Subhepatic collections complicating laparoscopic cholecystectomy: Percutaneous management

Ten patients with subhepatic fluid collections complicating laparoscopic Cholecystectomy were successfully treated by interventional radiological procedures. The series included five abscesses, three hematomas, one biloma, and one serous collection. Abdominal pain or fever developed from 3 to 21 days after the laparoscopic intervention. All patients were asymptomatic 72 h after percutaneous drainage and there were no complications related to the procedure. Subhepatic fluid accumulations are common findings after laparoscopic cholecystectomies and have been considered an unreliable indicator of infection or other postoperative complications. However, the significance of these collections should not be underestimated in symptomatic patients. In such cases we propose diagnostic aspiration and drainage, when necessary, to safely and promptly establish the precise diagnosis and treatment. More serious complications can be avoided by early percutaneous intervention.     

胰腺癌细胞的增殖同膜脂质饱和度,膜胰岛素受体的关系

外源性表皮生长因子(或生长抑素)能促进(或抑制)胰腺癌细胞的增殖。胰腺癌细胞增殖速率的高低与细胞膜脂质饱和度的降、升;与膜胰岛素受体数量的增减密切相关。测定细胞膜脂质饱和度和胰岛素受体数量,是判断胰腺癌增殖状态的灵敏指标,有一定临床价值。     

Pulsatility and resistance indices in intrarenal arteries of normal adults

In order to establish the normal range of values of Pulsatility (PI) and Resistance (RI) Indices in the intrarenal vasculature, a study of 50 healthy volunteers (23 males, 27 females), divided into five groups of 10 according to age, was performed with Duplex Doppler ultrasound. Both kidneys were examined in all individuals and, in 12, indices were also compared between upper and lower poles of both kidneys. In addition, repeat examinations were performed in nine subjects on three different days, in order to assess the reproducibility of the method. No differences were found in the mean values of both indices between males and females, upper and lower poles, right and left kidneys. A statistically significant increase (p < 0.01, unpaired t-test) was demonstrated when the oldest age group (7th decade) was compared to the youngest age group (3rd decade). The method appeared remarkably reproducible for RI (4.2–7%), with wider variation in the PI (9.5–22.7%).     

鼻内窥镜诊治脑脊液漏的临床研究

目的 探讨鼻内窥镜手术治疗脑脊液鼻漏临床相关因素。方法 对17例（19漏）内窥镜下修补脑脊液鼻漏患者的临床资料作回顾性分析。结果 脑脊液鼻漏17例中，外伤性15例，自发性2例，内窥镜下瘘口修补术一次性治愈15例，成功率88.2%，失败2例，再次修补成功，其中1例颅内高压术后腰穿持续引流减压。结论 内窥镜手术修补脑脊液鼻漏准确、微创；冠位CT薄层扫描对术前瘘口解剖定位有重要意义；影响手术效果的因素与修补材料的固定有关，与修补材料本身无明显关系；术后适当腰穿引流对于临床提示颅内压高、修补区薄弱病例仍需采用。     

How can we predict ureteral obstruction after gynecological surgery? The changes in Doppler resistive index and plasma creatinine and magnesium concentrations after surgical, unilateral ureteral obstruction in a rabbit model

The aim of this study is to evaluate the changes in Doppler resistive index (RI) and plasma creatinine and magnesium concentrations after unilateral ureteral obstruction in a rabbit model. Fourteen adult female rabbits were used in this study. In seven rabbits, the left ureter was ligated with silk suture, and the control group was sham operated. Before surgery and on the second and seventh days after surgery, blood samples were obtained to measure plasma creatinine and magnesium concentrations. Doppler RIs of both kidneys were also measured before surgery and on the second and seventh days after the surgical procedure. With regard to magnesium levels, there was a significant within-subjects sessions difference [F(2, 20) = 15.21, P= 0.001] indicating a decrease through sessions. Magnesium concentrations decreased significantly at the postoperative second and seventh days compared to preoperative baseline levels (P= 0.003 and P= 0.001, respectively). Multifactorial analysis of variance was applied for each session separately with laterality, and groups as factors. The Doppler RI and the creatinine level did not show any significant differences or interactions for all sessions (P > 0.05). The decreasing plasma magnesium concentration after surgery may indicate ureteral injury; however, Doppler studies and creatinine levels may not be useful as well.     

