夏芩颗粒降压作用机理研究

夏芩颗粒是金东明教授治疗高血压病肝火亢盛证的经验方,肝藏血,主疏泄,木气条达则血脉通畅,肝参与了心主血脉。肝气不舒,最易化火,肝火上炎,是导致血压升高的最常见情志因素。夏芩颗粒由夏枯草、黄芩、泽泻、牛膝、淫羊藿组方,既能清肝泻上炎之火、降肝经气血上逆,又能引火（血）下行利于祛邪,还能防苦寒伤正。各药均有不同程度的降压作用。     

Uterine artery embolisation for uterine fibroids: Our experience at a tertiary care service hospital

Background

Uterine artery embolisation (UAE) has evolved as a minimally invasive and effective alternative, treatment modality for women with symptomatic fibroids. We discuss our initial experience of UAE in the management of symptomatic fibroids.

Methods

Twenty five symptomatic patients of uterine fibroids were treated with UAE by selectively cannulating and injecting poly vinyl alcohol particles into the uterine arteries. Post treatment follow up was done at 2 and 6 months respectively.

Results

Pre-treatment, the sizes of fibroids were between 3.9 and 10.9 cm (mean 7.4) on ultrasonography. Of the total 25 patients, 49 uterine arteries were embolised with a technical success rate of 98%. Menorrhagia persisted in 7 patients, dysmenorrhea in 4 patients and pressure symptoms in 2 patients respectively in follow up study of six months which corresponds to a reduction in symptoms by 68% for menorrhagia, 71% for dysmenorhoea and 75% for those with pressure symptoms respectively. At 2 months follow-up post embolisation, the mean diameter of the fibroid was 4.03 cm (range 2–5.2 cm) and at 6 months 3.2 cm (range 1.3–4.1 cm), corresponding to size reduction of 45.5% and 57%, respectively. Follow up with ultrasonography at 2 and 6 months period showed successful fibroid reduction in 24 patients with corresponding reduction in the symptomatology. One patient remained symptomatic with increase in fibroid size and had to undergo hysterectomy.

Conclusion

Uterine artery embolisation can be considered as an alternative to hysterectomy in appropriately selected symptomatic patients of uterine fibroids.     

慢性HBV携带小鼠模型评估

【摘要】 目的 研究琥珀酸美托洛尔普通颗粒与自制缓释微丸的药代动力学行为,并验证缓释微丸的缓释特性,为后期开展缓释制剂研究打下基础。方法 将大鼠随机分为普通组、缓释组各6只,每组雌雄各3只,普通组大鼠单次口服琥珀酸美托洛尔普通颗粒,缓释组大鼠单次口服等剂量的琥珀酸美托洛尔缓释微丸。采用LC MS/MS法测定血药浓度,采用DAS 2.1.1版药代动力学软件计算药代动力学参数,采用SPSS130统计学软件进行统计学分析。结果 结果表明,两种剂型的AUC(0 t) 、AUC(0 ∞) 、Cmax以及MRT(0 t)、MRT(0 ∞)、t1/2z、Tmax差异显著,具有统计学意义。结论 琥珀酸美托洛尔自制缓释微丸具有显著的缓释特性。可为新剂型的研制、开发提供资料参考。     

放射性125I粒子治疗晚期肺癌的疗效分析

目的 探讨晚期肺癌的放射性¹²⁵I粒子植入治疗的临床疗效。方法 收集自2012年1月至2015年12月经放射性¹²⁵I粒子植入治疗的肺癌患者186例,分析患者的疗效及生存率。结果 所有入组病例均临床随访36个月,失访5例,随访率97.31%。平均生存期16.9个月,中位生存时间18.0个月(8～23个月)。影像学随访至12个月,完全缓解(complete relief, CR)35例,部分缓解(partial relief, PR)78例,疾病稳定(stable disease, SD)32例,疾病进展(progress disease, PD)23例,死亡18例。疾病控制(CR+PR+SD)145例,12个月总体控制率77.96%,术后6例死于呼吸衰竭,12例死于全身转移、恶液质,术后最长存活时间23个月。3例粒子移位脱落至纵隔,3例出现少量气胸,经保守治疗自行吸收。5例咯血痰,经补液止血治疗后治愈。无胸腔积液、肺部感染或针道种植转移等并发症。结论 放射性¹²⁵I粒子植入在改善晚期肺癌患者生活质量的同时,提高了患者远期生存率,是一种安全、有效的治疗方法。     

