for the prevention of coronary heart disease in hospitalised patients admitted for myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS: Consecutive patients admitted with a diagnosis of Q-wave MI to two large teaching hospitals were studied. Relevant patient medical and drug histories, co-morbidities and total cholesterol concentrations were recorded. Primary or secondary prevention treatment prior to admission was assessed using a data collection tool of 16 criteria developed from the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) guidelines. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Frequency of adherence to defined clinical guideline criteria. RESULTS: There were 167 patients reviewed (mean age 65 years, 111 males), representing possible candidates for primary prevention (n = 98) or secondary prevention (n = 69) based on absence or presence of past history of coronary heart disease (CHD), respectively. Possible primary prevention candidates: eight guideline-based criteria were developed from the SIGN guideline. There were 85 (87%) patients with a total cholesterol concentration available on admission of whom 56 (66%) had a predicted CHD risk > or = 15% and 10 (12%) had CHD risk > or = 30%. Of those with CHD risk > or = 15% 6 (11%) had been receiving an anti-platelet agent and of those with CHD risk > or = 30% only 1 (10%) was recorded as taking a statin. Of known hypertensives with CHD risk > or = 15%, 21% (5/24) were not recorded as having received treatment. Secondary prevention candidates: a further eight guideline-based criteria were developed from the SIGN guidelines. There were 42/65 (65%) candidates for aspirin documented as receiving it. There were 22/47 (47%) of those who had a total cholesterol > or = 5 mmol/l and/or known history of hypercholesterolaemia receiving a statin (representing 76% of the known hypercholesterolaemic patients identified in the community). Of statin-treated patients with a cholesterol measured on admission, 44% (7/16) had cholesterol remaining > or = 5 mmol/l. Beta-blocker use was 27/62 (44%) and ACE inhibitors use was 11/31 (36%) of those eligible. Sublingual GTN was recorded in 36/69 (52%). CONCLUSION: The study has identified opportunities for improved pharmaceutical care in primary and secondary CHD prevention among those destined to suffer an MI. Candidates for secondary prevention are potentially identifiable from community pharmacy patient medication records from which the contribution of pharmacists in primary care might be targeted. The findings were obtained during a period of evolution of the evidence-base and so they establish a baseline for future work.