γ射线诱发人正常肝细胞基因组不稳定性研究

目的探讨电离辐射诱发的基因组不稳定性效应。方法采用^60Co γ射线照射人正常肝细胞，检测克隆形成率和微核发生率，利用单细胞凝胶电泳（SCGE）技术检测DNA损伤情况。照射2、4、6、8和10Gy后传代培养，在40代后各剂量组再次统一照射2Gy，进行辐射损伤的检测。结果首次照射后，克隆形成率随受照剂量的增大而降低。存活细胞经二次照射后，SCGE结果和微核发生率结果表明，首次照射剂量与子代二次照射后的损伤程度存在剂量效应关系。结论γ射线不仅在肝细胞中产生直接的生物效应，而且还可以诱发产生可遗传的基因组不稳定性，使子代细胞中的突变频率增加，表现出滞后的遗传改变。二次事件的放大作用是研究基因组不稳定性的一种较好方法。     

神经活素对Pc12细胞作用的初步观察

从胎脑、颌下腺、肌肉组织中制备神经活素。其性能同脑活素一样：可促进Ｐｃ１２细胞的突起生长，提高其胞浆内乳酸脱氢酶活性，电泳显示二者有相同的三条带。提示：神经活素有可能替代脑活素应用于临床。     

Compartment syndrome. Exclusively the result of increased pressure in the muscular compartment?

Summary The compartment syndrome (cs) is characterized by an increased tissue pressure in a limited space. Pathophysiologically, it is a multifactorial disease that is potentially induced by an initial trauma and develops according to the existence of cofactors. Cofactors are, for instance, the circulation of the patient and the initial treatment of the impending cs. In particular, the microcirculation is altered with endothelial destruction, development of a capillary leak, protein loss from intravasal space and the development of an interstitial and intracellular third space. An impaired drainage of the lymphatic and venous system causes a venous infarction. An arterial infarction results if the tissue pressure exceeds the arteriolar pressure. An accompanying ischemia reperfusion mechanism increases the trauma load. In disadvantageous cases, the patients are in danger of developing a multi-organ deficiency syndrome (MODS) by an uncontrolled inflammatory reaction, by intravasal volume loss and by a myonephropathic systemic reaction. Clinically, the patients suffer a disproportionate amount of pain, followed by neurological signs. Especially in noncompliant patients, tissue pressure measurement is useful. Resuscitation of the circulation as well as splitting of casts is important. In case of a manifest cs, dermatofasciotomy has to be performed as an emergency operation. Even if cs is diagnosed early and fasciotomy is carried out early, the development of sequellae cannot be avoided in every single case.      

An Electrically Modulated Drug Delivery Device. III. Factors Affecting Drug Stability During Electrophoresis

A number of factors affecting the stability of propranolol HC1 during electrophoretic control were investigated. It was found that significant degradation of propranolol HC1 and hydrolysis of water occurred when a current of 15 mA was used with platinized electrodes. This degradation was thought to be due to decomposition of propranolol HC1 at the electrodes. Degradation could be significantly reduced by using uncoated platinum electrodes and currents in the range of 0 to 2.5 mA, while still allowing control of drug delivery rates. Electrode reaction processes were found at high ionic strengths and high drug concentrations but were not thought to be associated with drug decomposition.     

血浆纤维连接蛋白含量对肺性脑病预后判断的临床价值

采用火箭电泳法对６４例（８０例次）肺性病患者进行血浆纤维连接蛋白（Ｆｎ）测定。合并肺性脑病１９例，并与１０６例健康人及１０４例其他呼吸疾患进行对比．结果表明：正常组、肺性病缓解组、急性发作组、肺性脑病组血浆Ｆｎ水平分别为３４．２７±６．３６ｍｇ／ｄｌ，２９．６１±４．２５ｍｓ／ｄｌ，１５．２１±５．２０ｍｇ／ｄｌ，１１．８２±５．６７ｍｇ／ｄｌ．肺性脑病患者血浆Ｆｎ显著降低，并随病情恶化而进一步下降。同时，其含量变化与ｐＨ值和ＰａＯ２呈正相关，与ＰａＣＯ２，呈负相关。因此动态观察肺性脑病患者血浆Ｆｎ含量可作为判断顶后一项较为可靠的指标。     