热疗联合125I粒子治疗复发性直肠癌的近期疗效评价

目的：通过比较复发性直肠癌患者治疗前、后影像学和血清中癌胚抗原（CEA）以及术后随访结果,评价热疗联合¹²⁵I放射性粒子治疗直肠癌的有效性。方法：手术且放疗后行CT引导下¹²⁵I放射性粒子植入术（20例手术治疗患者,1例患者无法耐受热疗退出）,术前应用放射性粒子治疗计划系统（TPS）制定粒子植入计划,粒子间距为1.0 cm,植入后立即复查CT,再行剂量验证,植入粒子数量为12~58颗,每颗粒子放射性活度为0.5 mCi,肿瘤周边匹配剂量为90~140 Gy。射频热疗,每次60 min,维持温度43℃,每周2次,连续3周。治疗后随访3个月,通过影像学结果和血清中CEA水平变化评价有效率,并评估尿频、尿痛、血尿和直肠出血等并发症。结果：与治疗前比较,随访6个月后影像学结果显示肿瘤缩小;患者治疗后血清中CEA水平由治疗前（30.25±8.32） mg·L^-1降低到（11.89±5.22） mg·L^-1（t=13.158,P < 0.01）;局部有效率94.7%（18/19）,疼痛缓解率为94.4%（17/18）;治疗前NRS评分中位数为6（4,7）分,治疗后NRS评分中位数为1（0,3）分,治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义（P < 0.01）。随访期间患者未出现尿频、尿痛、血尿和直肠出血等并发症。结论：热疗联合¹²⁵I放射性粒子植入对复发性直肠癌具有较好的临床效果,是复发性直肠癌有效的综合治疗手段。     

7例羊水栓塞诊断与抢救的临床分析

目的 分析7例羊水栓塞的临床诊断与抢救,提供临床诊治羊水栓塞的参考,以提高抢救成功率。方法选取2011年1月～2019年10月于本院住院治疗的7例羊水栓塞的产妇临床资料、救治措施、预后及有无并发症进行回顾性分析。结果 7例羊水栓塞患者中,4例行剖宫产术,3例阴道分娩,经多学科合作积极抢救,4例抢救成功,1例有肺挫裂伤、胸骨、肋骨骨折,其余3例无并发症,1例植物人状态,2例死亡(死于严重的DIC、多器官功能衰竭)。结论 羊水栓塞起病急骤、表现不一、进展快,死亡率高,因此早期识别、积极治疗,多学科合作,必要时及时行子宫切除术,可提高抢救成功率,改善预后、减少并发症的发生。     

磨损颗粒引发假体周围骨溶解的机制及药物治疗进展

目的对磨损颗粒引发假体周围骨溶解的机制及药物治疗进展进行了综述介绍。方法对国外近期相关文献进行综述。结果及结论人工关节置换是治疗晚期骨关节炎及老年股骨颈骨折的有效方法,能达到解除关节疼痛、重建活动功能及提高生活质量的目的。人工关节无菌性松动是影响人工关节使用寿命和远期疗效的最重要的并发症。磨损颗粒诱发假体周围组织细胞产生一系列生物学反应是导致假体周围骨溶解及假体无菌性松动的重要因素。磨损颗粒刺激假体周围的巨噬细胞、成骨细胞、成纤维细胞等产生多种细胞因子,形成破骨细胞性骨吸收,同时影响成骨细胞的分化及功能,抑制骨形成。药物在预防和治疗磨损颗粒引起的人工关节松动方面能起到积极的作用。     

