血栓闭塞性脉管炎患者血栓素、前列环素及血液流变学指标的检测分析

目的 :探讨血栓闭塞性脉管炎患者血栓素B2 、前列环素与血液流变学指标的变化及其与发病机制的关系。方法 :用放射免疫法测定TXA2 和PGI2 的代谢产物血栓素B2 (TXB2 )、6 酮 前列腺素F1α( 6 K PGF1α) ,LBY N6A自清洗旋转式粘度计测定血液流变学指标 ,并与对照组对比分析。结果 :血栓闭塞性脉管炎患者TXB2 ( 53.59± 83.2 1ng/L)、6 K PGF1α( 14 .50± 3.4 5ng/L) ,与对照组相比差异显著 ;全血高切粘度、低切粘度、血浆粘度及纤维蛋白原疾病组均高于对照组 ,差异具有统计学意义。结论 :血栓闭塞性脉管炎患者存在TXA2 /PGI2失衡 ,并与血液流变学的改变有密切关系     

杂多化合物九钨三钛硅酸盐致畸毒性研究

目的 :观察九钨三钛硅酸盐 ( α- K8H2 〔Si W9Ti3 O4 0 〕· 1 5H2 O,简称 α- Ti3 )孕期给药对大鼠胎仔的毒性影响。方法 :大鼠孕期以 57.0 9,1 71 .2 8和 51 3.83mg/ kg剂量经口给予α- Ti3 ,并以Vit A为阳性对照及蒸馏水为阴性对照 ,产前剖腹检测胎鼠生长发育指标、外观内脏骨骼形态等。结果 :三个剂量组均未见胎鼠外观、内脏及骨骼畸形。低剂量组与高剂量组的活胎率升高 ,吸收胎数下降 ,与阴性对照组比较有显著性差异 (均为 P<0 .0 5)。低、中、高剂量组的胎鼠体重和身长高于阴性对照组 (分别为 P<0 .0 5,P<0 .0 1 ,P<0 .0 1 ) ,且增长程度与剂量呈正相关 ( r=0 .840 8,0 .72 2 8,P<0 .0 0 5,0 .0 5)。低、中、高三个剂量组的上枕骨骨化程度及胸骨块数高于阴性对照组和阳性对照组 ( P<0 .0 5,0 .0 1 ,0 .0 1 ,0 .0 5和 P<0 .0 5,0 .0 1 ,0 .0 1 )。各剂量组的母鼠肝脏重量及肝体比值不同程度下降。其中 ,中、高剂量组及阳性对照组的肝重及肝体比值与阴性对照组比较差异显著 (肝重比较分别为 P<0 .0 5,P<0 .0 5和 P<0 .0 1 ,肝体比值比较均为 P<0 .0 5)。结论 :α- Ti3 致畸试验未见胎鼠畸形 ,但可提高胎鼠生长发育指标和骨骼骨化程度。     

血浆代用品快速静脉输注对血清电解质的影响

目的 :观察 10 0例大中型手术患者手术早期快速静脉输入佳乐施和海脉素对血清电解质的影响。方法 :病人随机分为佳乐施组 (n =5 0 )和海脉素组 (n =5 0 ) ,静脉输入平衡盐液 5 0 0ml后快速输入佳乐施或海脉素 10 0 0ml,血浆代用品输入前后采取静脉血作血清电解质分析。结果 :佳乐施输入后血清K+较输入前降低 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,海脉素输入后血清Cl-和Ca 均较输入前增高 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :大剂量使用血浆代用品时应监测血清电解质水平和血液酸碱平衡情况。     

Ethanol self-administration in freely feeding and drinking rats: effects of Ro15-4513 alone,and in combination with Ro15-1788 (flumazenil)

Recent work in our laboratory demonstrated that Ro15-4513, a partial inverse benzodiazepine (BDZ) agonist, decreases ethanol (ETOH) self-administration in rodents under fluid deprivation conditions. The present study further examined the effects of Ro15-4513 (2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg) alone and in combination with Ro15-1788, (flumazenil) (8.0 and 16.0 mg/kg), a BDZ receptor antagonist on ETOH self-administration in freely feeding and drinking rats. Animals were trained to consume ETOH (11% v/v) using a limited access procedure. Measurements were taken at 10- and 60-min intervals. Ro15-4513 (2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg) markedly attenuated ETOH consumption at both intervals. The antagonistic actions of Ro15-4513 were completely blocked by the higher dose of flumazenil at both intervals; the lower dose failed to antagonize the Ro15-4513-induced reduction of ETOH intake. When flumazenil was given alone, both doses reduced ETOH self-administration at 60 min; although the magnitude of the antagonism was comparable to that of Ro15-4513 only with the highest does of flumazenil (16.0 mg/kg). Neither Ro15-4513 nor flumazenil alone or in combination significantly altered water intake at any of the tested doses. Rats pretreated with Ro15-4513 showed a substantial reduction in blood ethanol concentration (BEC) compared with the Tween-80 vehicle condition at the 10-min interval. However, the BEC of animals given Ro15-4513 in combination with flumazenil were similar to rats given Tween-80 vehicle. The present study extends our previous research by demonstrating that Ro15-4513 and flumazenil attenuate ETOH self-administration in non-food or water deprived rats. These studies suggest that the suppressant effects of Ro15-4513 and flumazenil on ETOH self-administration are associated with actions at the BDZ site of the GABA_A receptor complex. These data are discussed in relation to the possible mechanism(s) by which Ro-15-4513 and flumazenil exert their antagonism on ETOH self-administration.Portions of this work were presented at the Annual Meeting of the Research Society on Alcoholism under the symposium entitled GABA/BDZ Receptor Update, Marco Island, FL, June 10, 1991.We would like to dedicate this paper to the late Dr. Richard G. Lister, a friend, teacher, colleague and exceptional scientist who contributed substantially to the area of alcohol abuse and alcoholism. Over the past years, Dr. Lister investigated the interactions of alcohol with inverse benzodiazepine agonists and benzodiazepine receptor antagonists. His seminal and more recent papers played an important role in delineating the GABA benzodiazepine systems in the neurobehavioral actions of alcohol. Richard, we will miss you.     

