Safety of total dose iron dextran infusion in geriatric patients with chronic kidney disease and iron deficiency anemia

There are limited data on total dose infusion (TDI) using iron dextran in geriatric chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients with iron-deficiency anemia (IDA). Our goal was to evaluate the safety of TDI in this setting. We conducted a retrospective chart review spanning a 5 year period (2002–2007), including all patients with CKD and IDA who were treated with iron dextran TDI. Patient demographics were noted, and laboratory values for creatinine, hemoglobin and iron stores were recorded pre- and post-dose. TDI diluted in normal saline was administered intravenously over 4-6 hours after an initial test dose. One hundred fifty-three patients received a total of 250 doses of TDI (mean?±?SD?=?971?±?175?mg); age was 69?±?12 years and creatinine 3.3?±?1.9?mg/dL. All stages of CKD were represented (stage 4 commonest). Hemoglobin and iron stores improved post-TDI (P?P?=?0.1433 by Fishers Exact Test). Iron dextran TDI is relatively safe and effective in correcting IDA in geriatric CKD patients. Fewer AEs were noted with the LMW compared to the HMW product. LMW iron dextran given as TDI can save both cost and time, helping to alleviate issues of non-compliance and patient scheduling.     

Routine Laboratory Testing Every 4 Versus Every 6 Weeks for Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis: A Quality Improvement Project

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慢性肾脏病患者血清维生素D水平在整体营养状况评价中的应用及其意义

目的：研究大连地区不同阶段慢性肾脏病（CKD）患者血清维生素D水平及缺乏率,阐明血清维生素D水平在CKD患者营养状况评价中的应用价值。方法：选择284例肾内科病房确诊为CKD并自愿参加调查的患者为研究对象,按不同肾功能状态进行分期,分为早期（CKD1-2期）组（n=115）、中晚期（CKD3~5期）组（n=131）和透析组（n=38）,比较各组患者血清中25羟维生素D[25（OH） D]水平和维生素D缺乏率。根据K/DOQI指南,按照血清25（OH） D水平将患者分为维生素D缺乏组（n=196）、维生素D不足组（n=76）和维生素D充足组（n=12）,比较各组患者红细胞（RBC）计数、血红蛋白（Hb）、红细胞压积（Hct）、平均红细胞体积（MCV）、平均红细胞血红蛋白量（MCH）、平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度（MCHC）、血白蛋白（Alb）、前白蛋白（PA）、总蛋白（TP）、血肌酐（Cr）、尿素氮（BUN）和尿蛋白（Up）水平。采用Spearman相关分析法进行血清25（OH） D水平相关影响因素分析,分析指标包括RBC、Hb、Hct、MCV、Cr、PA、Alb和Up;采用多元线性回归分析法进行血清25（OH） D水平影响因素分析,纳入分析的指标包括Hb、MCV、PA、Alb、Cr和Up。结果：早期组、中晚期组和透析组患者维生素D缺乏率分别为77.4%、66.4%和52.6%;早期组患者血清25（OH） D水平明显低于中晚期组和透析组（P<0.05）;早期组患者维生素D缺乏率明显高于透析组（P<0.05）。维生素D缺乏组患者RBC计数、Hb水平和Hct明显低于维生素D不足组（P<0.05）;维生素D缺乏组和维生素D不足组患者血Cr水平明显低于维生素D充足组（P<0.05）;维生素D缺乏组患者Alb和TP水平明显低于其他2组（P<0.05）;维生素D缺乏组患者Up水平明显高于维生素D不足组（P<0.05）。Spearman相关分析法,血清25（OH） D水平与患者RBC计数、Hb水平、Hct、MCV、Cr、PA、Alb和TP水平呈正相关关系（r=0.199,P=0.01;r=0.232,P<0.01;r=0.232,P<0.01;r=0.131,P=0.028;r=0.147,P=0.013;r=0.277,P<0.01;r=0.696,P<0.01;r=0.677,P<0.01）,与Up水平呈负相关关系（r=-0.603,P<0.01）。以25（OH） D为因变量,以RBC计数、Hb水平、Hct、MCV、PA、Alb、TP、Cr和Up为自变量进行多元线性回归分析,由于Hb与Hct和RBC计数呈正相关关系（r=0.974,P<0.01;r=0.943,P<0.01）,Alb与TP呈正相关关系（r=0.874,P<0.01）,为避免共线性,最后选择Hb、MCV、PA、Alb、Cr和Up为自变量进行多元线性回归分析,Alb和Up是25（OH） D水平的独立影响因素。结论：大连地区CKD患者维生素D缺乏现象严重,这一现象在早期CKD患者中尤为明显。过低的血清25（OH） D水平与CKD患者贫血、低蛋白血症及尿蛋白丢失有关联。     

