Feasibility of sentinel lymph node biopsy omission after integration of 18F-FDG dedicated lymph node PET in early breast cancer:a prospective phase Ⅱ trial

Objective:Sentinel lymph node biopsy(SLNB) is currently the standard of care in clinically node negative(cN0) breast cancer.The present study aimed to evaluate the negative predictive value(NPV) of ¹⁸F-FDG dedicated lymph node positron emission tomography(LymphPET) in cN0 patients.Methods:This was a prospective phase II trial divided into 2 stages(NCT04072653).In the first stage,cN0 patients underwent axillary LymphPET followed by SLNB.In the second stage,SLNB was omitted in patients ...     

替吉奥单药治疗老年晚期乳腺癌的临床疗效与安全性

目的 观察替吉奥单药治疗老年晚期乳腺癌的疗效与安全性。方法 回顾性分析老年晚期乳腺癌患者65例,研究组32例(S组)：替吉奥 40～60 mg(＜1.25 m²,40 mg; 1.25～1．5 m²,50 mg;＞1.5 m²,60 mg),于早、晚饭后口服,连服14天,21天重复。对照组33例（X组）：卡培他滨每日2000 mg/m²,分2次,连服14天,21天重复,至少2周期后评价疗效。结果 65例患者均可评价疗效, S组、X组有效率（RR）分别为31.3％(10/32)、27.3％(9/33),疾病控制率（DCR）分别为78.1％（25/32）、69.7％(23/33）,中位疾病进展时间（TTP）分别为7.5、7.0月,中位总生存时间（OS）分别为17.3、15.2月,两组比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。研究组与对照组常见的不良反应为骨髓抑制、胃肠道反应、口角炎、乏力,多见Ⅰ～Ⅱ度,可耐受,两组差异无统计学意义;对照组手足综合征明显高于研究组,差异有统计学意义（P=0.000）。 结论 替吉奥单药治疗老年乳腺癌疗效肯定,耐受性好于卡培他滨,值得临床进一步研究、推广。     

Sudden hemorrhage without skin invasion in a patient with Breast Cancer: A case report and literature review

We report a rare case of sudden hemorrhage caused by breast cancer. A 70-year-old Japanese woman noted fresh bleeding from her left breast. On physical examination, continuous hemorrhage accompanied by an open cavity was observed in the left breast. Mammography and ultrasonography revealed a well-circumscribed mass, with solid and cystic components, that was highly suggestive of intracystic breast carcinoma with direct skin invasion. Computed tomography and bone scintigraphy showed no distant metastasis. Aspiration biopsy of the lesion showed several clusters of adenocarcinoma cells. Modified radical mastectomy was performed with a presumptive diagnosis of stage III B left breast cancer. Invasive ductal carcinoma without skin invasion was diagnosed histologically. To the best of our knowledge, only 6 other cases of sudden hemorrhage caused by breast cancer without skin invasion have been reported in Japan. We review the literature and discuss the clinical characteristics of this unusual phenomenon.     

