老年急性重症胆囊炎56例临床治疗分析

目的回顾分析老年患者急性重症胆囊炎的治疗效果。方法我中心2009年6月～2011年12月对56例老年急性重症胆囊炎患者均应用B超引导下经皮经肝胆囊穿刺引流(PTGD)治疗,现对其临床资料进行分析。结果 56例老年急性重症胆囊炎患者通过PTGD治疗,穿刺置管全部成功,成功率达100%。患者在穿刺引流术后24～48h内其畏寒、高热、右上腹疼痛等症状明显得到缓解,感染症状得到控制。经过外引流胆汁2周后54例患者在拔除引流管时其临床症状体征消失,治愈率达96.4%,无死亡病例。结论 PTGD用于治疗老年急性重症胆囊炎,不仅可以迅速缓解其临床症状、控制感染,而且能够有效避免行急诊手术引起的相关并发症。     

老年急性重症胆囊炎56例临床治疗分析

目的回顾分析老年患者急性重症胆囊炎的治疗效果。方法我中心2009年6月～2011年12月对56例老年急性重症胆囊炎患者均应用B超引导下经皮经肝胆囊穿刺引流（PTGD）治疗,现对其临床资料进行分析。结果56例老年急性重症胆囊炎患者通过PTGD治疗,穿刺置管全部成功,成功率达100％。患者在穿刺引流术后24。48h内其畏寒、高热、右上腹疼痛等症状明显得到缓解,感染症状得到控制。经过外引流胆汁2周后54例患者在拔除引流管时其临床症状体征消失,治愈率达96．4％,无死亡病例。结论PTGD用于治疗老年急性重症胆囊炎,不仅可以迅速缓解其临床症状、控制感染,而且能够有效避免行急诊手术引起的相关并发症。     

兔急性细菌性胆囊炎不同病期病变程度分析

目的 研究兔急性细菌性胆囊炎不同时期的病变程度,为胆囊炎手术选择最佳时机.方法 建立兔细菌性胆囊炎模型,分别于造模后3天、7天、10天进行采血化验和标本病理检查,并与对照组对比.结果 对照组:胆囊结构正常;3天组:胆囊壁严重水肿,大量中性粒细胞浸润,组织质脆,易出血;7天组:胆囊壁水肿减轻,少量纤维组织增生,胆囊界限清楚,术中操作容易,出血量少;10天组,胆囊壁周围大量纤维组织增生,与周围组织黏连重,胆囊界限不清,分离困难.结论 胆囊炎于发病后7天为最佳手术时机.     

Functional MR cholangiography of the cystic duct and sphincter of Oddi using gadoxetate disodium: Is a 30‐minute delay long enough?

Purpose:

To determine if excreted contrast is consistently visualized in the gallbladder and duodenum after a 30‐minute delay using gadoxetate disodium‐enhanced MRI in patients without hepatobiliary disease.

Materials and Methods:

Twenty‐two patients without evidence of liver or biliary disease underwent gadoxetate disodium‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) from February 17, 2009 through October 3, 2011. The mean age was 45 years (range 25–72). T1‐weighted hepatobiliary phase images at 5, 10, 20, and 30 minutes after contrast injection were reviewed in consensus by two radiologists to determine the delay at which enhancement of the gallbladder and duodenum first occurred.

Results:

Thirteen of 22 (59.1%) patients demonstrated duodenal filling by 20 minutes and 16/22 (72.7%) filled by 30 minutes. The mean time to duodenal enhancement was 19.9 minutes (range 11.4–30.2 min). Seventeen of 22 (77.3%) patients demonstrated gallbladder filling by 20 minutes and 21/22 (95.5%) filled by 30 minutes. The mean time to gallbladder enhancement was 16.5 minutes (range 4.4–30.2 min).

