大脑功能及α波优势频分析在厌学青少年的应用

目的探讨厌学青少年大脑功能状态和α波优势频特点及对心理咨询的指导价值。方法以厌学进行心理咨询的青少年为研究组,以发展咨询的青少年为对照组。统一使用ML-2001脑功能状态检查仪对其脑功能状态和α波优势竞争频率及熵值进行测量,并对测量结果进行分析。结果两组的α波竞争优势主频分布于各频之间无显著性差异,但主频与次频之差均值和熵值差异显著（P〈0.01）;各脑区同时段主频不统一和多频互扰现象和大脑少氧、疲劳、左右对称性、前后功率逆转情况差异显著（P〈0.01）。结论厌学青少年大脑工作状态和脑电活动的有序性和统一性较差,影响厌学青少年的认知和行为。     

全国细菌耐药监测网2014—2021年血标本分离毗邻颗粒链菌的耐药性变迁

目的 了解全国临床血标本分离毗邻颗粒链菌的耐药性变迁,为临床治疗提供依据。方法 按照全国细菌耐药监测网(CARSS)技术方案的要求开展细菌耐药监测工作,参考美国临床实验室标准化协会(CLSI)标准,分析2014—2021年CARSS成员单位血标本分离毗邻颗粒链菌对抗菌药物的敏感性数据。结果 2014—2021年CARSS成员单位每年血标本临床分离毗邻颗粒链菌为83～152株,2017年后呈逐渐增多趋势。血标本分离毗邻颗粒链菌对万古霉素敏感率为100%,对美罗培南的敏感率为93.7%,对头孢曲松、头孢噻肟、头孢吡肟的敏感率为90%左右,对左氧氟沙星的敏感率为82.8%,对青霉素的敏感率为65.0%,对红霉素和克林霉素的敏感率较低,分别为32.7%、46.8%。2014—2021年毗邻颗粒链菌对部分抗菌药物的敏感率有不同程度上升,对头孢吡肟、美罗培南的敏感率有所下降。结论 临床血标本毗邻颗粒链菌检出数量呈上升趋势,且对青霉素、头孢菌素、碳青霉烯类、氟喹诺酮类、大环内酯类均呈现不同程度耐药,但尚未发现对万古霉素耐药的菌株。     

贯众的药理研究

综述贯众近年来在药理活性、临床应用等方面的研究进展,以供开发研究和临床应用参考.     

Metabolic and pharmacological profiling of Penicillium claviforme by a combination of experimental and bioinformatic approaches

BackgroundPenicillium produces a wide range of structurally diverse metabolites with significant pharmacological impacts in medicine and agriculture. For the first time, a complete metabolome of Penicillium claviforme (P. claviforme) (FBP-DNA-1205) was studied alongside pharmacological research in this study.MethodsThe metabolic profile of P. claviforme fermented on Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB) was investigated in this work. The complete metabolomics studies of fungus were performed using GC-MS and LC-MS-QTOF techniques. An in vitro model was utilised to study the cytotoxic and antioxidant activities, while an in vivo model was employed to investigate the antinociceptive and acute toxicity activities. Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) software was used for molecular docking analysis.ResultsGC-MS study showed the presence of alkanes, fatty acids, esters, azo and alcoholic compounds. Maculosin, obtain, phalluside, quinoline, 4,4’-diaminostilbene, funaltrexamine, amobarbital, and fraxetin were among the secondary metabolites identified using the LC-MS-QTOF technique. The n-hexane fraction of P. claviforme displayed significant cytotoxic activity in vitro, with an LD50 value of 92.22 µgml⁻¹. The antinociceptive effects in vivo were dose-dependent significantly (p < .001). Interestingly, during the 72 h of investigation, no acute toxicity was demonstrated. In addition, a docking study of tentatively identified metabolites against the inflammatory enzyme (COX-2) supported the antinociceptive effect in an in silico model.ConclusionMetabolic profile of P. claviforme shows the presence of biologically relevant compounds in ethyl acetate extract. In addition, P. claviforme exhibits substantial antioxidant and cytotoxic activities in an in vitro model as well as antinociceptive activity in an in vivo model. The antinociceptive action is also supported by a molecular docking study. This research has opened up new possibilities in the disciplines of mycology, agriculture, and pharmaceutics.

Key messages

• The first time explored complete metabolome through GC-MS and LC-MS-QTOF.
• Both in vivo & in vitro pharmacological investigation of P. claviforme.
• In silico molecular docking of LC-MS-QTOF metabolites.

