三氧化二砷对口腔鳞癌细胞系Nrf2通路的激活作用

目的探讨三氧化二砷(AS2O3)对人口腔鳞癌细胞系SCC-15中氧化应激Nrf2通路的作用。方法通过体外培养人口腔鳞癌细胞系SCC-15,采用细胞免疫荧光法检测不同浓度AS2O3对SCC-15中Nrf2及其下游基因Ⅱ相抗氧化酶—血红素氧合酶1(HO-1)和醌氧化还原酶(NQO1)表达水平的影响,计数平均光密度值。同时采用蛋白免疫印迹方法定量检测不同浓度AS2O3对SCC-15中Nrf2及其下游Ⅱ相抗氧化酶—血红素氧合酶1和醌氧化还原酶表达水平的影响。结果不同浓度的AS2O3对Nrf2、血红素氧合酶1和醌氧化还原酶均有一定的激活作用,并呈剂量依赖关系。结论 AS2O3可激活口腔鳞癌细胞系SCC-15的Nrf2信号通路,具有促进抗氧化基因表达的作用。     

MTA修补髓底穿孔的临床疗效观察

目的评价三氧化物多聚体(mineral trioxide aggregate,MTA)、磷酸锌水门汀(ZPC)和银汞合金(amalgam)应用于髓室底穿孔修补的临床疗效。方法选取髓底穿孔的患牙50颗,随机分成3组,均做严密的根管治疗,之后分别用MTA、ZPC、银汞合金修补髓空底,3组均定期复查,观察临床效果及X线片结果。结果经过1年后复查,MTA修补髓室底穿孔效果明显高于ZPC和银汞合金(P<0.05)。结论 MTA作为一种新型生物材料,具有良好的封闭性,组织相容性和生物活性,是修补髓室底穿孔良好修复材料,同时提高牙齿保存率,在临床广泛应用。     

Tooth Discoloration after the Use of New Pozzolan Cement (Endocem) and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and the Effects of Internal Bleaching

Introduction

The aim of this study was to evaluate tooth discoloration after the use of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and to examine the effect of internal bleaching on discoloration associated with MTA.

Methods

Thirty-two teeth were endodontically treated. Three-millimeter plugs of MTA, ProRoot, Angelus, or Endocem were placed on the access cavities of 24 teeth. Eight teeth served as the control group. After 24 hours, the access cavities were restored, and the tooth color was recorded at baseline and at 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks. After 12 weeks, the MTA materials were removed under a microscope, and an internal bleaching treatment was performed. After removal of the MTA materials and after a 1-week bleaching treatment, the color changes were measured, and the MTA-dentin interfaces were observed under a microscope.

Results

The ProRoot and Angelus groups displayed increasing discoloration during a period of 12 weeks. The discoloration associated with ProRoot and Angelus was observed at the MTA-dentin interface and on the interior surface of the dentin. However, the Endocem groups demonstrated no significant discoloration (P < .05). No marginal discoloration was observed around the material in the Endocem group. Removal of the discolored MTA was effective for resolving the discoloration in all of the experimental groups (P < .05). However, a subsequent internal bleaching treatment was not significantly effective compared with the removal of MTA.

Conclusions

ProRoot and Angelus caused tooth discoloration. However, Endocem did not affect the contacting dentin surface. Removing the discolored MTA materials contributed more to resolving the tooth discoloration than post-treatment internal bleaching.     

Management of open apices in thirteen traumatized permanent incisors using mineral trioxide aggregate: Case series

AimThe partial pulpotomy can offer a successful outcome for the treatment of traumatic complicated crown fractures. The aim of this clinical report was to evaluate the effect of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) in apexogenesis of traumatized immature permanent incisors with pulp exposure.Case reportAccording to clinical and radiological examinations complicated crown fractures and open apices were identified in 13 permanent upper incisors in ten patients (age range 7–10 years). Partial pulpotomy procedures were performed and the teeth were treated with MTA. In this report, periodic clinical and radiological follow-ups were performed. At recall examinations, all teeth were asymptomatic, and clinical and radiological investigations revealed excellent healing patterns with continued apexogenesis.ConclusionRegular examination of immature traumatized permanent teeth is critical for vitality and apexification. In this report, clinical and radiological findings confirm that partial pulpotomy with MTA is a reliable and effective treatment approach in apexogenesis of traumatized immature permanent incisors with pulp exposure.     

2010年内蒙古包头市土右旗饮水型地方性砷中毒病情监测结果分析

目的 了解内蒙古包头市土右旗饮水含砷量及地方性砷中毒病情防治现状.方法 2010年,对包头市土右旗7个自然村(缸房营、老虎尧、石老丈、油房营、王老四、大井、小井)进行砷中毒病情监测,采取入户调查的方式筛查砷中毒病人,砷中毒诊断采用《地方性砷中毒诊断标准》(WS/T 211-2001).调查萨拉齐自来水公司、毛岱自来水公司和老虎尧改水工程3个改水工程运行情况.在每个改水工程和监测村采集枯水期和丰水期水样各2份,测定水砷,水砷测定采用二乙氨基二硫代甲酸银分光光度法(WS/T28-1996).结果 3个改水工程均正常运行,萨拉齐自来水公司、毛岱自来水公司水砷均＜ 0.01 mg/L,符合饮用水安全标准;老虎尧改水工程水砷为0.053 mg/L,高于饮用水安全标准.7个村已全部改水,老虎尧村水砷为0.052 mg/L,其余6个村水砷均＜ 0.05 mg/L.共监测2095人,检出可疑病例6例,轻度病例14例,中度病例4例,重度病例10例;无新发病例出现.砷中毒病人的年龄主要集中在40 ～ 70岁.结论 包头市土右旗部分村饮水含砷量仍然超标,但未在砷中毒病区发现新的砷中毒病人.     