Effects of benzodiazepine receptor ligands on the performance of an operant delayed matching to position task in rats: opposite effects of FG 7142 and lorazepam

The effects of a series of benzodiazepine (BZ) receptor ligands, ranging from a full agonist through to partial inverse agonists, were examined on short term working memory in the rat. The behavioural paradigm used was a discrete trial, operant delayed matching to position task, as originally described by Dunnett (1985), with delays of 0, 5, 15 and 30 s. The benzodiazepine receptor (BZR) full agonist lorazepam (0.25, 0.375 and 0.5 mg/kg) dose and delay dependently impaired matching accuracy. Lorazepam also increased the latency to respond and decreased the number of nose pokes made into the food tray during the delays. In contrast, the BZR partial agonist ZK 95 962 (1, 3, 10 mg/kg) did not affect matching accuracy, but did increase the speed of responding. The BZR antagonist ZK 93 426 (1.25, 5, 25 mg/kg) had no effects in this paradigm. The BZR weak partial inverse agonists Ro 15-4513 (0.1, 1 and 10 mg/kg) and ZK 90 886 (1, 3 and 10 mg/kg) did not affect accuracy of performance. However, both of these drugs increased the latency to respond and decreased nose poke responses. These motoric effects were particularly strong following 10 mg/kg Ro 15-4513. This shows that the effects of drugs on the accuracy of responding and on the speed of responding can be dissociated. The BZR partial inverse agonist FG 7142 had effects on matching accuracy that were dependent upon dose. The lowest dose of FG 7142 (1 mg/kg) significantly improved accuracy, whereas the highest dose (10 mg/kg) impaired accuracy. This impairment induced by FG 7142 (10 mg/kg) was accompanied by an increase in the latency to respond and a decrease in the number of nose pokes. Taken together, these results show that the accuracy of delayed matching performance can be modulated in opposite ways by the BZR full agonist lorazepam and a low dose of the BZR partial inverse agonist, FG 7142.     

A Simple and Rapid Fluorometric Determination Method of α1-Acid Glycoprotein in Serum Using Quinaldine Red

We examined different fluorescent probes suitable for fluorometric determination of ₁-acid glycoprotein (AGP) in serum. Quinaldine red (QR) was shown to bind strongly and selectively to AGP. Taking advantage of the enhanced fluorescence of QR in the presence of AGP, we developed a direct method for the determination of serum AGP without removal of other serum proteins such as albumin. AGP concentrations in serum of healthy volunteers and patients correlated well with results from the conventional single radial immunodiffusion (SRID) method (r = 0.93, slope = 1). The newly developed method is faster and has a larger analytical concentration range than the SRID method. This method can also be used to determine AGP in serum of experimental animals, and it can serve to monitor AGP serum concentrations for pharmacokinetic evaluation of basic drugs.     

Iodine-123-labelled fatty acids for myocardial single-photon emission tomography: current status and future perspectives

Renewed interest in the clinical use of iodine-123-labelled fatty acids is currently primarily focused on the use of iodine-123-labelled 15-(p-iodophenyl)pentadecanoic acid (IPPA) and modified fatty acid analogues such as 15-(p-iodophenyl)-3-R,S-methylpentadecanoic acid (BMIPP) which show delayed myocardial clearance, thus permitting single-photon emission tomographic imaging. Interest in the use of BMIPP and similar agents results from the differences which have often been observed in various types of heart disease between regional myocardial uptake patterns of [¹²³I]BMIPP and flow tracer distribution. Although the physiological basis is not completely understood, differences between regional fatty acid and flow tracer distribution may reflect alterations in important parameters of metabolism which can be useful for patient management or therapy planning. These tracers may also represent unique metabolic probes for correlation of energy substrate metabolism with regional myocardial viability. The two agents currently most widely used clinically are¹²³I-labelled IPPA and BMIPP. While [¹²³I]IPPA is commercially available as a radiopharmaceutical in Europe (Cygne) and Canada (Nordion), multicenter trials are in progress in the United States as a prelude to approval for broad use. [¹²³I]BMIPP was recently introduced as Cardiodine for commercial distribution in Japan (Nihon Medi-Physics, Inc.). [¹²³I]BMIPP is also being used in clinical studies on an institutional approval basis at several institutions in Europe and the United States. In this review, the development of a variety of radioiodinated fatty acids is discussed. The results of clinical trials with [¹²³I]IPPA and [¹²³I]BMIPP are discussed in detail, as are the future prospects for fatty acid imaging.     