2型糖尿病(消渴病)微观辨证的临床研究

目的　为糖尿病的临床辨证、治疗用药提供客观依据和帮助。方法　观察 2型糖尿病 (消渴病 ,diabetesmellitus)不同证型患者各 30例 ,正常对照组 30例 ,检测血清一氧化氮 (NO)、血浆α -颗粒膜蛋白 (GMP 14 0 )、血浆D -二聚体 (D D)、血清白细胞介素 - 6 (IL 6 )这些微观指标的变化 ,探讨其与中医辨证分型的关系。结果　①血清NO值在各组中的变化是阴虚热盛组 >正常对照组>气阴两虚组 >气滞血瘀组 ,每两组间具有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5 ) ,其中气滞血瘀组与其它 3组具有非常显著性差异 (P <0 0 1)。②糖尿病各组患者血浆GMP 14 0、D D值均较正常对照组有非常显著性增高 (P <0 0 1) ,在糖尿病组各证型中 ,呈阴虚热盛组 <气阴两虚组 <气滞血瘀组变化趋势 ,且血浆GMP 14 0和D D的变化呈正相关 (r=0 6 6 )。③血清IL 6在糖尿病组较正常对照组升高 ,其变化呈阴虚热盛组 <气阴两虚组 <气滞血瘀组趋势 ,每两组间具有非常显著性差异 (P <0 0 1)。结论　糖尿病发病以正气不足为内在依据。随着病程的进展 ,脾肾亏虚及血瘀加重是必然趋势。治疗应重视补脾肾和活血化瘀     

体重指数对全膝关节置换术后功能的影响

目的回顾性分析体重指数(BMI)对骨关节炎(OA)患者全膝关节置换术(TKA)后功能的影响.方法由同一组医生使用同一种假体对320例(520膝)骨关节炎患者行全膝关节置换.按体重指数分为4组非肥胖组(BMI＜25.0 kg/m2)、超重组(BMI 25.1～27.0 kg/m2)、肥胖组(BMI 27.1～30.0kg/m2)和病理性肥胖组(BMI＞30.0 kg/m2),分别记录术前及随访时HSS膝评分、功能评分、膝关节最大屈曲、伸直度数和并发症.结果术前超重组、肥胖组和病理性肥胖组功能评分较非肥胖组低(P＜0.05),但膝评分差异无显著性.通过平均28.3个月的随访,无论膝评分和功能评分各组术后均明显提高,各组提高的幅度比较差异无显著性.虽然超重组、肥胖组和病理性肥胖组术后最大屈曲、伸直度数较非肥胖组小,但是改善幅度仍相当,差异无显著性(P＞0.05).肥胖组和病理性肥胖组围手术期并发症明显增高(P＜0.05),在总共93例(181膝)中,有14膝(9.2%)出现伤口并发症,其中1膝(0.5%)感染,感染发生于术后10周内,与伤口并发症有关;2膝(1.3%)内侧副韧带损伤.超重组166例(258膝)中有6膝(2.3%)出现伤口并发症,无感染及内侧副韧带损伤病例.非肥胖组61例(81膝)中有1膝(1%)出现伤口并发症,无感染及内侧副韧带损伤病例.结论TKR是进展期OA患者有效的治疗措施,肥胖并不是膝关节置换手术的障碍.但围手术期并发症增多,包括伤口愈合、感染、内侧副韧带损伤,应注意伤口缝合技术和保护内侧副韧带.     

自拟白术桃花汤治疗习惯性便秘临床观察

目的　观察白术桃花汤治疗习惯性便秘的疗效。方法　自拟白术桃花汤 (白术 30g ,桃花 12g ,生地黄 30g ,枳实 10g) ,每日服 1剂 ,7d为 1个疗程。对照组服用果导片作对比观察。结果　白术桃花汤治疗习惯性便秘 117例 ,治愈 10 6例 ,好转 4例 ,总有效率 94 .0 2 %;果导片治疗 6 6例 ,治愈18例 ,好转 30例 ,总有效率 72 .73%。两组总有效率比较 ,经统计学处理P <0 0 1,差异有非常显著性意义。结论　白术桃花汤功能为补气除湿 ,增液行气 ,通调大便 ,治疗习惯性便秘疗效满意。     

Ankle-brachial index and extent of atherothrombosis in 8891 patients with or at risk of vascular disease: results of the international AGATHA study.

AIMS: AGATHA (a Global Atherothrombosis Assessment) was designed to assess the extent of atherothrombosis and the use of the ankle-brachial index (ABI) in vascular patients. The principal hypotheses were that (1) in diseased patients, a low ABI was related to the number and site of vascular beds affected and (2) in at-risk patients without disease, a low ABI was related to the number of risk factors present. METHODS AND RESULTS: Patients were recruited consecutively by 482 clinicians in 24 countries and the ABI measurement was performed at a single visit. Of 8891 patients recruited, 1792 were defined as at risk and 7099 as with disease. Of the with-disease patients, 65.2% had one arterial bed affected, 27.6% two and 7.1% all three. Abnormal ABI (< or =0.9) was present in 30.9% of at-risk and 40.5% of with-disease patients. A lower ABI was weakly associated with an increasing number of risk factors in at-risk patients (r=-0.056, P=0.02) and with the site and number of arterial beds affected in with-disease patients (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: This large international study confirms that atherothrombotic disease often occurs at more than one site. The ABI is related to the risk factor profile and to the site and extent of atherothrombosis.     

Anticonvulsant properties of the cerebrospinal fluid due to antiepileptic system activation

Laboratory of General Pathology of the Nervous System, Institute of General Pathology and Pathological Physiology, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. Department of Pathological Physiology, N. I. Pirogov Odessa Medical Institute. Translated from Byulleten' Éksprimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 106, No. 8, pp. 146–149, August, 1988.