量化 DCE-MRI 技术对乳腺良恶性病变诊断价值分析

目的：探讨基于动态增强磁共振成像（dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI,DCE-MRI）及特定药物动力学模型所获得的量化参数对乳腺良恶性病变诊断价值。方法：收集我院2015年6月至2016年2月42例乳腺病变患者行 DCE-MRI 扫描,通过后处理软件测量如下量化参数,定量参数：容量转移常数（volume transfer constant, Ktrans ）、速率常数（rate constant,Kep ）、血浆分数（the plasma fraction,Vp ）;半定量参数：（1）增强后病灶达峰时间（time to peak,TTP）、（2）增强后病灶内造影剂最大浓度值（max concentration,MAX Conc）、（3）增强后时间信号曲线下面积（area under curve,AUC）、（4）增强后时间信号曲线最大斜率值（MAX Slope）。检查后1周内均经手术取得病理诊断,采用独立样本 t 检验或非参数检验比较良性组及恶性组间各量化参数的差异。绘制 ROC 曲线,并分析有价值量化参数对乳腺良、恶性病灶诊断价值。结果：恶性病灶组定量参数 Ktrans Max（t ＝2．228,P ＝0．033）、Ktrans Mean（t ＝4．092,P ＜0．001）、Kep Mean（Z ＝2．422,P ＝0．015）、Kep Max（t ＝2．240,P ＝0．031）及半定量参数 MAX Conc Max（t ＝3．256,P ＝0．002）、MAX Conc Mean（t ＝3．460,P ＝0．001）、AUC Max（t ＝2．250,P ＝0．034）、AUC Mean（t ＝2．861,P ＝0．007）、MAX Slope Max（t ＝2．478,P ＝0．018）、MAX Slope Mean（t ＝2．226,P ＝0．032）较良性病灶组值明显升高,而半定量参数 TTP Min（t ＝－5．145,P ＜0．001）、TTP Mean（t ＝－3．818,P ＜0．001）较良性病灶组明显缩短。经 ROC 曲线分析显示,Ktrans Mean、Kep Mean、TTP Min、MAX Conc Max、AUC Mean、MAX Slope Max 对乳腺良恶性病变具有诊断价值,根据最大约登指数计算最佳诊断阈值,分别以0．1137、0．0258、0．9065、0．1059、0．1640、0.1502为诊断阈值,其鉴别诊断乳腺病灶良恶性敏感度分别为73．33％、73．33％、91．67％、76．67％、80．00％、80.00％,特异性分别为100％、83．30％、70．00％、91．70％、66．70％、75．00％。结论：基于 DCE-MRI 技术及特定的药物动力学模型所获得的量化参数对乳腺良恶性病变鉴别诊断有临床价值,且有较高的诊断效能,有望成为无创性评价乳腺肿瘤微循环的新方法。     

Characterization of breast cancer subtypes by quantitative assessment of biological parameters: relationship with clinicopathological characteristics, biological features and prognosis

Objectives

Gene expression analysis has identified several breast cancer subtypes, including luminal, epidermal growth factor receptor-2 positive (HER2+), and basal-like. To determine if our proposed molecular taxonomy correlates with biological and clinical behavior. This is based on four biological markers: estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER and PR, respectively), HER2 and the epidermal growth factor receptor-1 (HER1), all of them being determined by quantitative assays.

Study design

The biological parameters were examined by enzyme immunoassay, radioligand-binding assay or ELISA, in tumors from 787 patients with invasive breast cancer. Patients were prospectively evaluated over a median follow-up period of 50 months. Subtype definitions were as follows: luminal (ER+), HER2+ (HER2+, ER−, PgR−) and basal-like (HER2−, ER−, PgR−). In addition, we divided basal tumors into two groups based on their HER1 status.

Results

A 55.8% of tumors were of luminal type, 11.9% basal-like HER1+, 10.7 basal-like HER1−, and the remainder 21.6% HER2+. Both HER2+ and basal-like subtypes were more frequent in younger and premenopausal women, showing a higher percentage of cases of poorly differentiated tumors and higher S-phase fraction, when compared with those of luminal subtype. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the subtype of tumor was related to both relapse and overall survival, being those of luminal subtype associated with the best prognosis.

Conclusions

Through the classification of breast tumors in four groups, according to their ER, PgR, HER2 and HER1 status, it is possible to obtain a major division of breast tumors associated with significant differences in biological features and clinical behavior.     