     

Handgrip strength is correlated with activities of daily living,balance, and body composition in patients with thoracolumbar compression fracture

This study assessed the relationship between handgrip strength (HGS) and activities of daily living, balance, walking speed, calf circumference, body muscle, and body composition in elderly patients with thoracolumbar vertebral compression fracture (VCF). A cross-sectional study in a single hospital was performed with elderly patients diagnosed with VCF. After admission, we evaluated HGS, 10-meter walk test (speed), Barthel Index, Berg Balance Scale (BBS), numerical rating scale of body pain, and calf circumference. We examined skeletal muscle mass, skeletal muscle mass index, total body water (TBW), intracellular water, extracellular water (ECW), and phase angle (PhA) in patients with VCF using multi-frequency direct segmental bioelectrical impedance analysis after admission. A total of 112 patients admitted for VCF were enrolled (26 males, 86 females; mean age 83.3 years). The prevalence of sarcopenia according to the 2019 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia guideline was 61.6%. HGS was significantly correlated with walking speed (P < .001, R = 0.485), Barthel Index (P < .001, R = 0.430), BBS (P < .001, R = 0.511), calf circumference (P < .001, R = 0.491), skeletal muscle mass index (P < .001, R = 0.629), ECW/TBW (P < .001, r = −0.498), and PhA (P < .001, R = 0.550). HGS was more strongly correlated with walking speed, Barthel Index, BBS, ECW/TBW ratio, and PhA in men than women. In patients with thoracolumbar VCF, HGS is associated with walking speed, muscle mass, activities of daily living measured using the Barthel Index, and balance measured using BBS. The findings suggest that HGS is an important indicator of activities of daily living, balance, and whole-body muscle strength. Furthermore, HGS is related to PhA and ECW/TBW.     

2017-2019年苏州地区儿童肺炎链球菌血清分型及耐药特征

目的 了解苏州大学附属儿童医院呼吸道感染儿童肺炎链球菌菌株的血清型分布及耐药特征,为制定肺炎链球菌相关疾病的治疗和预防接种策略提供参考.方法 采用乳胶凝集和荚膜肿胀试验对肺炎链球菌菌株进行血清分型,采用E-test法检测菌株对多种抗生素的耐药性.结果 2017年1月-2019年7月共收集3 652株肺炎链球菌,主要来自...     

Clinical Impact of Empirical Antibiotic Therapy in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Requiring Oxygen Therapy

Despite the low prevalence of secondary bacterial infection in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, most of them were administered antibiotic therapy empirically. However, the prognostic impact of empirical antibiotic therapy has not been evaluated. We conducted retrospective propensity score-matched case-control study of 233 COVID-19 patients with moderate to severe illnesses who required oxygen therapy and evaluated whether empirical antibiotic therapy could improve clinical outcomes. Empirical antibiotic therapy did not improve clinical outcomes including length of stay, days with oxygen requirement, the proportion of patients with increased oxygen demand, the proportion of patients who required mechanical ventilation, and overall mortality. This finding implies that routine administration of antibiotics for the treatment of COVID-19 is not essential and should be restricted.     

内毒素休克大鼠肝线粒体H+-ATP酶活性变化的研究

目的：研究内毒素休克时线粒体呼吸功能的变化及其与 Ｈ＋ Ａ Ｔ Ｐ酶活性变化的关系。方法：测定内毒素休克大鼠肝线粒体呼吸控制率（ Ｒ Ｃ Ｒ）、磷氧比（ Ｐ／ Ｏ）和 Ｈ＋ Ａ Ｔ Ｐ酶活性的变化;并通过体外孵育实验研究离体情况下不同浓度梯度细菌内毒素（ Ｌ Ｐ Ｓ）对线粒体 Ｒ Ｃ Ｒ、 Ｐ／ Ｏ 和 Ｈ＋ Ａ Ｔ Ｐ酶活性的影响。结果：内毒素休克早期,大鼠肝线粒体 Ｒ Ｃ Ｒ、 Ｐ／ Ｏ 及 Ｈ＋ Ａ Ｔ Ｐ酶活性显著增强,晚期则显著减弱。而 Ｌ Ｐ Ｓ与线粒体共同孵育导致线粒体 Ｒ Ｃ Ｒ、 Ｐ／ Ｏ 和 Ｈ＋ Ａ Ｔ Ｐ酶活性下降。线粒体 Ｈ＋ Ａ Ｔ Ｐ酶活性的变化和 Ｒ Ｃ Ｒ、 Ｐ／ Ｏ 的变化有较好的一致性。结论： Ｈ＋ Ａ Ｔ Ｐ酶活性的变化可能是内毒素休克线粒体功能变化的重要原因之一;提出了内毒素休克时线粒体功能早期增强晚期减弱的观点。     

早期康复治疗对急性脑卒中患者日常生活能力的影响

目的 :探讨早期康复治疗对脑卒中偏瘫患者 1个月后日常生活活动能力的影响。方法 :将 12 9例脑卒中偏瘫患者随机分成康复组 (74例 )和对照组 (5 5例 ) ,进行临床对照性研究 ,两组均常规进行神经内科的药物治疗 ,康复组增加运动疗法和电疗等康复治疗方法 ,对每例患者在进入课题时和 1个月后分别测试ADL能力。结果 :康复组两次Barthel指数分别为 6 .36± 4.93、13.0 0± 4.91,对照组为 7.5 0± 6 .19、11.6 0± 6 .2 6 ;两组前后比较均有高度显著性差异 (P <0 .0 0 1) ;两组的变化均数比较康复组 1个月后ADL恢复优于对照组 (P <0 .0 0 1)。结论 :早期康复治疗对患者 1个月后的日常生活活动能力具有良好的促进作用。