工频电磁场对人体免疫功能的作用

目的　探讨工频电磁场对人体免疫功能的影响。方法　检测２５ 例长期工作在３ ×１０５ Ｖ超高压环境中的工作人员与５ 例正常对照者的外周血Ｔ 淋巴细胞分泌白细胞介素２（ＩＬ２） 活性,白细胞介素２ 受体（ＩＬ２Ｒ） 表达;单核／ 巨噬细胞抗体依赖的细胞介导的细胞毒（ＡＤＣＣ） 效应,白细胞介素１５（ＩＬ１５） 活性;血清中ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＡ、ＩｇＭ 的水平。结果　（１） 观察组ＩＬ２ 活性为（３６２ ±７８） Ｕ／ｍｌ,明显高于对照组［（２５４ ±６７）Ｕ／ｍｌ］ ,差异有显著性（ Ｐ ＜ ０ ．０５） 。（２） 观察组ＩＬ２Ｒ 表达比率为２８ ．４ ％ ±３ ．２ ％ ,对照组为２２ ．８ ％ ±１０ ．７ ％ ,差异无显著性（ Ｐ ＞ ０ ．０５） 。（３） 观察组单核／ 巨噬细胞ＡＤＣＣ 效应及ＩＬ１５ 分泌水平均有增强或增高的趋势,但差异无显著性（ Ｐ ＞ ０ ．０５） 。（４） 观察组血清中ＩｇＧ 水平为（１０ ．３７ ±１ ．２８）ｇ／Ｌ,明显高于对照组［（８ ．８９ ±１ ．８８）ｇ／Ｌ］ ,差异有显著性（ Ｐ ＜ ０ ．０５） ,而血清中ＩｇＡ、Ｉｇ Ｍ 水平与对照组比较,差异无显著性（ Ｐ ＞ ０ ．０５） 。结论　长期工作在工频电磁场环境中人员的Ｔ     

Cellular distribution of the NMDA receptor subunit NMDAR1 in fetal ventral mesencephalon transplants in the dopamine-depleted striatum of a rat

Immunohistochemistry was performed to demonstrate the cellular distribution of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunit NMDAR1 in the intrastriatal grafts of a rat model of Parkinson's disease. Unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesions of the mesostriatal pathway were produced in young adult female rats. Neural transplantation was performed with fetal ventral mesencephalon (VM) tissue (at embryonic day 15) 3 weeks after the 6-OHDA lesions. In the fetal VM in which the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunoreactivity was intensely observed, no NMDAR1 subunit immunoreactivity was detected. Immunopositive cells of NMDAR1 were densely distributed in the intact SNc contralateral to the lesions, in which intense immunoreactivity for TH was observed. In contrast, the cells positive for NMDAR1 in the SNr were scattered. The immunoreactivity for NMDAR1 was markedly decreased in the SNc, but not in the SNr on the lesioned side. Double immunostaining revealed that most TH-positive cells in the SNc showed moderate NMDAR1 immunoreactivity. Within the intrastriatal fetal VM grafts containing TH-positive cells, NMDAR1-positive cells tended to locate homogeneously within the grafts. These were composed of various cell sizes and shapes, but they were mainly medium-sized and aspiny cells. Double immunostaining revealed that a part of the TH-positive cells in the grafts was also immunopositive for NMDAR1. Taken together with our previous studies, it is suggested that both dopaminergic neurons and nondopaminergic neurons in the VM transplants appear to be modified functionally by glutamatergic afferents via various glutamate receptors, including NMDAR1.     

电针对佐剂关节炎大鼠脊髓单胺类递质含量的影响

为观察电针局部取穴对佐剂关节炎大鼠脊髓单胺类递质含量的影响, 将Ｗｉｓｔａｒ 雄性大鼠２１ 只, 随机分为正常对照组、佐剂关节炎模型组和电针局部取穴加模型组, 电针局部取穴组针刺患侧太溪、昆仑穴,接Ｇ－ ６８０５ 电针仪, 频率１５ Ｈｚ, 时间２０ ｍｉｎ , 隔日针刺１ 次。于实验后１４ ｄ 上午取脊髓组织, 测定５－ 羟色胺（５－ ＨＴ） 、多巴胺（ＤＡ）、去甲肾上腺素（ＮＡ） 、５ － 羟吲哚乙酸（５ － ＨＩＡＡ） 的含量。结果： 电针局部取穴组脊髓５ － ＨＴ、５ － ＨＩＡＡ含量均显著升高, 脊髓ＮＡ、ＤＡ含量显著下降。结果表明脊髓单胺类递质参与炎性痛大鼠电针镇痛的调制过程