山西省饮水型慢性砷中毒病区环境介质中砷暴露水平调查

目的 调查山西省饮水型慢性砷中毒病区环境介质水、土壤以及自产粮食、蔬菜中的砷含量,了解该病区外环境中砷暴露水平,为病区地方性砷中毒的防治提供科学依据.方法 在山西省山阴县饮水型慢性砷中毒病区,按照《地方性砷中毒诊断标准》(WS/T 211-2001)选择126个家庭共309人作为调查对象,入户采集饮用水、土壤、当地自产粮食(小米、黍子)和蔬菜(马铃薯).水砷和粮食砷采用电感耦合等离子体质谱联用仪(ICP-MS)检测,土壤和蔬菜通过原子荧光分光光度计(AFS)定量检测砷含量.按饮水含砷量分为5组(≤10,＞ 10～50,＞50 ～ 100,＞100～200,＞200 μg/L),以≤10 μg/L组作为参考值,分析水砷暴露与皮肤病变的关系.结果 在抽取的126份饮用水样品中,水砷范围为4.04～720.00 μg/L,中位数为87.75 μg/L,超标率为63.49％(80/126);粮食砷浓度范围为0.16～4.58 mg/kg,中位数为0.66 mg/kg,超标率为98.73％(78/79);土壤和蔬菜中砷含量范围分别为5.34～13.74 mg/kg和0～ 0.30 mg/kg.用标准参考人估算通过饮水、粮食、蔬菜每天摄入的无机砷量,并与世界卫生组织(WHO)规定无机砷最大日允许摄入量(MTDI)比较,粮食中总砷含量为0.17 mg/kg时无机砷的摄入量相当于水砷浓度为10μg/L时无机砷的摄入量.同时,分析水砷暴露与皮肤病变关联强度,组间比值比(OR)分别为3.219、9.001、56.127、97.734,呈递增趋势,地方性砷中毒皮肤病变发病危险性逐渐增加,进一步对水砷暴露水平与皮肤病变严重程度进行Spearman等级相关检验,r=0.501 (P＜0.05),水砷暴露与砷中毒的皮肤病变存在关联性且水砷暴露水平越高,皮肤病变程度越严重.结论 山西省山阴县饮水型慢性砷中毒病区饮用水、自产粮食砷含量偏高,而土壤和蔬菜砷含量不高.饮用高砷井水是导致慢性砷中毒的主要危险因素,通过饮食摄入的砷也不容忽视.     

三氧化二砷联合化疗治疗急性早幼粒细胞白血病的疗效观察

目的:观察三氧化二砷(As2O3)联合化疗治疗急性早幼粒细胞白血病(APL)的疗效.方法:46例初治APL患者均采用As2O3诱导治疗,完全缓解(CR)后用DA或MA方案巩固1个疗程,以后As2O3与化疗交替治疗,每3月1次,连续治疗3年.再继以甲氧蝶呤片与巯嘌呤片维持治疗1年.结果:46例患者有38例(82.6％)达到CR,34例坚持治疗者持续缓解,缓解时间17～119个月,中位缓解时间67个月;4例CR2患者缓解时间43～ 71个月,中位缓解时间54个月.38例患者仍处于CR,生存时间131～ 18个月,中位生存时间65个月.结论:APL患者CR后,采取每年4个周期的巩固和维持方案序贯治疗,减少了化疗及As2O3的疗程,避免了长期连续用药所致的耐药,减少了药物的副作用,复发率很低.     

Bioceramic materials in endodontics

During the past two decades, a number of major advances have been made in the field of bioactive ceramics used for endodontic treatment. This article reviews the physico-chemical and biological properties of bioceramic materials and the application of bioceramic technology to endodontics. Bioceramic materials, with their biocompatible nature and excellent physico-chemical properties, are widely used in endodontic applications. They can function as cements, root repair materials, root canal sealers and filling materials, which have the advantages of enhanced biocompatibility, potential increased root strength following obturation, antibacterial properties and sealing ability. New bioceramic materials have demonstrated the ability to overcome some of the significant limitations of earlier generations of endodontic materials. Most bioceramic materials have been shown to be biocompatible and have good physico-chemical characteristics, therefore having a potential use in clinical endodontics. Although in vitro studies on the use of bioceramic materials in endodontics have given encouraging results, randomized and double-blind clinical studies of sufficient length with these materials are needed to confirm long-term success following their use.