基于代谢组学方法研究生半夏和姜半夏对BeWo细胞的毒性机制

目的 通过气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）技术分析生半夏和姜半夏干预后细胞内代谢物改变,来评价生半夏和姜半夏潜在的发育毒性。方法 采用胎盘组织来源的BeWo细胞系构建体外胎盘模型,运用GC-MS检测细胞经生半夏及姜半夏干预后细胞内所含代谢物及其相对含量的变化。结果 细胞代谢物中共鉴定出甘氨酸、氨基丙二酸、脯氨酸、葡萄糖、半乳糖、硬脂酸在、肌醇等九种差异性代谢物。结论 运用GC-MS代谢组学技术评价半夏及姜半夏的发育毒性具有可行性。      

牙科ZrO2(3Y)/Al2O3纳米复合陶瓷材料的研制及其力学性能

目的：研制新型口腔修复用纳米复合全瓷材料并探讨其力学性能。方法：将纳米ZrO₂(3Y)粉体以不同体积百分比加入微米级Al₂O₃粉体中,测试不同纳米 粉含量对试样力学性能的影响。结果：添加10%（V/V）ZrO₂(3Y)粉体时试样力学性能最佳,其弯曲强度和断裂韧性分别为(424.43±30.30)MPa和(4.31±0.30)MPa m^1/2。 结论：添加10%（V/V）ZrO₂(3Y)纳米粉的纳米复合陶瓷, 其力学性能可以满足口腔修复需要,添加过量纳米粉反而使试样力学性能降低。     

Pulmonary function and histological impairment in mice after acute exposure to aluminum dust

Along the aluminum refining process, alumina (Al₂O₃) constitutes the main source of dust. Although aluminum refinery workers present respiratory symptoms with lung functional changes, no conclusive data about lung function impairment after alumina exposure has been so far reported. We examined the pulmonary alterations of exposure to material collected in an aluminum refinery in Brazil. BALB/c mice were exposed in a whole-body chamber for 1?h to either saline (CTRL, n?=?11) or to a suspension (in saline) of 8?mg/m³ of the dust (ALUM, n?=?11) both delivered by an ultrasonic nebulizer. Twenty-four hours after exposure lung mechanics were measured by the end-inflation method. Lungs were prepared for histology. ALUM showed significantly higher static elastance (34.61?±?5.76 cmH₂O/mL), elastic component of viscoelasticity (8.16?±?1.20 cmH₂O/mL), pressure used to overcome the resistive component of viscoelasticity (1.62?±?0.24 cmH₂O), and total resistive pressure (2.21?±?0.49 cmH₂O) than CTRL (27.95?±?3.63 cmH₂O/mL, 6.12?±?0.99 cmH₂O/mL, 1.23?±?0.19 cmH₂O, and 1.68?±?0.23 cmH₂O, respectively). ALUM also presented significantly higher fraction area of alveolar collapse (69.7?±?1.2%) and influx of polymorphonuclear cells (27.5?±?1.1%) in lung parenchyma than CTRL (27.2?±?1.1% and 14.6?±?0.7%, respectively). The composition analysis of the particulate matter showed high concentrations of aluminum. For the first time it was demonstrated in an experimental model that an acute exposure to dust collected in an aluminum producing facility impaired lung mechanics that could be associated with inflammation.     

不同晶型的氧化铝粉尘对大鼠肺脏作用的比较

四种不同晶型的氧化铝粉尘(每种分100和50mg 二个剂量组)给大鼠气管注入染尘。实验18个月测定肺湿,干重;肺胶原蛋白含量和肺病理检查。100mg 组3、6月时测肺Ⅰ/Ⅲ型胶原比值及所有大鼠肺功能。结果指出四种氧化铝大鼠的肺功能(V_T、f、V_E)值均高于对照组,f 值对照组在78～81次之间,氧化铝在100以上(P<0.05～0.01),V_E 值,前者为58～64ml/分,而后者多在81ml/分以上。全肺湿,干重;胶原蛋白含量也均高于对照组。6个月Ⅰ/Ⅲ型胶原比值,石英为12.5,对照组4.9,铝氧粉9.2,其他氧化铝在7.07～7.89之间。病理,铝氧扮引起中度肺纤维化,而其他致轻度肺纤维化。     

Bond Strength,Microhardness, and Core/Veneer Interface Quality of an All‐Ceramic System

Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate three veneering materials for an all‐ceramic alumina system in terms of bond strength, microhardness, and core/veneer interface quality. Materials and Methods: Fifteen In‐Ceram cores were constructed for this study, forming three groups of five specimens each divided by the veneering ceramic disc fired on the occlusal surface of the alumina core: Vitadur N, Vitadur Alpha, or VM7. The specimens underwent shear bond and microhardness testing. Gross examination of debonded discs by SEM and EDAX analysis was conducted. Data for shear bond strength (SBS) and microhardness were presented as means and standard deviation (SD) values. One‐way ANOVA and Duncan's post hoc test were used for pairwise comparison between the means when ANOVA test was significant. Results: VM7 showed the highest shear bond value and lowest microhardness values of the three tested veneering materials. No statistically significant difference was evident between the SBSs of Vitadur N and Vitadur Alpha to the alumina cores. Vitadur Alpha showed statistically the highest mean VHN, followed by Vitadur N, while VM7 showed statistically the lowest mean values of VHN. Conclusions: In‐Ceram core/Vitadur N disc debondings appeared to be interfacial by complete delaminations, leaving a shiny visible and quite distinct area, whereas there appeared to be perfect adhesion between the core and VM7 veneering material. VM7 appeared to possess ultra‐fine texture with intimate contact to the core, forming what seemed like a transition zone where the ceramic and core appeared to blend for a distance. VM7's finer particle size has improved the core/veneer bond strength and decreased micohardness values. This new veneering material will probably enhance the performance and esthetics of the In‐Ceram system.     

