Clear cell meningioma with anaplastic features: Case report and review of literature

Clear cell meningioma (CCM) is an uncommon variant of meningioma, corresponding to WHO grade II. We present two cases of CCMs with anaplastic features in the intracranial and intraspinal region. The first case is a 65-year-old male who gradually developed changes in behavior over a period of 1 year. The second case is a 35-year-old female who presented with a 7-month history of posterior cervicothoracic pain and dysuria for 1 week. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an intracranial lesion in the right frontal lobe in the male patient, and an intradural extramedullary lesion at C7 in the female patient. On histological examination, both tumors partly exhibited unusual anaplastic appearances with nuclear pleomorphism, high mitotic activity and necrosis, distinct from classical CCMs. Tumor cells were immunoreactive to epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and vimentin, with a high MIB-1 index up to 40%. Total excision was performed. The male patient was found to have developed local recurrence and lateral ventricle metastasis 3 months after surgery. A diagnosis of CCM with anaplastic features was made (WHO grade III). Based on its aggressive behavior, we recommend postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy or chemotherapy even if total excision of the tumor has been performed, and MRI scans every 3–6 months during the first period of follow-up.     

A Proposal for Reclassification of the Fuhrman Grading System in Patients with Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma

Background

The conventional Fuhrman grading system, which categorizes renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with grades I, II, III, and IV, is the most widely used predictor assessment of RCC cancer-specific mortality (CSM).

Objectives

The aim of this study was to test the prognostic ability of simplified Fuhrman grading schemes (FGSs) that rely on two- or three-tiered classifications.

Design, setting, and participants

The current study addressed a population of 14 064 patients with clear cell RCC who were treated with partial or radical nephrectomy between 1988–2004, within nine Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) cancer registries.

Measurements

Univariable and multivariable analyses as well as prognostic accuracy analyses were performed for various FGSs to test their ability to predict CSM rates. The conventional four-tiered FGS was compared to a modified two-tiered FGS in which grades I and II and grades III and IV were combined. A second simplified three-tiered FGS in which grades I and II were combined but grades III and IV were kept separate was also tested.

Results and limitations

The overall 5-yr CSM-free rate was 81.5%. All three FGSs achieved independent predictor status in multivariable analyses. Prognostic accuracy of multivariable models that relied on various FGSs was 83.6% for the modified two-tiered FGS and 83.8% for both the conventional four-tiered and the modified three-tiered FGS.

Conclusions

Our findings indicate that the simplified FGSs perform equally as well as the conventional four-tiered FGS. The use of simplified grading schemes may represent an advantage for pathologists as well as for clinicians caring for patients with RCC.     

中西医结合治疗急性非淋巴细胞白血病

目的观察分析中西医结合治疗急性非淋巴细胞白血病的临床疗效。方法以清热解毒、益气养阴类中药配合MA化疗方案治疗40例急性非淋巴细胞白血病。结果 40例中,完全缓解(CR)24例,占60%;部分缓解(PR)11例,占27.5%;未缓解(NR)5例,占12.5%;总缓解率87.5%。远期疗效,3年以上存活10例,占25%。结论中西医结合治疗急性非淋巴细胞白血病能减轻化疗药物不良反应,明显提高缓解率及长期生存率。     

96例葡萄胎临床分析

目的对葡萄胎的发病诱因、临床表现进行分析,加强对葡萄胎的早期诊断、正确处理、定期随访和预后的重视。方法回顾性分析1995年1月至2005年1月间96例葡萄胎患者的临床治疗。结果经过吸宫、二次诊刮、预防性化疗、宫切、化疗等治疗,无1例死亡,随访2—4年均健在,绒毛膜促性腺激素（HCG）测定正常,96例临床患者均获临床治愈。结论对葡萄胎宜早诊断、早治疗,对高危病例宜行预防性化疗及宫切,对葡萄胎患者出院后的定期随访工作更为重要。     

两种不同切口白内障超声乳化术后的临床疗效比较

目的比较分别采用透明角膜切口和改良角巩膜切口的白内障患者术后疗效及并发症情况。方法研究共纳入80例共90只眼年龄相关性白内障患者进行白内障超声乳化吸除联合人工晶状体植入术。根据手术切口的类型,将其分为两组:A组为透明角膜切口,40例共42眼;B组为改良角巩膜切口,40例共48眼。对患者术后的视力、散光及并发症情况等随访3个月,用SPSS17.0对数据进行统计分析。结果两组患者术后视力及角膜散光比较,差异均无统计学意义,但采用透明角膜切口组的术后早期并发症均较采用改良角巩膜切口组重,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在以后的白内障超声乳化术中,改良角巩膜切口可能是一种更为理想手术切口方式。     

无托槽隐形矫治微型测力系统的建立

目的 建立无托槽隐形矫治微型测力实验平台,以测量矫治过程中牙齿的应力.方法 开发基于硅衬底的应力传感器芯片,随后进行芯片减薄,并采用四点弯曲结构进行压阻系数标定,使用超薄的柔性电路板封装传感器芯片,引出信号,搭建完整的隐形矫治应力测量实验平台.结果 制造完成的应力传感器芯片长7.0 mm、宽6.0 mm、厚0.1mm,其上包括13个注入制造的单晶硅压阻应力敏感单元和4个标定单元;设计制造了基于多路选择电路的主测试电路板,搭建了完整的隐形矫治应力测量实验平台,通过压阻阻值的测量计算出13个测量单元位置所在的应力.结论 建立了无托槽隐形矫治微型测力系统的实验平台,为精确测量矫治过程中牙齿的局部应力提供了方法.     

平扫CT能谱成像对乏脂肪肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤与肾透明细胞癌的鉴别价值

目的 探讨能谱CT平扫对乏脂肪肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤(RAML)与肾透明细胞癌(CCRCC)的鉴别价值.方法 搜集经手术病理证实直径1～3 cm乏脂肪RAML(A组)7例(15个病灶)、CCRCC(B组)18例(18个病灶)的CT能谱成像资料.回顾性分析平扫40 ～ 140 keV各单能量CT值及混合能量CT值、有效原子序数、水基浓度值及平均脂基浓度值,并计算平扫能谱曲线斜率(k).结果 A组平扫单能量及混合能量对应的中位CT值皆大于B组,两者差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),且于40 keV两者差异最大.当平扫40 keV下CT值＞76.54 HU时,诊断A组排除B组的特异性为100％,敏感性为73.3％,AUC为0.819,特异性明显高于常规CT值;A组中位有效原子序数大于B组,而A组中位k、平均脂基浓度值皆小于B组,两者差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).两组水基浓度值差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 利用CT能谱成像平扫可以较好的鉴别乏脂肪RAML及CCRCC,特别是低keV水平CT值有很高的特异性.     

肾透明细胞癌的CT、MRI诊断

目的探讨肾透明细胞癌的CT、MRI表现.方法回顾性分析165例经手术病理证实的肾透明细胞癌的CT、MRI表现.结果 165例共有172处病灶.肿瘤的最大径为1～12 cm,平均4.6 cm.本组97.1%(167/172)肾透明细胞癌有共同的CT、MRI表现:平扫呈均匀或不均匀的等、稍低、稍高或混杂密度或信号;增强扫描皮髓期,肿瘤呈不均匀明显强化,强化最明显处强化程度与邻近肾皮质相似或更强.结论肾透明细胞癌多为富血供性,有特征性CT、MRI表现,可与其他亚型肾细胞癌鉴别诊断.