Breast cancer,ovarian gonadoblastoma and cervical cancer in a patient with Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome

BACKGROUND: Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome (PJS) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by gastrointestinal hamartomatous polyps and mucocutaneous pigmentation. Patients with PJS have increased risk for gastrointestinal, breast, and female genital tract cancers. CASE: Multiple genital tract cancers in a 34-year-old woman with PJS are described. The patient, who was admitted to our department with severe vaginal bleeding, was performed right salpingo-oophorectomy because of pure gonadoblastoma in 1996. In 2003, concomitant to cervical carcinoma, breast cancer was diagnosed. Patient underwent left modified radical mastectomy due to the invasive papillary carcinoma. The patient received six cycles combination chemotherapy and radiation therapy because of stage IIIB cervical cancer. CONCLUSION(S): This is the first case report presenting PJS associated with multiple genital tract tumors including ovarian gonadoblastoma in literature. The clinical significance of these tumors in PJS patients has been reviewed.     

Polymyositis in a patient with recurring ovarian cancer and history of unrelated breast cancer

Background Polymyositis (PM) is an idiopathic inflammatory myopathy. Occasionally, it may present as a paraneoplastic syndrome and it is strongly associated with ovarian and weakly with breast cancer. We present here a case of a 60-year-old patient with sequential breast and ovarian (second primary) carcinomas followed by PM as a paraneoplastic disorder. Case report The patient had been diagnosed with stage I breast carcinoma 3 years ago and had been treated with conservative surgery followed by radiotherapy and six cycles of chemotherapy (CMF). One and a half year later an ovarian carcinoma was diagnosed for which the patient underwent abdominal hysterectomy oophorectomy and omentectomy. The pathological report characterized it as second primary. Adjuvant chemotherapy with carboplatin and taxol was administered. Fourteen months after the initial laparotomy, the patient was re-operated due to ovarian carcinoma recurrence which was involving all lesser pelvis organs. After a successful radical removal of the recurrence the patient developed a fully expressed PM. This case serves to remind that this disease can occur as a paraneoplastic disorder.     

探究三维超声成像诊断乳腺肿块的临床应用价值

目的：探究与分析三维超声成像诊断乳腺肿块的临床应用价值。方法方便选取并回顾性分析该院自2013年9月—2015年9月收治的90例乳腺肿块患者的临床资料,该组患者均接受了二维超声、三维超声及弹性成像检查,将上述3种检查结果与术后病理结果进行对照。结果二维超声敏感性为79.03%,特异性为70.83%,准确性为74.63%,三维超声敏感性为89.83%,特异性为78.95%,准确性为84.33%,弹性超声成像敏感性为92.60%,特异性为82.5%,准确性为86.57%,三维超声与弹性超声成像敏感性、特异性及准确性相比均差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。三维超声与弹性超声成像敏感性、特异性及准确性与二维超声相比均明显增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论三维超声的诊断准确率明显高于二维超声,且与弹性超声成像无明显差异,临床医生可将其应用于乳腺肿块的诊断过程中,为进一步治疗提供合理依据。     

细针吸细胞学在乳腺肿瘤诊断中的应用

我院1977～1986年共做乳腺肿块细针吸细胞学检查1250例,其中359例获病理组织可供对照分析,对照率28.7％。良、恶性肿块术前细胞学诊断符合率分别为90.8％和80.1％。细针吸细胞学检查可用于乳癌普查和在部分病例代替冰冻切片活检。假阴性率较高,且有一定假阳性和针吸失败率、细胞量过少时不能充分反映出组织学特征为其缺点。本文提出提高针吸细胞学应用价值的工作程序。     

石蒜碱对人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7存活率及线粒体膜电位的影响

目的探讨石蒜碱对线粒体膜电位(MMP)和体外培养人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7细胞存活率的影响,并探讨其可能的作用机制。方法不同浓度石蒜碱处理MCF-7细胞后,采用噻唑蓝(MTT)法检测细胞存活率,并采用流式细胞仪检测MMP的变化。结果石蒜碱处理乳腺癌MCF-7细胞后,细胞存活率大幅下降,并呈明显的剂量效应关系,与对照组相比差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);同时,细胞MMP明显下降,与对照组相比差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论石蒜碱可降低人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7的存活率,其机制可能为触发了线粒体凋亡途径。