绝经后骨质疏松症中药治疗研究文献的质量评价

目的 了解目前国内中药治疗绝经后骨质疏松症的临床治疗研究的现状。方法 对检索到的50篇有关中药治疗绝经后骨质疏松症的临床研究论文，按照牛津循证医学中心证据水平标准和临床试验的没计原则，从诊断标准、纳入和排除标准、组间基线可比性、随机、对照、双盲、统计学方法、疗效判断、疗程及药物的不良反应、随访等多个方面进行分析评价。结果 50篇相关文献中，按照牛津循证医学中心证据水平标准评价，推荐级别为B级的占44.0％，C级的占56.0％；证据水平为2b级的占40.0％，3b级的占4.0％，4级的占56.0％；随机对照试验文献占44.0％；临床对照试验文献占4.0％；采用随机双盲者占9.1％，随机单盲者占18.2％，说明组间基线可比的占31.8％，有诊断标准的占90.9％，有纳入和排除标准的占86.4％，说明统计方法的占52.4％，有客观疗效评价指标的占90.9％，说明药物不良反应的占9.1％。结论 有关中医药治疗绝经后骨质疏松症的临床研究论文日益增多，但随机对照试验比例偏低，研究设计及论文撰写水平有待进一步提高。     

关于中成药口腔崩解片开发应用的思考

通过对口腔崩解片的特点及主要制备工艺的分析,结合当前中成药工业的现状及具体实际,认为口腔崩解片可以应用于中成药制剂的开发。     

四种中药对骨愈合过程中相关基因表达的影响

目的:探索中药水蛭、海螵蛸、阿胶、骨碎补在骨折愈合过程中的干预作用,了解它们各自的调节靶点,探索建构其基因组学的途径。方法:通过在大鼠胫骨打孔的方法建立单因素干扰模型,并将300只大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组和给药组(分别用4种中药给药),每组50只,分别在实验的第4、7、14、21、28天不同时间点采用原位杂交方法对各类mRNA的变化进行动态观察,分析骨愈合过程中Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型前胶原mRNA、转化生长因子TGF-β1mRNA、骨形态发生蛋白BMP-2mRNA以及血管内皮生长因子VEGF-mRNA的表达情况。结果:不同中药对不同基因的作用不同,作用的时间点不同,作用强度也存在差异。其中海螵蛸在骨折早期对Ⅰ、Ⅲ型前胶原mRNA、VEGF-mRNA、BMP-2mRNA的表达升高,后期Ⅱ、Ⅲ型前胶原mRNA表达水平下降,VEGF-mRNA、TGF-β1mRNA表达量维持于较高水平;骨碎补组较模型组在BMP-2mRNA、TGF-β1mRNA、Ⅰ型前胶原mRNA的表达上差异有显著性统计意义;阿胶对骨愈合早、中期Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型前胶原mRNA和TGF-β1mRNA的表达与模型组比较差异存在显著性统计意义;水蛭对VEGF-mRNA的表达具有一定的促进作用。结论:海螵蛸、水蛭对血管形成有促进作用,阿胶、骨碎补和海螵蛸对骨折软骨形成早期具有促进骨诱导的作用,并对成骨细胞的增殖及合成活性有较大影响。     

~(125)Ⅰ眼镜蛇毒及抗眼镜蛇毒血清在小白鼠体内分布的比较观察

用氯胺-T法125I标记眼镜蛇毒示踪液及抗眼镜蛇毒血清。小白鼠分二组，用125I-眼镜蛇毒、125I-抗眼镜蛇毒血清分别给小白鼠尾静脉注射，于注射后的不同时间测定血、颈部肌肉、肝、肺、肾、心等脏器放射性分布。结果发现：125I-眼镜蛇毒在肌肉及肝、肺等器官中于注射后2小时过高峰，在肾脏中浓度高，在脑未见放射性分布，抗眼镜蛇毒血清与眼镜蛇毒分布相似但在肌肉及肺脏有更高的分布。证明抗眼镜蛇毒血清能跟踪分布眼镜蛇毒。     

中国汉译西医学著作在日本的流传和影响

调查了十九世纪汉译西洋医学著作在日本的出版和流传情况，有９种汉译西洋医学著作曾在日本出版，其中６种曾多次再版，７种有和训或和译本，这些著作曾在日本医生中广泛流传，促进了西洋医学在日本的传播和普及，对日本医学从传统医学向现代医学的转变起过一定的作用。本文还分析了汉译西洋医学著作能够在日本广泛流传的原因     

A Chinese adolescent girl with Fechtner-like syndrome

We describe a 15-y-old girl with Fechtner-like syndrome, who is the first Chinese reported to have this rare syndrome. She presented with left homonymous hemianopia and neuroimaging revealed haemorrhage in both parietal and occipital lobes. Peripheral blood smear showed macrothrombocytopenia and intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies inside leucocytes. Thrombocytopenia and proteinuria responded to intravenous immunoglobulin and pulsed methylprednisolone. This case illustrates that life-threatening haemorrhage can occur in patients with Fechtner syndrome. Although there was no effective treatment reported in the literature, high dose steroid and immunoglobulin seemed to be useful in our patient. Our patient also had nephritic-nephrotic syndrome with renal insufficiency, which is unusual in adolescent female patients.     

髓底穿通修复材料密封性的比较研究

选择３２颗新近拔除的磨牙，３号球钻由冠方进入造成髓底穿孔，分为４个实验组，分别充以氧化锌丁香油糊剂、氢氧化钙糊剂、磷酸锌水门汀及玻璃离子粘固粉，丁氧膏密封牙合面。各牙表面涂指甲油后，浸入１％中性红染液，１０天后取出，测各牙穿孔处染液渗入高度。结果显示：实验组染液渗入高度１组＜２组＜３组＜４组，提示４种材料相比，氧化锌丁香油糊剂用于底穿修复的密封性能最好。     

Inter- and intra-individual variability of non-invasive tear break-up time in Hong Kong Chinese

Non-invasive tear break-up time (NITBUT) has been proposed as a measure of tear film integrity which is superior to the more commonly used tear break-up time (TBUT), since it does not alter the volume or the physicochemical properties of the tear layer by the addition of fluorescein. We measured NITBUT by measuring the time taken for distortions or discontinuities to appear in the reflected image of a grid pattern which covered about 80 per cent of the corneal surface. NITBUT measures were made 100 times on seven Hong Kong Chinese subjects with up to 20 consecutive measures being made on a single day. We also measured NITBUT on one occasion on an unselected population of 52 Hong Kong Chinese subjects. NITBUT shows a skewed distribution in all subjects, with many shorter values and some extremely long values. There are statistically significant variations in NITBUT from day to day, and from subject to subject. The group of 52 subjects also had a skewed NITBUT distribution with many short values and some very long values. The arithmetic mean does not adequately represent NITBUT data, either for individual subjects or for this group of subjects. As many as five to eight measures may be necessary to gain a stable estimate of the NITBUT and stability of the measure is improved if extreme values are omitted. We recommend the use of nonparametric statistics to compare NITBUT values from day to day in or between subjects.     

不同繁殖材料对半夏产量的影响

实验表明:半夏有性繁殖种子田间出苗率为0～25%,且实生苗当年不能形成商品;无性繁殖则以珠芽和小块茎作种明显优于大块茎。