氯化铁催化合成苯甲酸异戊酯的研究

本文研究了用氯化铁 (FeCl3·6H2 O)催化苯甲酸和异戊醇的酯化反应 ,当苯甲酸∶异戊醇 =1∶3(摩尔比 ) ,氯化铁用量 1.0g/0 .1mol苯甲酸 ,回流分水 2 .5h时 ,酯化率 90 .3 %。     

聚硅氯化铁的制备及其混凝效果

以硅酸钠、氯化铁为原料制备聚硅氯化铁（简称ＰＦＳＣ）混凝剂。重点考察Ｆe/SiO2摩尔比对ＰＦＳＣ混凝效果的影响。结果表明：ＰＦＳＣ的混凝效果优于聚硅酸（ＰＳ）,且Ｆe/SiO2摩尔比对ＰＦＳＣ的混凝效果有较大的影响。确定Ｆe/SiO2摩尔比为１：１.５时,其混凝效果最佳,且用药量少而范围广。为制备高效的ＰＦＳＣ提供了优化条件。     

氯化钛白氧化反应器壁结疤机理

利用预燃烧直管反应器,研究氯化钛白氧化反应器内的结疤机理。氧化反应器内结疤支要起因子氧化过程生成的超细TiO2颗粒在反应器壁的沉积和烧结,反应器壁面温度越高结疤速率越快。当反应器壁面温度较低时,靠近壁面为ＴiO2颗粒堆结层,而告气体相主体的疤层发生了部分烧结。反应温度升高、反应物浓度增大时,结疤速度增大;壁面状态对结疤速率影响不大。     

一氧化氮对犬下食管括约肌压力的作用

目的 :应用苄基二甲基十四烷氯化铵 (benzyldim ethyltetradecyl amm onium chloride,BAC)建立犬下食管括约肌(L ES)无神经动物模型 ,研究一氧化氮 (NO)对 L ES压力的作用。方法 :将 BAC环周注入犬 L ES,对照组注入等量生理盐水 ,均于注射前及注射后 6周测定 L ES压力 ;并观察 L -精氨酸、D -精氨酸、硝普钠及一氧化氮合酶 (NOS)抑制剂 N-硝基 - L -精氨酸 (L - NNA)对 L ES压力的影响 ;此外还测定了两组犬 L ES中 NO含量和 NOS活性。结果 :BAC处理组 L ES压力 [(4 2 .43±4.19) m m Hg,1m m Hg=0 .133 k Pa]显著高于对照组 [(2 2 .71± 5 .19) mm Hg]。 L -精氨酸可使对照组 L ES压力降低 ;L - NNA使其增高 ,但对 BAC处理组 L ES压力均无影响。硝普钠可降低两组犬 L ES压力。对照组 L ES中 NO为 (6 .0 5 8± 2 .0 6 7)μm ol/g,NOS为 (1.45 8± 0 .146 ) U /mg;而 BAC处理组 NO为 (1.797± 0 .873)μmol/g,NOS为 (0 .46 3± 0 .0 39) U /m g,均较对照组显著降低 (P<0 .0 1)。 结论 :BAC可使犬 L ES压力增高 ,其机制可能与 L ES局部 NO减少有关。     

Reduction in cadmium in blood and dietary intake among general populations in Japan

Blood samples and 24-h duplicates of food were collected in the years around 1980 and then in 1990's from inhabitants of nonpolluted regions in Japan. The 1990 study is still in progress with 286 blood samples and 125 food duplicates already collected from 7 regions. A preliminary analysis is made in the present study with the data obtained from the 7 study regions where the survey was conducted in 1980 and then in 1990, to examine possible changes in dietary cadmium intake (Cd-D) and consequently cadmium levels in blood (Cd-B) during this 10 year period. The food duplicate analysis showed that Cd-D in 1980 was 47.1 g/day (1.74):65 [GM (GSD):N] for men and 27.7 g/day (1.75):65 for women. The counterpart values in 1990 were 29.5 g/day (1.66):40 for men and 23.8 g/day (1.73):85 for women; the difference between the two values for the same sex is significant (P<0.05) both=" in=" men=" and=" in=" women,=" suggesting=" that=" there=" occurred=" about=" 37%=" and=" 14%=" reduction=" in=" dietary=" cadmium=" intake=" during=" this=" 10=" year=" period=" in=" men=" and=" in=" women,=" respectively.=" comparison=" in=" cd-b=" showed=" that=" cd-b=" for=" men=" and=" women=" in=" 1990=" were=" 1.79=">g/l (2.01):121 and 1.84 g/l; (1.67):165, respectively, whereas the counterpart values in 1980 were 3.84 g/l (1.64):123 and 3.57 g/l (1.42):141, respectively, indicating significant (P<0.01) reduction=" in=" cd-b=" in=" both=" sexes=" in=" parallel=" to=" the=" reduction=" in=" cd-d.=" the=" role=" of=" rice=" as=" a=" major=" source=" of=" cadmium=" among=" japanese=" population=" together=" with=" recent=" reduction=" in=" the=" importance=" is=" discussed;=" cd=" in=" rice=" accounted=" for=" 72%=" in=" late=" 1970's,=" whereas=" it=" is=" about=" 35%=" in=" the=" present=">     

