大鼠孤束核含酪氨酸羟化酶、神经降压素和胆囊收缩素样神经元向伏核的投射—HRP和免疫细胞化学双重标记法的研究

本文应用HRP顺、逆行追踪法结合免疫细胞化学双重标记法,对大鼠孤束核向伏核的投射进行了研究。主要结果如下:1.WGA-HRP注入孤束核尾侧段,在伏核后部的腹、内侧区,出现较密集的标记纤维、终末和标记细胞;将HRP注入伏核后部的腹、内侧区,在孤束核尾侧段(主要在连合核和内侧亚核)出现大量的顺、逆行标记,以同侧为主。2.HRP注射到伏核并结合免疫细胞化学反应,在孤束核尾侧段发现HRP-TH,HRP-NT、HRP-CCK双重标记细胞。HRP-TH的数目最多,其次是HRP-NT双标细胞,HRP-CCK双标细胞最少。     

Does ageing have an effect on midbrain premotor nuclei for vertical eye movements?

Currently, there is debate in the clinical literature as to whether defects in vertical gaze are a consequence of normal ageing or a component of an underlying neurodegenerative disorder. Although pathological changes have been demonstrated in diseased subjects, no study to date has addressed the question of normal ageing effects. In this retrospective study, we examined 23 neurologically and pathologically normal subjects (age 18-91). Using an unbiased, frame-based sampling method, we quantified neuronal and glial cell densities in 10 young (<50) and 13 aged (>65) subjects in the rostral interstitial nucleus of the medial longitudinal fasciculus (riMLF), the key premotor substrate in the vertical gaze pathway. We found no statistically significant difference in neuronal density, glial cell density, or neuron-to-glial cell ratios between the young and the aged. We conclude, therefore, that neuronal loss, neuronal atrophy, or gliosis in the riMLF are not consequences of normal ageing.     

Licensing and control authority batch release of influenza vaccine in Germany in accordance with EEC regulations

The epidemiological situation calls for almost yearly changes in the antigenic composition of influenza vaccine, thus necessitating fresh licensing procedures. Since the time for bringing a new vaccine onto the market should be relatively short, the following work of all parties involved must be done expeditiously: 1) WHO recommendations on new virus strains and their subsequent adaptation by the EEC (February/March); 2) Distribution of the new virus strains to the International Reference Centers for Influenza in the UK and USA (February/ March); the centers later issue reference materials for the determination of the haemagglutinin antigen concentration (April/May); 3) Production and testing of seed virus by manufacturers, as well as validation of the producer's inactivation process for the new virus strains (May/June); 4) Licensing of the vaccines by the National Control Authority (Paul-Ehrlich-Institute) (June/July); in the case of previously licensed products, the procedure is limited essentially to the approval of the detailed protocol of production and tests on the new virus strains, clinical studies not being required before licensing because of a lack of time; 5) Paul-Ehrlich-Institute's test for batch release, according to Directive 89/342/EEC, besides protocol approval, conducts material testing of the endotoxin and antigen content of each vaccine lot; the assay for the antigen quantification is especially laborious and sometimes must be repeated because of test invalidity.     

经尿道等离子双极汽化电切(TUPKVP)治疗前列腺增生症580例

目的:探讨经尿道等离子前列腺双极汽化电切术(TUPKVP)治疗前列腺增生的效果。方法:回顾性分析580例良性前列腺增生(BPH)患者行TUPKVP的临床资料。结果:中转开放手术2例,切除前列腺组织10~80 g,平均32.5 g。手术时间25~150 min,平均60 min,术中输血10例,无电切综合征(TURS)发生。术后随访2~36个月,患者最大尿流率升高,IPSS症状评分值降低,排尿通畅,疗效好,并发症少。结论:TUPKVP出血少,手术安全,疗效确切,是治疗前列腺增生的有效方法。     

A Review of Staffing in Childcare Centres in Six Countries

A review of the international literature on staffing in childcare centres in five English language countries and Denmark reveals both remarkable similarities and interesting differences in the childcare workforce. The paper compares characteristics of the workforce; their training and professional membership. It also compares conditions of work in each country, including salaries, staff benefits, and features of the working environment such as job satisfaction and staff turnover. Findings indicate that childcare workers tend to be young and female; that a relatively high proportion of untrained staff work in childcare centres; that, except in Denmark, the level of extrinsic benefits is startlingly low. Workers are paid relatively little compared to the average pay for women in their countries but the workforce does not benefit from enhanced conditions of work to compensate for low pay. However, the level of intrinsic satisfaction with the work is high. Caring for children is a satisfying form of employment, even if it offers a limited career structure.     

Arthroscopic treatment of elbowarthritis in athletes

Arthroscopy has a valuable role in the treatment of elbow arthritis in the athletic population. General arthroscopicdebridement techniques used in the treatment of arthritis in other joints are quite valuable. Arthroscopic modifications of open techniques unique to the elbow, such as ulnohumeral arthroplasty, also are useful. As in other joints, the benefits of arthroscopic treatment of elbow arthritis may be temporary. Proper patient selection and attention to technical detail are critical in this population.     

Bifurcation properties of the two process model

Abstract Daan's two process model is known to be one of the most powerful models, covering various situations from free-running to sleep deprivation. In this study, bifurcation properties of the model dynamics as function of a gap, D , between the threshold processes are clarified using a circle map. As a function of D , we will show that the model has the different types of the mutual entrainment regions that are intervened by the tangent bifurcation. The variable behavior of human circadian rhythm is suggested to be systematically understood based on the bifurcation properties of the two process model.     

间餐与中学生脑力工作能力关系研究

为阐明课间加餐对中学生上午学习能力的影响，采用剂量作业试验，通过自身前后对比，分析了间餐与脑力工作能力的关系，结果表明间餐不仅加快了脑力工作速度，控制了末节课的错误率，而且较有效地降低了显著疲劳发生率，经ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ逐步回归分析，显示间餐及高质量早餐均为阻遏疲劳发生之保护因子。     

Isolated noncompaction of the ventricular myocardium

Isolated noncompaction of the ventricular myocardium is a recently described anomaly. We report the first case of this anomaly presenting as a restrictive cardiomyopathy, and the first association of this entity with endocardial fibrosis.