The effect of MK-801 and of brain-derived polypeptides on the development of ischemic lesion induced by photothrombotic occlusion of the distal middle cerebral artery in rats

The effect of neuroprotective drugs on the early and late electrophysiological manifestations of photothrombotic occlusion of distal branches of middle cerebral artery was studied in rats treated with MK-801 and Cerebrolysin (CL). DC potentials were recorded from the irradiated cortex (ischemic core), from the adjacent penumbra zone and from remote intact cortex. Irradiation elicited after a few minutes of spontaneous spreading depression (SD) waves followed during 10–15 min by focal ischemic depolarization (FID) developing in the irradiated cortex and spreading into the perifocal areas. While the core FID amplitude reached about 30 mV and decayed during subsequent 2 h to 10–13 mV, FID in the penumbra zone was broken by periods of partial repolarization and returned during 30–90 min almost to baseline. At the same time, generation of spontaneous SD waves almost stopped. MK-801 (0.5 mg/kg, i.p., 45 min after ischemia) blocked SD waves, but did not shorten penumbra FID, the decay of which was slowed down to the rate found in the ischemic core. CL treatment (2.5 ml/kg, i.p., 1 h after ischemia) did not influence FID in the acute phase of the experiment, but its 10-day administration facilitated post-ischemic recovery indicated by higher amplitude of evoked SD waves penetrating into the former penumbra zone. Morphological examination showed that the volume of total and partial necrosis was increased in the MK-801 group and marginally reduced in the CL group. It is suggested that the absence of the SD-induced hyperperfusion episodes in MK-801-treated rats may accelerate perifocal thrombotization in this model of focal ischemia.     

脑活素治疗脑血管病疗效研究的系统评价

目的评价脑活素治疗脑血管疾病的疗效。方法按照Cochrane系统评价的要求全面检索有关脑活素治疗脑血管疾病的原始文献,对符合纳入标准的文献采用Review manager 4.2软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入文献9篇,746例患者参与meta分析。结果显示研究间具有一定的异质性(χ2=26.50,P=0.0009)。故采用随机效应模型分析,9篇文献的合并OR=2.44,95%的可信区间为(1.16,5.15);整体效果检验Z=2.35,P=0.02。结论从现有资料看,脑活素治疗脑血管病是有效的。     

纳络酮合用脑蛋白水解物治疗急性脑梗死的疗效观察

目的：观察纳络酮合用脑蛋白水解物治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效。方法：将80例发病72h内的急性脑梗死患者随机分为纳络酮与脑蛋白水解物治疗组（42例）与复方丹参与胞二磷胆碱对照组（38例），观察疗效。结果：治疗组总有效率高于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论：纳络酮合用脑蛋白水解物对急性脑梗死所致偏瘫，感觉障碍及多种神经功能障碍有明显疗效，而且无明显副作用，是一种安全有效的方法。     

复方丹参注射液联合脑蛋白水解物治疗新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病

目的 探讨复方丹参与脑蛋白水解物联合应用治疗新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(HIE)的疗效.方法 将90例新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病患儿随机分为两组,对照组45例采用常规三项支持疗法和对症治疗,治疗组45例在对照组的治疗基础上加用复方丹参注射液与脑蛋白水解物注射液联合应用.结果 治疗组总有效率为95.56%;对照组为77.78%,两组比较有显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论 复方丹参注射液与脑蛋白水解物注射液联合应用治疗HIE疗效显著.     

甲泼尼松龙联合施普善治疗急性视神经炎疗效探讨

目的甲泼尼松龙和施普善联用治疗急性视神经炎的研究探讨。方法选取来该院就诊的44例(74眼)病例,其中22例(37眼)给予甲泼尼松龙,标记为对照组。另外22例(37眼)加用施普善,标记为治疗组。两组疗程均为3周。结果疗程结束后,对照组22眼显效,9眼有效,6眼无效,总有效率为83.8%,治疗组26眼显效,9眼有效,2眼无效,总有效率94.6%,结果差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。发病时间越短治愈率越高,结果差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论相比之下,两种药物联用治疗急性视神经炎效果更好,安全可靠,有临床推广应用的价值。     

施普善治疗急性脑梗死的磁共振波谱成像评价

目的观察施普善对急性脑梗死患者磁共振氢质子波谱（H magnetic resonance spectroscopy,MRS）及临床症状、体征改善的影响,评价施普善治疗急性脑梗死的疗效。方法选择发病24h内的急性脑梗死患者40例,随机分为施普善治疗组20例及对照组20例。2组治疗前及治疗2周后行美国国立卫生研究院脑卒中量表评分（NIHSS评分）,应用MRS在兴趣区上测量氮-乙酰天冬氨酸（NAA）与肌酸（Cr）比值（NAA/Cr）、胆碱复合物（Cho）与肌酸（Cr）比值（Cho/Cr）及乳酸（Lac）与肌酸（Cr）比值（Lac/Cr）,并对治疗前后结果进行统计学分析。结果治疗2周后2组NIHSS评分较治疗前均有所降低,施普善治疗组较对照组下降明显（P〈0.05）,2组病人NAA/Cr较治疗前升高,但施普善治疗组较对照组升高明显（P〈0.05）,2组病人CHO/Cr及Lac/Cr均较治疗前降低,但施普善治疗组较对照组降低明显（P〈0.05）。结论施普善是一种有效的治疗急性脑梗死的神经保护剂。     

Reductions in qEEG slowing over 1 year and after treatment with Cerebrolysin in patients with moderate–severe traumatic brain injury

Changes in quantitative EEG (qEEG) recordings over a 1-year period and the effects of Cerebrolysin (Cere) on qEEG slowing and cognitive performance were investigated in postacute moderate-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. Time-related changes in qEEG activity frequency bands (increases of alpha and beta, and reductions of theta and delta relative power) and in qEEG slowing (reduction of EEG power ratio) were statistically significant in patients with a disease progress of less than 2 years at baseline, but not in those patients having a longer disease progress time. Slowing of qEEG activity was also found to be significantly reduced in TBI patients after 1 month of treatment with Cere and 3 months later. Therefore, Cere seems to accelerate the time-related reduction of qEEG slowing occurring in untreated patients. The decrease of qEEG slowing induced by Cere correlated with the improvement of attention and working memory. Results of this exploratory study suggest that Cere might improve the functional recovery after brain injury and encourage the conduction of further controlled clinical trials.     

天然脑活素对Aβ1-40诱导PC12细胞凋亡的拮抗作用研究

目的：探讨天然脑活素对Aβ1-40诱导的阿尔茨海默病（AD）细胞模型PC12细胞凋亡的拮抗作用。方法：采用Aβ1-40处理PC12细胞复制AD细胞模型,不同剂量的天然脑活素孵育细胞,镜下观察细胞形态学变化,免疫细胞化学染色法观察细胞凋亡相关蛋白（Bcl-2、Bax,Caspase-3）的表达水平。结果：天然脑活素处理组细胞突起生长明显,细胞凋亡抑制蛋白Bcl-2的表达较模型组显著上调,同时细胞凋亡促进蛋白Bax及介导细胞凋亡的蛋白Caspase-3的表达明显下调（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。结论：天然脑活素可通过调节细胞凋亡相关蛋白的表达水平,对Aβ1-40诱导的PC12细胞凋亡具有明显拮抗作用。