Neuropathic arthropathy caused by chondrosarcoma of the cervical spine

We describe a 43-year-old woman with grade 1 chondrosarcoma of the cervical spine who developed neuropathic arthropathy. Plain radiography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging of the cervical spine revealed a so-called dumbbell tumor. We suggest that this tumor was responsible for the development of neuropathic arthropathy in bilateral hip joints, the left shoulder joint, and the left first metacarpophalangeal joint. This is the first reported case of neuropathic arthropathy secondary to chondrosarcoma of the cervical spine.     

Primary malignant tumours of the bone

Primary bone tumours are rare, with approximately 400 new cases per year in the UK. The diagnosis of bone tumours are hampered by delays in presentation. Radiographic changes are often characteristic for each type of bone tumour and should alert the physician to investigate further. Investigations should include blood tests, local staging and systemic staging. MRI, CT of the chest and isotope bone scans are important in evaluating the tumour. The most common types of bone tumour are osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, spindle cell sarcoma of bone and chordoma. The important pathological features and treatment of each type of tumour are described in this article. Early contact to a supra-regional bone tumour unit is mandatory when a bone tumour is suspected, where a multidisciplinary team approach is employed for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate management. Biopsy and surgical treatment should only be undertaken in such a unit and all patients should be enrolled in international clinical trials, where feasible, to gather data that will ultimately improve outcomes. The survival rates from most bone tumours are of the order of 60–80% with appropriate treatment.     

Primary malignant tumours of the bone

Primary bone tumours are rare, with a prevalence of approximately 550 cases per year in the UK. Late presentation and identification of tumours delays diagnosis and negatively impacts on the survival of these patients. Characteristic clinical and radiological features of bone tumours should alert the physician to investigate further. Investigations should include blood tests and local and systemic imaging. MRI, CT and isotope bone scans are important in evaluating the tumour. The most common types of bone tumour are osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, spindle cell sarcoma of bone and chordoma. The important pathological features and treatment of each type of tumour are described in this article. Early contact with a supra-regional bone tumour unit is mandatory when a bone tumour is suspected, where a multidisciplinary approach to management is employed. Biopsy and surgical treatment should be carried out in these units wherever possible. Patients should be enrolled in international clinical trials, where feasible, to gather data that will ultimately improve outcomes. The survival rates from most bone tumours are 60–80% with appropriate treatment.     

Involvement of matrix metalloproteinase-3 in CCL5/CCR5 pathway of chondrosarcomas metastasis

CCL5 (previously called RANTES) was originally recognized as a product of activated T cells, and plays a crucial role in the migration and metastasis of human cancer cells. It has been reported that the effect of CCL5 is mediated via CCR receptors. We found that human chondrosarcoma tissues had significant expression of the CCL5 and CCR5, which was higher than that in normal cartilage. We also found CCL5 increased the migration and matrix metalloproteinases-3 (MMP)-3 expression in human chondrosarcoma cells (JJ012 cells). In addition, MMP-3 small interfering RNA and inhibitor inhibited the CCL5-induced cell migration. Activations of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), Akt and NF-κB pathways after CCL5 treatment was demonstrated, and CCL5-induced expression of MMP-3 and migration activity was inhibited by the specific inhibitor of PI3K, Akt and NF-κB cascades. Taken together, these results indicate that CCL5 and CCR5 interaction enhanced migration of chondrosarcoma cells through the increase of MMP-3 production.     

Primary maxillary chondrosarcoma: A case report

BACKGROUND Sarcomas of the head and neck region are rare tumors,constituting less than 1%of malignant neoplasms in this area,of which few cases(20%)originate from bone or cartilage.Chondrosarcoma is a malignant neoplasm that develops in bone,with a predilection for the pelvis,chest wall,and scapula,and is uncommon in the maxilla and jaw.Although this type of lesion has locally aggressive behavior,destroying the affected bone,it can metastasize when it is not diagnosed early and compromise the patient's life.CASE SUMMARY On intraoral examination of a 32-year-old female with a tumor in the middle third of the face,a well-defined rise in volume of approximately 3 cm in diameter was observed.Computed tomography with 3-dimensional reconstruction was performed,and we observed that the osteolytic lesion affected the vestibular cortex as the palatal bone.Hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed an appearance that was similar to mature hyaline cartilage,hypercellularity,nuclear and cellular pleomorphism,and multinucleated cells,with significant vacuolization.CONCLUSION Determination of the clinical and histopathological characteristics of rare neoplasms in the maxillofacial region,such as chondrosarcomas,allows the pathologist and surgeon to make the appropriate therapeutic decisions,optimizing the patient’s prognosis.     

原发性肋骨软骨肉瘤1例

患者女,43岁,右侧腰背部酸痛不适3月余。上腹部CT:右侧后腹膜见不规则软组织密度影,界限清晰,其内见多发囊状改变,边缘见点状钙化影,与右侧第11肋骨关系密切;增强后囊性部分未见明确强化,边缘轻度延迟强化;邻近肝脏、肾脏推压移位(图1)。诊断:右侧后腹膜占位,以神经来源肿     

Intracranial chondrosarcoma located in the region of the posterior clinoid process: a case report

Intracranial chondrosarcomas located in the region of the posterior clinoid process have not been focused on. Here, we report the case of a 29-year-old woman with a skull base tumor in that region. Seven years after the diagnosis, the tumor had grown and showed calcification and tumor stain; chondrosarcoma, posterior clinoid meningioma, and chordoma were suspected. The patient underwent subtotal tumor resection, and the histopathological study revealed that the tumor was a low-grade chondrosarcoma. Chondrosarcomas can be located in the region of the posterior clinoid process, and not only chordomas but also posterior clinoid meningiomas should be considered as a differential diagnosis of tumors located in that region, especially when the tumor has calcification or receives a vascular supply.