Role of iron deficiency and anemia in cardio-renal syndromes

Chronic heart failure is a common disorder associated with unacceptably high mortality rates. Chronic renal disease and anemia are two important comorbidities that significantly influence morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Progress in CHF again may cause worsening of kidney function and anemia. To describe this vicious cycle, the term cardio-renal anemia syndrome has been suggested. Iron deficiency is part of the pathophysiology of anemia in both CHF and chronic kidney disease, which makes it an interesting target for treatment of anemia in cardio-renal anemia syndrome. Recently, studies have highlighted the potential clinical benefits of treating iron deficiency in patients with CHF, even if these patients are nonanemic. This article summarizes studies investigating the influence of iron deficiency with or without anemia in chronic kidney disease and CHF and gives an overview of preparations of intravenous iron currently available.     

Preoperative anemia is associated with disease recurrence and progression in patients with non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer

Purpose

To evaluate the effect of preoperative anemia (PA) on oncological outcomes in a multicenter cohort of patients with non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) treated with transurethral resection of the bladder (TURB) and adjuvant intravesical therapies. We hypothesize that PA represents a marker of disease aggressiveness and could be used to improve the discrimination of prognostic tools for the prediction of disease recurrence and progression.

Effect of peritoneal dialysis versus hemodialysis on renal anemia in renal in end-stage disease patients: a meta-analysis

The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD) on renal anemia (RA) in renal disease patients by a meta-analysis. Relevant studies published before June 2015 were searched. Pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to evaluate the effect of HD and PD on RA based on five indexes: hemoglobin, ferritin, transferrin saturation index, serum albumin, and parathyroid hormone. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias assessment were conducted to evaluate the stability and reliability of our results. A total of fourteen eligible studies with 1103 cases underwent HD and 625 cases underwent PD were used for this meta-analysis. There were no significant difference for levels of hemoglobin (SMD?=??0.23, 95% CI: ?0.74 to 0.28), ferritin (SMD?=?0.01, 95% CI: ?0.59 to 0.62), parathyroid hormone (SMD?=?0.11, 95% CI: ?1.53 to 1.75) and transferrin saturation index (SMD?=??0.06, 95% CI: ?0.67 to 0.56) between HD and PD group. However, the content of serum albumin in HD group was much more than that in PD group (SMD?=?1.58, 95% CI: 0.35 to 2.81). Neither of the included studies could reverse the pooled side effect and Egger’s test demonstrated no publication bias. Both of the two dialysis strategies have a similar effect on RA in renal disease patients.     

生血宁片治疗维持性腹膜透析患者肾性贫血的临床观察

目的观察中成药生血宁片治疗维持性腹膜透析患者肾性贫血的临床疗效及对铁代谢指标、营养不良和微炎症状态的影响。方法选取武汉大学中南医院维持性腹膜透析肾性贫血患者56例,随机分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组口服生血宁片,对照组口服多糖铁复合物胶囊,两组均同时联合皮下注射重组人促红细胞生成素针。治疗12周后观察和比较2组患者治疗前后血红蛋白、红细胞比容、血清铁蛋白、转铁蛋白饱和度、血清肌酐、白蛋白、超敏C反应蛋白等指标变化,同时观察治疗中的不良反应。结果 2组患者在治疗前的贫血指标之间差异无统计学意义(P0.05),治疗后治疗组及对照组患者贫血治疗的总有效率分别为92.9%及82.1%,治疗组总有效率明显高于对照组(P0.01);治疗后两组患者的贫血指标较治疗前有显著变化(P0.05),治疗组用药后血红蛋白、红细胞比容、血清铁蛋白、转铁蛋白饱和度、血清白蛋白均较治疗前明显升高(P0.05),与对照组相比贫血指标差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗组超敏C反应蛋白水平较治疗前有所下降,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。对照组患者有7例不良反应,而治疗组患者无一例不良反应发生,其不良反应发生明显低于对照组。结论生血宁片可有效纠正腹膜透析患者贫血状态,改善铁代谢和营养不良,同时并未增加腹透患者体内微炎症状态。采用生血宁片联合促红细胞生成素治疗维持性腹膜透析患者肾性贫血的临床疗效明显,且未见明显不良反应。     