Conclusion:

A significant number of normal patients do not show duodenal filling by 30 minutes, while the majority fill the gallbladder by 30 minutes using functional MR cholangiography (fMRC) with gadoxetate disodium. These findings will guide fMRC protocol design for patients with suspected acute cholecystitis and sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2013;37:993–998. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

腹腔镜与开腹手术治疗慢性萎缩性胆囊炎的临床对比

目的：对比分析腹腔镜与开腹手术治疗慢性萎缩性胆囊炎的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2011年7月—2014年5月间在该院治疗的96例慢性萎缩性胆囊炎患者的临床记录资料。结果治疗组的手术时间、平均出血量、胃肠功能恢复时间以及住院时间均明显少于对照组,治疗组止痛药应用率和不良反应发生率也均低对照组,满意率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论腹腔镜手术治疗慢性萎缩性胆囊炎的临床疗效显著,值得临床推广应用。     

老年急性化脓性胆囊炎患者的外科治疗体会

目的：探讨老年人急性化脓性胆囊炎的临床表现的特殊性及治疗策略。方法：对老年急性化脓性胆囊炎的病程的不同阶段的手术治疗疗效进行分析。结果：手术后死亡1例,余患者均痊愈出院。术后出现并发症11例,其中坠积性肺炎3例,心衰2例,胆床出血2例,急性肾功能障碍1例,胆汁瘘1例,膈下脓肿1例,切口裂开1例。结论：老年人急性化脓性胆囊炎临床表现不典型,并发症多,临床处理应重视其特殊性。     

循证护理应用于腹腔镜胆囊炎患者切除术后的效果观察

目的探讨循证护理在腹腔镜胆囊炎患者切除术后的效果。方法分析我院2010年5月至2014年9月普外科收治的402例胆囊炎患者临床资料,依据是否实施循证护理措施进行临床分组,普通护理组200例和循证护理组202例。结果循证护理组术后疼痛、恶心、呕吐、胆漏、出血发生率均低于普通护理组,循证护理组护理差错发生率和患者满意度均优于普通护理组,P<0.05,差异均有统计学意义。结论循证护理在腹腔镜胆囊炎患者中应用后可以明显的降低术后并发症发生率,提高护理工作质量,值得临床推广应用。     

Timing of Cholecystectomy in Acute Cholecystitis

Background

Cholecystitis is an inflammation of the gallbladder that most commonly occurs as a result of obstruction of the cystic duct by gallstones. The current standard of treatment for acute cholecystitis is cholecystectomy.

A Superinfection of Salmonella typhi and Hepatitis E Virus Causes Biphasic Acute Hepatitis

A 47-year-old Japanese man was referred to our hospital because of a sustained high fever with diarrhea 12 days after a flight from India. Liver enzymes were elevated with rose spots, hepatosplenomegaly, relative bradycardia, and acute cholecystitis. A liver biopsy depicted the dense infiltration of lymphocytes and Kupffer cells in sinusoids and the granulomatous formation in the parenchyma. The liver damage was initially resolved with the administration of ceftriaxone for 16 days but flared up 1 week later. Laboratory tests yielded positive reactions for Salmonella typhi and hepatitis E virus RNA. The pathophysiological presentations of concurrent typhoid and type E hepatitis are discussed.     

Experience with 1904 laparoscopic cholecystectomies at a private hospital

The purpose of this paper is to describe our recent experience in performing laparoscopic cholecystectomies of which we performed 1904, from January 1991 to May 1997, at our private hospital, mainly to treat cholecystolithiasis. The patients included 1563 with gallbladder stones (82.0%), 82 with cholecystocholedocholithiasis (4.3%), 104 with adenomyomatosis (5.5%), 132 with polyps (6.9%), and 23 with gallbladder cancer (1.3%). A difficult pericholecystic dissection led to conversion to open surgery in 61 patients. The average operation time was 63 min. Bile duct injury or cystic artery bleeding occurred in 3 patients with acute cholecystitis, and small intestine injury occurred in 1 patient, while bile leakage or a right subphrenic abscess occurred in 6 patients postoperatively. Although this series included 69 patients with previous upper abdominal surgery, 14 with liver cirrhosis, 267 with a nonvisualized gallbladder, and 148 with acute cholecystitis, the overall conversion rate was only 3.2% and morbidity only 0.5%. Although almost all patients with cholelithiasis are now considered potential candidates for a laparoscopic cholecystectomy, difficulties during cholecystectomy have been encountered in patients with acute cholecystitis. Surgeons should thus be fully prepared to convert to open surgery whenever difficulties are encountered, in order to avoid complication.