某县2006～2009年5岁以下儿童死亡变化趋势分析

目的了解某县5岁以下儿童死亡原因及死亡率的动态变化趋势,为本地区制定相应的干预措施提供科学依据。方法对某县2006～2009年5岁以下儿童死亡监测资料进行整理与分析。结果某县2006年1月至2009年12月5岁以下儿童死亡率为17.85‰,前5位死因顺位为意外、窒息、早产低体重、肺炎,年龄构成显示新生儿死亡占20.57‰,婴儿死亡占31.89‰,1～4岁儿童死亡占47.55‰。结论降低5岁以下儿童死亡率重点是对儿童意外发生的防范,进一步落实儿童安全教育在相当长时间内都是我们的重点工作。     

Gait characteristics of post-poliomyelitis patients: Standardization of quantitative data reporting

ObjectivesTo evaluate the differences in gait characteristics and gait symmetry of post-polio syndrome (PPS) patients ambulating with or without shoes and between subgroups walking with different walking aids and orthoses, study the correlation of these data with personal data, illness condition, physical health, frequency of using aids and orthotics and frequency of falls, and derive recommendations for standardization of reporting these data.MethodTwenty-six PPS subjects ambulated with their own walking devices. We calculated spatio-temporal parameters and symmetry indices (SI) of gait using a data acquired by a motion capture system. We compared inter-subject differences in gait pattern for PPS groups that differed by questionnaire-obtained data of demographics, physical activity, polio history, falls and walking aids. Additional inter-subject comparisons were performed between normal subjects (n = 16), PPS patients walking with shoes with/without an ankle-foot-orthosis (n = 11), PPS patients walking with knee-ankle-foot-orthosis (n = 5), and PPS patients walking with a walker/crutches (n = 10). We also compared intra-subject variability in PPS subjects who were able to repeat the trials barefoot.ResultsOur main results show that subjects who reported participating in physical activity twice a week or more had significantly better step time and double support symmetry. Subjects who use walking aids on a daily basis had significantly higher gait cadence and shorter stride time. Also, subjects that do not require knee-ankle-foot orthoses and/or walking aids walked with a smaller base width and better symmetry in stance and swing durations than PPS subjects who require these aids.ConclusionsThe gait pattern of PPS patients is related to numerous intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Standardization of the reporting protocol of gait-related data of PPS patients is crucial for patient evaluation and treatment design.     

Psychosocial risk factors in vulvovaginal mycosis. A multivariate long-term study

The results of a multivariate logit-analysis of n = 9098 (female) patients of a gynecologic practice (from 1991 to 1994) confirm the relevance of psycho-social factors like employment, being married, smoking etc. on the incidence of the vulvovaginal mycosis. By the statistical results the studied factors can be rank-ordered from "smoking" as the most relevant to "virginity" as the most irrelevant factor. Surprisingly sexual contact and using oral contraception had no relevance. A check-list using factor-combinations enables to discriminate 48 types of female with different risk of incidence. The results of the study are in accordance with the following hypothesis: In most cases stress, induced by the psycho-social situation of the female and weakening the immune system, is the only responsible factor for the incidence of vulvovaginal mycosis.     

Mukolipidose II (Leroy-Syndrom) als Ursache einer akuten respiratorischen Insuffizienz

We report on a 20-month-old girl who was known to suffer from mucolipidosis II (I-Cell-Disease, Leroy Syndrome) since birth. The clinical features, biochemical analysis and histopathological findings are briefly discussed. The girl died suddenly while she was being fed by her mother. Death was caused by acute respiratory insufficiency associated with the underlying disease. From the histomorphology of the lungs there was no evidence to hold the mother responsible for the child’s death.     

Psychometric properties of the Resilience Scale – 14 in a sample of college students from France

Introduction

In recent years, the integration of resilience in several psychological and medical studies underscores a need for resilience assessment measures with robust psychometric properties. This study aimed to evaluate the underlying structure of the French version of the Resilience Scale (RS-14), a widely used measure to assess resilience both in general and clinical population.