Partial splenectomy for children with congenital hemolytic anemia and massive splenomegaly

Partial splenectomy is an alternative to total splenectomy for the treatment of congenital hemolytic anemias (CHAs) in children, although the feasibility of this technique in the setting of massive splenomegaly is unknown. This study was designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of partial splenectomy in children with CHAs and massive splenomegaly. This retrospective study examined 29 children with CHAs who underwent partial splenectomy. Children were divided into 2 groups based on splenic size: 8 children had splenic volumes greater than 500 mL, whereas 21 children had splenic volumes less than 500 mL. Outcome variables included perioperative complications, transfusion requirements, hematocrits, reticulocyte counts, bilirubin levels, splenic sequestration, and splenic regrowth. All 29 children underwent successful partial splenectomy with 0.02 to 10 years of follow-up. After partial splenectomy, children overall had decreased transfusion requirements, increased hematocrits, decreased bilirubin levels, decreased reticulocyte counts, and elimination of splenic sequestration. Children with massive splenomegaly had similar outcomes compared with children without massive splenomegaly. Long-term complications included 3 mild infections, 4 cases of gallstones requiring cholecystectomy, and 1 child who required completion splenectomy. Partial splenectomy is a safe, effective, and technically feasible option for children with various CHAs, even in the setting of massive splenomegaly.     

酪酸梭菌活菌片联合琥珀酸亚铁片治疗儿童缺铁性贫血的疗效观察

目的观察酪酸梭菌活菌片联合琥珀酸亚铁片治疗缺铁性贫血的临床疗效及贫血并发症发生情况。 方法选择缺铁性贫血患儿81例,随机分为治疗组40例和对照组41例。对照组给予琥珀酸亚铁片治疗,治疗组采用酪酸梭菌活菌片联合琥珀酸亚铁片治疗。比较2组红细胞压积、血色素、血清铁及血清铁蛋白贫血指标,比较2组恶心、呕吐、食欲不振、腹泻、便秘不良反应发生情况,比较2组临床疗效。 结果治疗后,2组红细胞压积、血红蛋白、血清铁及血清铁蛋白水平均高于治疗前,治疗组血细胞比容、血红蛋白、血清铁及铁蛋白水平高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05)。治疗组不良反应发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。2组总有效率差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。 结论酪酸梭菌活菌片联合琥珀酸亚铁片治疗缺铁性贫血疗效优于琥珀酸亚铁片单药治疗,可明显降低不良反应发生率,具有较好的临床使用价值。     

基于倾向匹配法鉴别MCV和网织红细胞参数对地中海贫血和缺铁性贫血的价值

目的 探讨MCV(平均红细胞体积)和网织红细胞参数对地中海贫血和缺铁性贫血鉴别诊断的意义。方法回顾性收集2017年7月～2019年7月诊断为缺铁性贫血和地中海贫血的病例,依据诊断分为缺铁组(n=226)和地贫组(n=60)。采用倾向匹配法筛选基线资料,最终两组各纳入42例。比较两组MCV和网织红细胞参数。结果匹配后两组基线资料无显著性差异(P0.05),匹配前MCV两组间比较有差异(P0.05),匹配后没差异,匹配前后LFR/MFR/HFR(低荧光强度网织红细胞比率/中荧光强度网织红细胞比率/高荧光强度网织红细胞比率)在两组间比较均无差异(P0.05),Ret-He(网织红细胞血红蛋白)在匹配前后两组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 Ret-He对地中海贫血和缺铁性贫血鉴别诊断有一定的意义。