铝镁二甲硅油咀嚼片联合艾司奥美拉唑治疗消化性溃疡合并出血的疗效及安全性分析

目的研究铝镁二甲硅油咀嚼片联合艾司奥美拉唑治疗消化性溃疡合并出血的效果。方法200例消化性溃疡合并出血患者,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组100例。对照组患者接受艾司奥美拉唑治疗,观察组患者接受铝镁二甲硅油咀嚼片联合艾司奥美拉唑治疗。比较两组患者治疗前后症状积分;治疗后止血情况(止血时间、输血量、治疗后1个月内再出血)、住院时间;治疗前后超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)水平;治疗后不良反应发生情况;治疗前后生活质量评分。结果治疗前,两组患者的症状积分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗2、4周后,两组患者的症状积分均低于本组治疗前,且观察组明显低于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者的治疗后止血时间(6.85±2.61)d、住院时间(12.38±3.65)d均短于对照组的(10.94±2.72)、(15.94±4.18)d,输血量(2.46±1.16)U少于对照组的(3.84±1.42)U,治疗后1个月内再出血率3.00%低于对照组的10.00%,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组患者的SOD水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,两组患者的SOD水平均高于本组治疗前,且观察组SOD水平明显高于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者治疗后不良反应发生率为13.00%,与对照组的11.00%比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗前,两组患者的生活质量评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,观察组患者的生活质量评分明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论铝镁二甲硅油咀嚼片联合艾司奥美拉唑治疗消化性溃疡合并出血对比单独应用艾司奥美拉唑方案能获得更好的临床疗效,明显改善症状,有效控制血清指标水平,且治疗安全性较高,值得推广应用。     

Clinical results of posterior cruciate ligament retaining TKA with alumina ceramic condylar prosthesis: comparison to Co–Cr alloy prosthesis

In a prospective study, 194 knees undergoing total knee arthroplasty (110 knees with alumina ceramic prostheses; 84 knees with Co–Cr alloy prostheses) were clinically and radiologically evaluated. Average follow-up period was 66 months (36–124 months). Average age at the time of surgery was 66 years. In the ceramic prostheses, two revision surgeries were performed because of breakage of the tibial tray and late infection, whereas two revisions of the Co–Cr alloy prostheses were carried out due to loosening and late infection. In the other patients, there were no significant differences in clinical parameters (HSS knee score and range of motion) between the two prostheses. In radiological evaluation, we could not find any radiolucent lines around the femoral ceramic component while radiolucency was present in three knees (3.6%) around the Co–Cr femoral component. Beneath the tibial tray, three knees (2.7%) showed a radiolucent line around the former prosthesis while eight knees (9.5%) demonstrated a radiolucent line around the latter prosthesis. Chi-square tests showed a significant difference in the occurrence of radiolucent line around both of the femoral and tibial prosthesis. This study demonstrated that clinical results of the alumina ceramic PCL retaining total knee prosthesis are comparable to the standard Co–Cr alloy PCL retaining total knee prosthesis. Although we could not draw any conclusions regarding the superiority of the ceramic prosthesis with respect to UHMWPE wear and long-term survivorship, this report encouraged a long-term follow-up study on ceramic prostheses. Presented in part at the meeting of the International Society of Arthroscopy, Knee Surgery, and Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, New Zealand, 2003.     

Thin sintered Al2O3 pellets as thermoluminescent dosimeters for the therapeutic dose range

Thermoluminescent properties of sintered alumina pellets were investigated with the aim of using them as radiation dosimeters. Peak temperatures, signal reproducibility, fading, curves of the response to X-radiation, as well as energy and angular dependences were studied. The results show that the pellets can be used in quality control programs in the therapeutic dose range.     

A Gestational Monkey Model: Effects of Phenytoin Versus Seizures on Neonatal Outcome

In the present research, an animal model was developed to ascertain the potential effects of gestational drug concentrations and/or maternal seizures on the neonate. The rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) was the species of choice as previous research has demonstrated its validity as a model for partial epilepsy. Phenytoin (PHT) was tested because it is effective in the treatment of partial epilepsy in patients and is efficacious in nonpregnant monkeys with focal motor seizures. Data were obtained on the outcomes of nine pregnancies from five mothers, all of whom received PHT during gestation. Infant motor and social development and maternal/offspring interactions were systematically monitored for 12 weeks postnatally. Results indicated that impairment of infant motor development was directly correlated with greater drug exposure during the third trimester of pregnancy and unrelated to maternal seizure frequency during gestation. Also, developmental problems were more serious in infants exposed to higher drug levels, including difficulty nursing, grasping, and/or clasping; an upper lip anomaly; fetal death in one case; and infant death in another. Though the sample size of this study was small and the methodology experimental, the findings indicate that the gestational model is a valuable paradigm with potential clinical relevance. The results also support the notion that high third-trimester phenytoin levels may have significant impact on newborn reflexes and initial development of gross motor skills.