哮喘-慢性阻塞性肺疾病重叠综合征患者呼出气冷凝集液中TNF-α、IL-8、IL-10的检测水平及意义

目的检测哮喘-慢性阻塞性肺疾病重叠综合征(ACOS)患者呼出气冷凝集液(EBC)中肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素8(IL-8)、IL-10水平,并分析其与该疾病的关系.方法选取2016年2月至2019年3月成都市第三人民医院收治的ACOS患者105例,单纯哮喘患者109例(哮喘组),单纯COPD患者104例(COPD组),另选取同期体检的正常人100例(健康对照组).酶联免疫吸附法检测EBC中TNF-α、IL-8、IL-10水平,自动血液仪检测外周血嗜酸粒细胞比例,利用肺功能仪检测所有受试者第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、用力肺活量(FVC).结果ACOS组、哮喘组、COPD组患者血清IgE水平、外周血嗜酸粒细胞显著高于健康对照组(t=13.594、23.188、3.595;20.886、26.966、20.036,P值均<0.05).ACOS组EBC中TNF-α、IL-8水平显著高于COPD组、哮喘组、健康对照组(t=11.999、13.157、26.807;6.961、7.741、32.496,P值均<0.05),IL-10水平、FEV1%pred显著低于哮喘组、COPD组、健康对照组(t=7.566、9.568、40.129;t=11.539、14.339、28.837,P值均<0.05),FEV1/FVC值显著低于健康对照组(t=16.756,P<0.05);COPD组、哮喘组EBC中TNF-α水平、IL-8水平显著高于健康对照组(t=14.892、14.057;25.544、25.146,P值均<0.05),IL-10水平、FEV1%pred、FEV1/FVC值显著低于健康对照组(t=32.562、31.045;t=17.372、14.939;13.752、16.341,P值均<0.05);哮喘组和COPD组TNF-α、IL-8、IL-10水平、FEV1%pred、FEV1/FVC值比较差异无统计学意义(t=1.015、0.697、1.909、2.658、2.457,P值均>0.05).Pearson检验结果显示,ACOS患者EBC中TNF-α、IL-8水平与FEV1%pred、FEV1/FVC呈负相关(r=-0.463、-0.504;-0.447、-0.476,P值均<0.05);IL-10水平与FEV1%pred、FEV1/FVC呈正相关(r=0.429、0.474,P值均<0.05);Logistic回归分析结果显示,血清IgE水平升高、EBC中TNF-α、IL-8水平升高是ACOS的危险因素(P<0.05),EBC中IL-10水平升高是ACOS的保护因素(P<0.05).结论EBC中TNF-α、IL-8、IL-10水平可能具有潜在的鉴别ACOS生物标志价值.     

Endoscopic and surgical drainage for pancreatic fluid collections are better than percutaneous drainage: Meta-analysis

BackgroundPancreatic pseudocyst (PP) and walled-off necrosis can be managed endoscopically, percutaneously or surgically, but with diverse efficacy.Aims & methodsA comprehensive literature search was carried out from inception to December 2018, to identify articles which compared at least two of the three kinds of treatment modalities, regarding the mortality, clinical success, recurrence, complications, cost and length of hospitalisation (LOH).ResultsThe outcomes of endoscopic (ED) and percutaneous drainage (PD) were comparable in six articles. The clinical success of endoscopic intervention was better considering any types of fluid collections (OR = 3.36; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.48, 7.63; p = 0.004). ED was preferable regarding recurrence of PP (OR = 0.23; 95% CI 0.08, 0.66; p = 0.006). Fifteen articles compared surgical intervention with ED. Significant difference was found in postoperative LOH (WMD (days) = −4.61; 95%CI -7.89, −1.33; p = 0.006) and total LOH (WMD (days) = −3.67; 95%CI -5.00, −2.34; p < 0.001) which favored endoscopy, but ED had lower rate of clinical success (OR = 0.54; 95% CI 0.35, 0.85; p = 0.007) and higher rate of recurrence (OR = 1.80; 95% CI 1.16, 2.79; p = 0.009) in the treatment of PP. Eleven studies compared surgical and percutaneous intervention. PD resulted in higher rate of recurrence (OR = 4.91; 95% CI 1.82, 13.22; p = 0.002) and lower rate of clinical success (OR = 0.13; 95% CI 0.07, 0.22, p < 0.001).ConclusionBoth endoscopy and surgery are preferable over percutaneous intervention, furthermore endoscopic treatment is associated with shorter hospitalisation than surgery.     

不稳定性心绞痛患者介入治疗围术期CD4 T淋巴细胞磷酸酶基因表达的变化

目的探讨不稳定性心绞痛患者PCI围术期CD4T淋巴细胞张力蛋白同源第10染色体丢失的磷酸酶基因(PTEN)表达的变化。方法连续入选拟行择期PCI的不稳定性心绞痛患者42例,分别于PCI术前、术后16²4h抽取新鲜外周血20ml,免疫磁珠法分选出CD4T淋巴细胞,荧光定量PCR检测PTEN mRNA表达,蛋白免疫印迹法检测PTEN蛋白表达,酶联免疫吸附法检测TNF-α及白细胞介素10(IL-10)炎性相关因子的表达。结果与PCI术前比较,PCI术后患者肌钙蛋白I高于正常高值的发生率为45.4%;与PCI术前比较,PCI术后血浆TNF-α水平明显升高,PTEN mRNA、PTEN蛋白和IL-10明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。直线相关分析显示,PTEN蛋白与TNF-α呈负相关(r=-0.874,P<0.01),与IL-10呈正相关(r=0.732,P<0.05)。结论 PCI术可能通过下调PTEN的表达,促进相关炎性因子的分泌,从而诱发心肌炎症损伤。     

Obesity and the risk and prognosis of gallstone disease and pancreatitis

Obesity is a risk factor for the formation of cholesterol gallstones and exposes patients to increased risk of gallstone-related complications and cholecystectomy. Rapid weight loss achieved by very low calorie diets or bariatric surgery is also a risk factor for cholelithiasis in obese patients, and therapy should take into account the higher prevalence of gallstones, the possibility of more frequent complications and the need for prophylactic treatment with oral ursodeoxycholic acid during weight loss. Obesity is also frequent in children and adolescents, and the burden of cholesterol cholelithiasis is increasing in this population. The chance to develop acute pancreatitis and the severity of the disease are higher in obese subjects because of specific pathogenic factors, including supersaturated bile and crystal formation, rapid weight loss, and visceral obesity. All health policies aimed at reducing the incidence of obesity worldwide will decrease the incidence of gallstones and gallstone-related complications. The pathophysiological scenarios and the therapeutic implications for obesity, gallstone disease, and pancreatitis are discussed.