清胰颗粒对重症急性胰腺炎大鼠肠黏膜上皮紧密连接的保护作用

目的：探讨清胰颗粒对重症急性胰腺炎（SAP）大鼠肠黏膜上皮紧密连接的保护作用。方法：24只健康雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为假手术组、SAP组和清胰颗粒组。采用3.5%牛磺胆酸钠胆胰管逆行注射制备SAP大鼠模型,清胰颗粒组于造模前2 h、造模后6 h和18 h分别给予清胰颗粒灌胃,SAP组以同样的方法给予安慰剂。各组分别于造模后24 h取末端回肠,HE染色,光镜下观察病理组织学改变,采用Chiu’小肠组织损伤评价标准对肠黏膜损伤进行评价,应用Western blot和实时荧光定量PCR法检测回肠黏膜上皮紧密连接蛋白（Occludin）表达。结果：与假手术组相比,SAP组大鼠Chiu’小肠组织损伤评分（4.6±0.6） vs （0.0±0.0）明显升高,与SAP组相比,清胰颗粒组Chiu’小肠组织损伤评分（2.0±0.4）vs（4.6±0.6）明显降低;Western blot和实时荧光定量PCR结果显示,与假手术组相比SAP组大鼠Occludin蛋白表达（1.2±0.4）vs（3.2±0.4）和mRNA表达（1.3±0.3）vs（2.9±0.5）明显降低（P＜0.05）;与SAP组相比,清胰颗粒组 Occludin蛋白表达（4.1±0.4）vs（1.2±0.4）和mRNA表达（4.2±0.3）vs（1.3±0.3）明显升高（P＜0.05）。结论：清胰颗粒能减轻SAP大鼠肠黏膜损伤程度,这一作用可能与增强肠黏膜紧密连接蛋白Occludin表达有关。     

Fetoscopic approach to amniotic band syndrome

Background

Amniotic band syndrome (ABS) is an uncommon complication of pregnancy that can result in fetal demise.

Methods

We present our experience with fetoscopic amniotic band release.

Results

Five patients underwent fetoscopic amniotic band release for preoperatively diagnosed ABS involving at least one extremity. Four of five patients were found to have involvement of the umbilical cord at the time of fetoscopy. One of these four did not have the band released and underwent fetal demise at 24 weeks. All four survivors had good functional outcomes of affected limbs. Two patients developed membrane separation and had preterm deliveries at 32 weeks gestation whereas the other two carried to term. No maternal complications were noted.

Conclusions

Fetoscopic amniotic band release is safe. Umbilical cord involvement is difficult to assess preoperatively, but when it is present should be treated to reduce the risk of fetal demise.     

Inhibitory effect of icariin on Ti-induced inflammatory osteoclastogenesis

Background

Wear particle-induced periprosthetic osteolysis that results in aseptic loosening is the most common cause of long-term failure after total joint replacement.

Materials and methods

Icariin (ICA), a flavonoid isolated from Epimedium pubescens, inhibits osteoclast formation, but its effects on wear particle-induced inflammatory osteoclastogenesis remains unclear. We investigated the role of ICA in the regulation of osteoclast differentiation in a murine macrophage cell line (RAW264.7), which is stimulated by titanium (Ti) particles and the receptor activator of NF-κB ligand.

Results

ICA effectively inhibited osteoclast formation and bone resorption in the differentiation medium. ICA (10⁻⁷ mol/L) significantly reduced the number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive cells compared with the control, and significantly reduced the percentage of the surface covered by resorption lacunae. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that ICA inhibited messenger RNA expression for the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB, cathepsin K, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in RAW264.7 cells stimulated by Ti particles and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand. ICA also reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine expression of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α in RAW264.7 cells cultured with Ti particles. In addition, incubation with cholecystokinin-8 showed that ICA had no toxic effects on RAW264.7 cells.

Conclusions

ICA possibly elicited inhibitory effects on inflammatory osteoclastogenesis induced by Ti particles, indicating that ICA may be useful for the prevention and treatment of wear particle-induced osteolysis.