苏罗同预防化疗引起的恶心呕吐的临床效果

观察苏罗同预防含顺铂或阿霉素方案化疗引起的恶性心呕吐的临床疗效和不良反应。方法对３０例患者采用随机自身对照研究的方法，分别在第１周期化疗前用苏罗同、第２周期笔康泉预防呕吐，或第１周期化疗前用康泉、第２周期和苏罗同预防呕吐。结果苏罗同和康泉第１天预防呕吐的有效率均为９６．７％，患者第１天平均呕吐次数分别为１．３次和１次。     

CPT-11 chemotherapy rescued a patient with atypical sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma from emergent condition

Sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma (SEF) is a rare and poorly defined variant of fibrosarcoma, but generally insensitive to chemotherapy and progresses with poor prognosis. We report the marvelous effect of irinotecan hydrochloride (CPT-11) chemotherapy in rescuing a patient with atypical SEF from emergent condition, who underwent recurrences after several treatment methods. Small dose of CPT-11 was administered to the patient, with which, the size of superficial mass (cervical lymph node) gradually decreased observed by the naked eyes in 5 days. X-ray and CT image proved a marked reduction in the size of the tumor. CPT-11 is valuable for the treatment of this aggressive sarcoma. In condition of emergency caused by sarcoma oppression, administering a tolerable small dose of topoisomerase I-inhibiting drug could be a beneficial choice.     

Cardiac toxicity in breast cancer patients: From a fractional point of view to a global assessment

When focusing on heart disease, most available studies split the two different parts of the adjuvant treatment, i.e., systemic therapies and radiation therapy, making it difficult to implement efficient strategies for preventing treatment-induced cardiac toxicity. This paper reviews the current understanding of treatments-induced cardiac toxicity in a global approach. Many factors should be considered when assessing the cardiac hazard. Treatment-related risk factors include heart dose exposure, chemotherapy, targeted agents such as HER2 inhibitors, but also endocrine agents, or anesthetic procedure. Patients’ characteristics should also be taken into account. Age, menopausal status, stress, previous history of cardiac disease, genetic profile, and body mass index could all impact on cardiac function after adjuvant therapies. Cardiac toxicity should not be analyzed as the consequence of a specific therapy, but should be considered as the result of additive or supra-additive toxicities. By this way, it will be possible to implement new strategies for preventing treatment-induced cardiac toxicity.     

去甲长春花碱为主方案治疗蒽环类药物耐药性晚期乳腺癌的疗效

目的：观察抗肿瘤新药去甲长春花碱（Navelbine,NVB）为主的联合方案化疗治疗蒽环类耐药的晚期乳腺癌的疗效。方法：1995年9月－1999年2月，以此法治疗晚期腺癌21例，其中，NVB＋ADM治疗9例，NVB＋DDP治疗8例，NVB＋MTI4例。全组化疗共54周期，中位数3周期（2－4周期）。结果：CR2例，PR8例，SD8例，PD3例，总有效率（CR＋PR）47．6％。全组中位缓解期5个月（2－17个月）。主要剂量限制毒性为骨髓抑制，以白细胞减少为主，Ⅱ－Ⅲ度白细胞减少发生率为90．5％。静脉炎发生率为14．3％（3／21）。结论：以NVB为主的联化化疗对蒽环类药物耐药的转移性乳腺癌有较好的疗效，且毒性可以耐受，可以考虑作为后续化疗方案。     

胃癌根治术后切端癌残留的预后及化学治疗效果

目的了解胃癌根治术后切端癌残留对预后的影响及术后化疗是否能提高其生存率.方法对70例胃癌根治术后切端癌残留病例及1073例无癌残留病例回顾性分析及随访结果.结果远侧胃大部切除术后切端阳性与切端阴性者总5年生存率分别为12.5%、38.2%(P＜0.05),近端胃大部切除术后切端阳性与切端阴性5年生存率分别为13.0%、25.5%(P＜0.05).但按分期比较,则各期5年生存率切端阳性与切端阴性均无显著性差异(P＞0.05).而术后化疗者5年生存率为20.0%,未化疗者为0,二者有显著性差异(P＜0.05)     

睾丸恶性肿瘤的临床治疗分析——附26例报告

目的：研究睾丸恶性肿瘤的治疗原则、方法的选择以及瘤标监测的临床意义。方法：对２６例不同类型的睾丸恶性肿瘤应首选行根治性睾丸切除术，术后并配合进行化疗或放疗术后定期检测β-hCG和AFP以观察肿瘤是否有复发趋势。结果：本组26例中，25例获得随访（96.2%)。12例T1期11例获得随访未发现肿瘤复发和转移。T2-T4期13例均获得随访经过化疗1-6疗程。放疖000cGY以上，完全缓解8例（CR为61.5%)，部分缓解5例（PR为38.5%)。术前β-hCG升高6例，AFP升高1例，治疗后β-hCG和AFP均下降至正常（其中4例为胚胎癌）。另有1例T1期精原细胞瘤在治疗过程中β-hCG正常，而在随访期中升高，经2个疗程化疗后β-hCG下降至正常。结论：隐睾症是睾丸恶性肿瘤的常见病因之一，本组占30.8%，对隐睾患儿应尽早手术固定。睾丸肿瘤手术应常规行根治性睾丸切除术。     

NP和CAP方案治疗晚期NSCLC的对比研究

目的对比观察NP和CAP方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效、毒副作用.方法收集晚期非小细胞肺癌94例,以随机、对照的原则分为NP方案化疗组和CAP方案化疗组,对比观察两者间疗效、毒副作用、缓解期和生存期的差异.结果NP方案化疗组46例患者的有效率39.1%与CAP方案化疗组48例患者的有效率35.4%间无显著性差异(P＞0.05);但NP方案化疗组5月的中位缓解期和9月的中位生存期较CAP方案化疗组的4月和7月均有所延长;除具有一般化疗药物所共有的毒副作用外,NP方案对骨髓造血组织的抑制,特别是对粒细胞系和巨核细胞系较CAP方案为重,另外其周围神经炎和静脉炎的发生率也较高.结论NP和CAP方案都是治疗晚期NSCLC的较为有效的化疗方案,但NP方案化疗组的缓解期和生存期较长,优于CAP方案化疗组,毒副作用均,如辅以G-CSF等支持对症措施,NP方案有更好的临床应用价值.     

盐酸拓扑替康治疗复发性晚期卵巢癌的临床研究报告

目的与方法：观察拓扑替康（ｔｏｐｏｔｅｃａｎ）对经治晚期卵巢癌患者的疗效和毒性。６７例晚期上皮性卵巢癌患者，年龄３３～７１岁，６６例曾经手术切除，全部接受过化疗，其中６８．６％患者至少接受过２种以上方案化疗，９４．０％为含铂类药物治疗失败，采用单药ｔｏｐｏｔｅｃａｎ １．２５ｍｇ／ｍ＾２静脉滴注，连续５天，每２１天重复疗程，８５．１％患者用药２疗程以上。结果：６１例可评价疗效的患者中，ＣＲ６例，ＰＲ７例，总有效率２１．３％。按ＩＴＴ分析６７例有效率为２０．９％。中位缓解时间７．０个月。主要不良反应为血液学毒性，６４．２％患者发生Ⅲ～Ⅳ度白细胞减少，４３．３％患者发生Ⅲ～Ⅳ度血小板减少，中位持续时间９～１０天。非血液毒性轻微。结论：Ｔｏｐｏｔｅｃａｎ系晚期卵巢癌经ＤＤＰ等药物治疗失败后的有效治疗药物，应在对肿瘤化