糖尿病大鼠红细胞膜Band3蛋白的变化

目的：研究糖尿病时红细胞膜蛋白的变化。方法：注射ＳＴＸ诱发大鼠糖尿病，通过ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ对糖尿病３个月大鼠红细胞膜蛋白进行电泳分析。结果：糖尿病大鼠红细胞膜Ｂａｎｄ３蛋白含量明显低于正常对照大鼠。结论：由于Ｂａｎｄ３蛋白是红细胞膜蛋白的主要成分，参与红细胞变形、物质通透等多方面的功能活动，其变化可能会直接影响红细胞的结构和功能，因此，糖尿病时Ｂａｎｄ３蛋白的变化值得进一步深入研究。     

以乙二胺为核心的聚酰胺-胺树形高分子的合成及毛细管电泳分离研究

在-30℃下合成了1．0G～6.0G聚酰胺．胺(PAMAM)树形高分子，并采用核磁共振、元素分析对其进行了表征；采用毛细管电泳对1．0GPAMAM进行了分离。结果表明：在该温度下合成的PAMAM具有较好的结构完整性，而毛细管电泳是一种有效的分离提纯PAMAM树形高分子的方法。     

羟乙基淀粉对内毒素感染大鼠肺部毛细血管通透性的影响

目的 观察羟乙基淀粉(HES 200/0.5)对内毒素感染大鼠肺部毛细血管通透性的影响。方法 雄性Wistar大鼠42只随机分为对照组,内毒素组(LPS,6 mg/kg),LPS HES组(HES,3.75、7.5、15、30ml/kg)及HES对照组(30ml/kg)。分别于LPS注入后4 h检测肺组织毛细血管通透性、肺湿干重比、肺组织中性粒细胞(PMN)浸润,2 h检测肺组织核转录因子kappaB(NF-κB)水平。结果3.75 ml/kg和7.5 ml/kg HES显著降低肺毛细血管通透性、湿干重比和PMN浸润(P<0.05),3.75、7.5和15 ml/kgHES显著降低肺NF-κB活性(P<0.05)。结论较低剂量HES具有抑制感染状念下毛细血管漏的作用,这种作用的产生可能与其降低肺组织PMN浸润、抑制核转录因子NF-κB有关。     

微波辅助提取茯苓中茯苓多糖的研究

目的将微波辅助提取新技术应用于茯苓水溶性多糖的提取，寻求最佳提取工艺。方法采用均匀优化设计试验条件，以苯酚-硫酸法测定样品中多糖含量。对超声辅助提取和传统水提法比较，并对水解前后的微波提取多糖衍生物用毛细管电泳检测。结果最佳提取条件：时间为18min；固液比为1：50；微波占空比42％，此时提取率为2．792％。优于传统。结论微波辅助提取速度更快、提取效率更高；毛细管电泳检测表明微波提取茯苓多糖过程合理，能得到较理想的提取物。     

烧伤病区多重耐药铜绿假单胞菌DNA的脉冲场凝胶电泳分析

目的:了解烧伤病区铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa,PA)感染的分子流行病学特征。方法:采用脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)分型的方法,对15株分离自烧伤临床病人的多重耐药PA染色体组DNA进行分析。结果:15株检测菌株中有9株菌分别属于两种不同的PFGE图谱类型,具有同源性的菌株占测试菌株的60%。结论:导致我院烧伤患者感染多重耐药的PA中有同源性的比例较高,提示在烧伤救治中采取有针对性的措施,防止烧伤病房内的交叉感染对于降低烧伤感染率、提高烧伤救治水平具有重要意义。