Increased sodium requirement following early postnatal surgical correction of congenital uropathies in infants

Serum electrolyte equilibrium and plasma aldosterone concentrations were monitored in 19 infants who had severe obstructive uropathy or grade 5 vesico-ureteral reflux and were undergoing surgical correction in the first 2 months of life. Before surgery high plasma aldosterone levels were observed in 8 patients, but serum sodium and potassium concentrations were normal. Plasma concentrations of aldosterone were elevated in all patients during the week following surgery and 7 patients developed severe hyponatraemia, hyperkalaemia and weight loss despite very high plasma aldosterone concentrations. As a consequence 5 infants were infused with sodium chloride (4 mEq/kg per day) before and for 36h after surgery; this prevented metabolic imbalance. We conclude that infants undergoing surgical correction of uropathies may require a high sodium intake to maintain electrolyte balance and adequate growth.     

甘油氯化钠注射液降低颅内压52例临床观察

目的：评价甘油氯化钠注射液降低颅内压的临床效果以及观察有无副作用。方法：对52例颅内压增高患者用甘油氯化钠降低颅内压,与44例用甘油果糖及32例用甘露醇降低颅内压进行比较,通过颅内压监测仪观察效果及副作用。结果：注射甘油氯化钠后1.05±0.23 h颅内压开始下降,2.32±0.36 h作用达到高峰,持续5.25±1.42 h;无反跳现象,对肾功能影响小,无溶血现象。结论：甘油氯化钠注射液适用于亚急性颅内压增高、高龄患者及肾功能有损害者。     

氯丙烯对鸡胚脑神经细胞钙稳态与能量合成影响的研究

进一步研究氯丙烯的中毒机理,探讨氯丙烯对神经细胞内钙稳态与能量合成的影响。方法用Fura-2／AM、电子探针X线微区分析、ATP生物发光分析等方法测定氯丙烯染毒后鸡胚脑神经细胞内游离Ca2+、钙百分含量及ATP、ADP、AMP含量的改变。 结果随着氯丙烯浓度的增加,细胞内游离Ca2+浓度、钙百分含量明显增加(P     

高温煤气中HC1气体与脱氯剂的反应动力学

在固定床反应器中研究了自制的脱氯剂与高温煤气中ＨＣ１气体的反应动力学,得出在５５０℃时反应受通过产物层的扩散和化学反应反控制,两埂的阻力之比为０．１３８。同时研究了温度和进口ＨＣ１气体浓度对该反应影响,得出反应对于气相ＨＣ１为一级反应。     

Effect of SB-205384 on the decay of GABA-activated chloride currents in granule cells cultured from rat cerebellum

1. 4-Amino-7-hydroxy-2-methyl-5,6,7,8,-tetrahydrobenzo[b]thieno[2,3-b]pyridine-3-carboxylic acid, but-2-ynyl ester (SB-205384) and other γ-aminobutyric acid_A (GABA_A) receptor modulators were tested for their effects on GABA-activated chloride currents in rat cerebellar granule cells by use of the whole-cell patch clamp technique.
2. The major effect of SB-205384 on GABA_A-activated current was an increase in the half-life of decay of the response once the agonist had been removed. This is in contrast to many GABA_A receptor modulators that have previously been shown to potentiate GABA-activated currents.
3. This profile could be explained if SB-205384 stabilizes the channel in open and desensitized states so that channel closing is dramatically slowed. Such a modulatory profile may produce a novel behavioural profile in vivo.